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ABSTRACTION IN BAYEUX TAPESTRY AND TRAJAN’S COLUMN

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Abstraction in Bayeux Tapestry and Trajan’s Column

All art is abstract at some point and this concept has always existed even in the beginning of the use of art. It is this same concept that McCloud extends and expounds for the reader to be able to understand it fully and from his perspective. Mccloud explains how comics work but also defines abstraction through his writing. On page 31 of the book, we can try to understand the abstraction from humans to more of the cartoon. This is because on this page the first photo looks more like a human being and as the comics continue discussing film critics and abstraction though the literal word is not mentioned here. Therefore they discuss the idea which abstraction is generally about. Therefore a definition can be derived from here and state that McCloud defines abstraction as the focus on an idea and not something real or tangible just like it is cartoons as stated in the understanding comic’s book. This makes life more interesting and as stated calls for further investigation. Therefore the definition of abstraction by McCloud can be said to be a concept that focuses on ideas just like it is in cartoons and does not focus on reality. Therefore from this book, I choose symbols that represent what is being talked about and which generally are ideas and no tangible evidence of what is being talked about. Therefore in this case we can say that symbols are what represent abstractions because they are not tangible items that can have a definite shape. And this is clear in the understanding of comics as McCloud uses cartoons to show how this is.

In Trajan’s column, we learn about time and its relation to abstraction. This is because even though it might be true that emperor Trajan at the age of 19 lead people to war to conquer a kingdom by the name Dacians it is not fully comprehensible at this period and it makes it even harder to understand because there is no evidence towards that. The remains of the evidence have been watered down by acid rain and the long period of destruction which have occurred and therefore in these recent times this dies not to act as just history with evidence but rather it becomes abstraction which we have to try and understand because we cannot fully grasp how that time was like. We cannot fully understand the aspect of having a king who is 19 years old and we also cannot fully understand what the remains mean. Furthermore, there is a little more abstraction in the issue of having the Dacians being understood. In this, it is pure abstraction since we can’t fathom what kind of kingdom it was and what how their kingdom, as well as their leadership, looked like since it was cleared from existence and consumed by the roman kingdom at that ancient time. Therefore this helps us to understand abstraction even in a more clear and complex manner.

Even though the column still exists it has suffered a lot from the history of civilization and it remains a place of history and a place of abstraction because no matter how a person tries to understand this time in age it remains an idea in their mind and it does not exist anywhere in the current sphere of reality. Therefore this is the basic idea about abstraction that ideas exist in our minds and they do not exist in reality and therefore we have to represent them either in writing them or drawing them using symbols like McCloud does in his book understanding comics. He also dissects the idea very well not only in word but also in vision whereby as the cartoons and drawings talk about the abstraction he draws them looking more like human in the first photos but at the end of the page he makes sure they look more like cartoons and symbols rather than human drawings.

In Bayeux Tapestry we also learn of how ancient times and color affect our understanding and creation of images due to the abstraction of a concept. This is an embroidered clothe almost 70 meters long and 50 centimeters wide. Its main depictions are the Norman conquest of England and it dates back to the 11th century. Its main characters include; William, Harold, Wessex, and many more who were involved in the activities of the norman kingdom at that period in time. The cloth has seventy scenes and all these talks of that period when England was conquered. It is embroidered and not woven and therefore it can be said to not be typically tapestry but embroidery. This, therefore, helps us to understand abstraction even in a clearer manner because we have to feed our minds with the idea that this kind of thing and vent took place especially when it is supported by evidence which does not give us the real situation but only gives us symbols to help us make the mental images. Color also plays a great role in the whole of this because we get to see which colors they liked most and in the creation of mental images as we understand abstraction we are likely to make colored images.

Therefore in conclusion we can say that understanding comics is an essential part of understanding abstraction. However, abstraction can be understood better when there is a combination with other artworks like I have discussed above the Bayeux Tapestry and the defeat of the Dacians by the emperor of the ancient roman kingdom Trajan. These two give us insights and the ability to understand abstraction more clearly.

References

Gameson, R. (Ed.). (1997). The study of the Bayeux tapestry. Boydell & Brewer Ltd.

Lancaster, L. (1999). Building Trajan’s column. American Journal of Archaeology, 419-439.

McCloud, S. (1993). Understanding comics: The invisible art. Northampton, Mass.

Musset, L. (2005). The Bayeux Tapestry. Boydell Press.

Richmond, I. A. (1935). Trajan’s army on Trajan’s Column. Papers of the British School at Rome, 1-40.

Marketing to the Bottom of the Pyramid

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Marketing to the Bottom of the Pyramid

Some authorities believe that when people with little disposable income are squeezed with profits, it is not exploitation, which is capitalist in nature. On the other hand, other authorities believe that it leads to economic growth. In this case, the latter is true as from the evidence, which has been provided. When one is marketing products to people who have low incomes, they are making profits. At the same time, the people with low disposable incomes are profiting from the products, which are on offer. This means that both the seller and buyer are gaining from the transaction, which takes place. An example of how this is possible is in India, where Unilever products are available to the rural people (Prahalad, 2004). The latter can easily obtain Unilever products, which are sold in small portions. At the same time, the company profits, as it has made its products become available to people who would not have afforded. In turn, the economy of a country grows as people are buying products, thus a rise in the Gross Domestic Product.

Most times, the authority may be a government, which has the responsibility of taking care of citizens. This is regardless to how much people earn, even those who have low disposable incomes. Governments come up with fiscal policies, which are meant to ensure that the economy grows. The disposable income of households is lowered by taxes, making it possible for people to purchase products. Governments usually work with large companies, so that the taxes of certain products can be reduced. For example, a company, which sells laptops, can agree with the government to lower the taxes of the products. This means that consumption and spending levels will be increased. An economy’s growth rate is often calculated according to the amount, which people spend (Kotler, & Lee, 2009).

Those with little disposable income thus stimulate the growth of the economy since they feel that they have the ability to spend. According to a publication by Professor Prahalad, those people who are the pyramid’s bottom do have a lot of profitability (Prahalad, 2004). The target group in this population is estimated to be people totaling four billion in number. Furthermore, they earn at least two dollars a day or less, thus known as people with little disposable income. Moreover, their purchasing power is at fourteen billion dollars. This means that their needs should be known, so that marketing products to them will be easy. In turn, the large corporations will offer them products of high standards, but at affordable prices. This is often known as a ‘win win situation’ all the parties gain.

When there are many products in an economy, it means that people with little disposable income can purchase products. Manufacturers of products will ensure that the products that they produce are affordable. For example, most phones are normally high priced, and the poor cannot afford. In turn, Motorola took advantage of this in order to gain profit from the people at the bottom of the pyramid. They made phones, which have features, which are suitable for people with little disposable income. In this case, Motorola targeted people living in rural areas whereby, supply of electricity is minimal (Prahalad, 2004). The phone could stay for long periods of time, as the cells were made to have this needed feature. In turn, people who have this phone and are living in the rural areas can communicate with others. The latter is especially beneficial for farmers and business people living in the rural areas. It makes it easy to order for products and even sell farm products easily. When such activities take place, the economy of a country improves as it earns a lot of revenue from the dealings.

It is not proper to claim that when companies are making profits they are squeezing off the poor people. The aim of any business venture is meant to make profits if it does not do so then it loses its purpose. People at the bottom of the pyramid are consumers who need products just like those with high disposable income (Kotler, & Lee, 2009). In order for any economy to be successful, everyone should be able to offer products. Demand is a contributing factor towards improvement and economic growth prosperity. Companies often know what consumers with little disposable income earn, and thus create services and products, which suit them. An example is whereby Nestle introduced new ice cream flavors in China. It included flavors such as green tea and red bean, which are common flavors in the country’s cuisine. Nestle knew what its lower bracket income earners needed and took advantage and made the products available. In turn, the introduction of new products into a market stimulates the growth of the economy (Prahalad, 2004).

In conclusion, in order for a company to be successful while marketing to people at the bottom of the pyramid, some issues must be addressed. Chose a target market and find out what they need most. Afterwards, develop a product, which can be afforded by them and market the product through easily accessible channels. The government should be involved in this matter so that it can cut down taxes. This will be a sure way of ensuring that people with little disposable income buy affordable products. At the same, the economy of a country grows significantly.

Work Cited

Prahalad, C.K. (2004). The fortune at the bottom of the pyramid. Philadelphia: Wharton School Publishing.

Kotler, Philip. & Lee, Nancy. (2009). Up and Out of Poverty: The Social Marketing Solution. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall.

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Misconception about immigrants

Introduction

Immigration to the US has been occurring from the before Columbus visited America. The period following the discovery of the new world led to a huge influx of Europeans to America. Africans were involuntarily brought to America to work in plantations. Over the centuries, the immigration rules were altered to achieve particular goals. At one time the Chinese were excluded from migrating to the US. The number of migrants moving to the US has dwindled over time due to the increasing restrictions to migrants. The concepts about immigrants have varied. The immigrants may sometimes be strongly opposed for various reasons while on other occasions they are warmly welcomed.

Thesis statement: this paper will focus on elaborating on the misconcepts about immigrants and immigration. The paper will point out the various myths and also the discuss the facts. Hence, the reader will understand and separate facts from myths.

Review of myths

Most immigrants are in the country illegally.

There is no argument that there is a significant number of undocumented immigrants in the country. this has created the notion that most immigrants are in the country illegally. However, of the more than 43 million forgeiners in the country about 44% of them were naturalized citizens. A further number were lawful permanent citizens. Thus only a small number of persons were in the country illegally. On the other hand, Canada has the highest number of persons that do not leave the country once their visas expire.

Immigrants take jobs meant for US citizens

Across all occupations and industries naturally born Americans hugely outnumber naturalized citizens as well as permanent citizens. Hence, native Americans get the lion share of the jobs available in the country. native Americans get best education hence avoid low-paying jobs which are targeted by immigrants.

Low-skilled jobs often hire undocumented immigrants and exploit them for cheap labour. The Americans reap the benefits by buying cheap food that is produced from immigrant labor.

The wickedest persons from many countries come to the country and are guilty for the crimes and violence.

Immigrants have to pass the rigorous process of recruiting. The process filters out potential criminals. Immigrants come to the country to work, unite with household members or to escape a unsafe condition. Immigrants are less probable to do grave wrongdoings than native-born residents.

Immigrants do not pay taxes and burden the economy.

There are various ways through which residents pay taxes. Immigrants must use taxable good such as gas and hence pay their taxes. The contribution is significant. Immigrants give a projected $11.74 billion in national and local taxes every year. Yet, the immigrants cannot be able to reap all the benefits of the taxes they pay until they become full-fledged citizens.

Prohibiting immigrants and refugees from common Muslim nations will safeguard the US from terrorists.

President Trump issued an executive order in 2017 that blocked the entry of muslims from entering the country for 90 days. However, the country has majorly been safe from extremists for a long time. Furthermore, citizens from such countries go through thorough screening before getting a chance to enter the country.

Recommendations

Immigrants should leave the country immediately when their visas expire.

The public should be educated about the reaps brought by immigration.

The immigration officials should keep stringent details of all immigrants and follow them up.

Conclusion

There are several misconceptions that have developed in the country over the years. The country should develop policies to accommodate foreigners. The naturalization process should be made easy and smooth to decrease the number of illegal immigrants in the US.

References

Chomsky, A. (2018). ” They take our jobs!”: and 20 other myths about immigration. Beacon Press.

Cole, D. (2019). Five myths about immigration. Race And Ethnic Conflict: Contending Views On Prejudice, Discrimination, And Ethnoviolence, 257.

Fairlie, R. W., & Lofstrom, M. (2015). Immigration and entrepreneurship. In Handbook of the economics of international migration (Vol. 1, pp. 877-911). North-Holland.

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Miriam Zoila Pérez: How racism harms pregnant women and what can help

Miriam Zoila Pérez, a woman from San Francisco, California, speaks about stress and its effects on a growing fetus. Her anxiety was immediately apparent; she said that her heart was pounding, her hands were clammy, she was sweating, and her breath was slightly shallow (Pérez). Although all of her nerve and stress symptoms are natural, she went on to say that prolonged exposure to them would make you sick. I was completely taken aback after seeing the Ted Talk. I had no idea that stress could cause so many complications during pregnancy. ‘Stress during pregnancy can prematurely cause the body to begin working, as stress demonstrates that the womb is not a healthy place for the fetus,’ according to Pérez. “Pain during pregnancy is linked to a variety of other health conditions, including high blood pressure which low birth weight, and may cause a number of health complications, making birth significantly riskier for both parents and infants,” she continues.

Data suggests that individuals with more prejudicial conditions are more likely to have poor health, according to Pérez. It’s tearing my heart apart. Discrimination against an individual for any cause is never acceptable. Every woman is entitled to happiness and safety, as well as the opportunity to give birth to a happy and healthy child. Unfortunately, as shown by the Ted Talk, this is not the case. “Black women are four times more likely than white women to die during pregnancy and childbirth,” according to Perez. “Black women are twice as likely as white women to die within their first year of life, and they are twice as likely to be born too small two to three times as frequently, both indicators of poor development,” she said.

Works Cited

Pérez, Miriam Z. “How Racism Harms Pregnant Women — and What Can Help.” TED: Ideas Worth Spreading, www.ted.com/talks/miriam_zoila_perez_how_racism_harms_pregnant_women_and_what_can_help.

Misleading News Source

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Misleading News Source

News networks are the closest and easiest way that the public often gets access to information. It is through the news network that we are able to know what is happening around the globe, the government projects. Aside from reporting what is happening, the media is an important tool in helping keep the check and balances of the government. When people news articles 90% of the population will often believe in the news piece. This is because most have put their trust to the journalist to get all the information out there, verify it before printing it. However, in the recent years especially in the 21st century there has been an increase in the number of news that are not entirely true. The sad part is some of these news sources come from reliable news networks such as the CNN or the Network times. When such mistakes are made, the public is left wondering how could such news article undergo approval from the editorial team to printing.

ABC News fell victim of reporting false news. In 2017, one of the ABC reporters reported that Michael Flynn who was a former White House official who had pleaded guilty to lying to the FBI officials would testify against president Trump on the issue of Russia. NBC wrote a news article that cited a single anonymous source saying that Flynn would testify that he had made offers to the Russian ambassador to Trump while the presidential campaigns were underway. However, the network would later backtrack stating that Flynn worked on Trump’s orders to approach the Russians but it was after the election and the meeting was to repair the United States and Russian ties as well as to come up with ways in which the two countries would be able to fight ISIS (David, 2017). By the time the correction was being made, the damage had already been done. There was scare that the stock would crash and people were also getting worked up that President Trump had colluded with Russian government to sabotage the election.

During the 2016 presidential election, there were unfounded reports that were going around on President trump and coalition with the Russians. The CNN run a story that linked one close ally to President Trump Anthony Scaramucci who was a Wall Street Financier had met with people who were close to the President of Russia Vladimir Putin. The publication had been made from a single anonymous source. However, later CNN retracted this news piece stating that it had not gone through the right triad before it was published thus they could not stand by it and they also did offer a public apology to Scaramucci. What shocked many was that the three news journalist who have a good track record on doing investigative piece resigned. The damage had already been done and the information was out there to the public (Farhi, 2017).

Daily Mail which was once a reputable news source in the recent past has been found offering apologies for misleading news articles. In 2019, Daily Mail was forced to ask for an apology for his misleading news on a town in France. According to Daily Mail they claimed that there were 300,000 illegal immigrants that were living in Saint-Denis which was a neighborhood in Paris (Shortlist Team, 2019). The article attributed the increase in crime in the area to the illegal immigrants. The population of the entire area was 110, 000 thus when Daily Mail stated 300,000 Muslim immigrants it was already wrong. The article also talked of Sharia laws yet no Sharia or religious courts exist in France. For getting these facts wrong, the Mail offered an apology.

When it comes to reporting of news stories that are false, the public do not seem to judge harshly these news centers and that is why most continue giving out information that is half-baked. Most people often do not really want to substantiate the information that they have been given if it is right or wrong. This however can be explained with Plato’s view oh half-truth. According to Plato, the citizens needed to only know what would be necessary for their lives. During the presidential campaign, what the two parties did would matter so much to the voters and this is why any information that was related to an election campaign would be picked up so fast and when the people realize that the information they had was wrong, most did not take any action against the news network despite the irresponsibility.

Martha Stewart had built a name for herself as a reputable businesswoman. However, in 2001, she sold her stock for a Biotechnology company and immediately after selling her stock the next day the stock value of the company came crumbling down. With this incident she was accused of insider trading although this became hard for the law enforcers to establish. Martha Stewart eventually was charged for lying to the police officers and obstruction of justice into the case. Many tabloids ran the story of how a once loved face of America was now facing trial with others actually stating that her show may never pick up which eventually afterwards picked up and got good ratings despite the case. Standards are held high for celebrities. When most of this celebrities make mistake even before they are found guilty most already conclude that they are guilty. Most forget that most of these celebrities are humans and at times to error is human. The same way we are unforgiving to most celebrities we should also be unforgiving to news networks for feeding us information that is half-truth.

In conclusion, news network often seems to get away with reporting of information that may not be accurate. Back in the days, the standards of journalism were not as they were now. The journalist did their research and before a news piece was published or reported all the facts had to be checked to ensure that they were correct. Nowadays this does not seem the case and the sad part is with technology even misleading news information can be picked up and information spread like wildfire.

References

David, J. E. (2017, December 2). ABC News clarifies, then corrects its bombshell report of Michael Flynn’s discussions with Russia. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/12/01/abc-news-issues-corrects-bombshell-michael-flynn-report.htmlFarhi, P. (2017, June 27). CNN’s Russia story debacle came at the worst possible time for the network. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/cnns-russia-story-debacle-came-at-the-worst-possible-time-for-the-network/2017/06/27/8eb23616-5b3d-11e7-a9f6-7c3296387341_story.htmlShortlist Team. (2019, February 6). The Daily Mail forced to issue humiliating apology for misleading Paris article. Retrieved from https://www.shortlist.com/news/daily-mail-apology-misleading-paris-article

Khilauna Inspirations: Marketing Plan

© Texas Southern University

2011

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Khilauna Inspirations is a start-up company with intentions to bring diversity, self-confidence and achievement into young girls’ lives. Our focus is to design an Indian Barbie doll, in accordance with the Indian culture, but a doll that will add significant symbolizing attributes to bring empowerment to young girls. Khilauna Inspirations targets local Indian markets in cities such as Bombay and Calcutta. A recognizable, Indian-designed Barbie doll for children is an unmet need in this country===HANSEN COMMENT, NOT QUITE —WHAT WAS THE UNMET NEED?. SELF-ESTEEM? Currently the American Barbie doll is not popular in India because of parent’s lack of recognition with the tradition of Barbie. Hence creating an Indian Barbie doll that embodies Indian culture will become a must-have for little girls.

Factors that affect the purchase decision would be availability and consumer perceptions on whether the doll is a respectful resemblance of a traditional Indian woman. Currently these types of products are increasingly becoming important and the attitudes toward them are positive. Higher disposable incomes, the development of modern urban lifestyles and an increase in consumer awareness have affected buyer behavior in cities, towns and even rural areas.

The Indian toy industry is estimated at about 850 million US dollars and until now has generated only 0.5% of the global market. The growth of around 15% promises to raise this figure rapidly, especially in the context of the growing middle class and the increasing willingness to spend money on luxury goods. India itself has more than 800 toy manufacturers, exporters, and suppliers, which means that 60% of the market is handled by Indian manufacturers and foreign companies with subsidiaries in India.

(HANSEN COMMENT: THEY NEED TO PUT SOMETHING IN HERE ABOUT THEIR EXPECTED SALES AND PROFITS)

Brief Table of Contents

I. Environmental Analysis: General External Conditions4

2.0 Market Analysis6

3.0 S.W.O.T. Analysis9

4.0 Marketing Objectives10

5.0 Marketing Strategies11

6.0 Sales and Distribution Strategy12

7.0. Marketing Implementation13

8.0 Evaluation and Control14

9.0 Financials 15

10.0 Selected References16

1.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: GENERAL EXTERNAL CONDITIONS

Economic Factors

The Indian market is very large with its one and a half billion plus population. It presents lucrative and diverse opportunities for U.S. exporters with the right products, services, and commitment.  India’s requirements for equipment and services for major sectors such as energy, environmental, healthcare, high-tech, infrastructure, transportation, and defense will exceed tens of billions of dollars in the mid-term as the Indian economy further globalizes and expands.  India’s GDP, growing at 6.7% (for 2008-09), makes it one of the fastest growing economies in the world and the second fastest in Asia.  India has potential for a sustained growth of 8-10% for the next couple of years. India has a large pool of skilled workers, a rapidly growing middle class with a desire to consume. The country also has a rich natural resource base, which includes coal, iron, water, limestone, and granite. Now is the time for U.S. companies to enter the rising Indian market. The type of economy is a former socialist economy; India is now a free-market economy since circa 1990. International competition and foreign investment were key factors leading to the demise of the socialist economy, and growth of the free market it is today.

Trade Factors

India’s top 10 major trading partners not included in a PTA consist of China, USA, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Germany, Singapore, UK, Belgium, Hong Kong, and Netherland. India does most of their trade within the Commonwealth. SAFTA is the primary PTA with India. India being an agriculturally rich company have a high export volume with the following resources/products; meat and fish products, rock salt, chemicals, leather, wool, newsprint paper, oils, and wood. Naturally they import many technologically advance goods including machinery, and electronics.

Cultural Factors

India is a high context culture where less information is contained in the verbal part of a message. A person’s word is his or her bond. Trust is ranked above statistics and empirical data when making business deals. There is less need to anticipate contingencies and provide for external legal sanctions; this is because the culture emphasizes obligations and trust as important values. As far as family relations, Indians are very family oriented; they respect family values and commit to family above their individual needs. As far as work ethic, the main reason Indians go to work is to meet and support the needs of their family (they are not money hungry). Education in India is very expensive; a public grade school, with a system that is not so good, is about $658.690 to $1, 536.94 per annum. A more exclusive school has a tuition fee of $1,976.07 to $4,391.27 a year.

1.4 Legal Factors

The Indian government has come to realize that a strong legal framework coupled with an effective implementation structure will help the country have a strong system of intellectual property protection. There are laws but the protection is limited, which may be a problem for our product. Particular for our intended product-market, this will pose substantial concern and we must assume the projected liability and risk going into this sector. Corruption practice affects India’s regulatory concerns, which has prompted a global economic slowdown. This relates to foreign business on a large scale, because if they can bypass official paperwork and taxation laws through bribery, it makes it unfair for other business entering the market, as well as consumers of the products they offer.

2.0 MARKET ANALYSIS

Description of Customer Needs:

India 1 (Consumers) – Largest Value Consumer baseConsumers living in the top 30 cities of the country, with household income exceeding Rs. 35,000 per month ($700). Post-graduates or professional graduates, businessmen, self-employed (CAs, doctors, architects etc.), and executives own major white goods like refrigerator, washing machines, TV and a Car. They are at par with the developed world’s consumers in terms of tastes, preferences and propensity to spend.

India 2 (Climbers) – Largest Volume Consumer baseConsumers living in Indian towns having a population of 20,000 and above; with a household income between Rs. 15000 and Rs. 35000 per month ($200 to 600); This includes graduates, white/blue collared workers, small businessmen, traders, and self- employed. They would own any two of the three major white goods – refrigerator, washing machine and TV. The major competing firm for us would be Mattel who currently has operations in India but lack the proper marketing and creative channels to make their Barbie a success.

Competitive Analysis:Some of the competitors our company faces are with popular Mattel Inc. products such as the Princess line from Disney, Mattel Inc., is the world’s biggest toymaker; and inventor of the Barbie Doll. The name of our company is Khilauna Inspiration’s (toy inspirations). We are located in Houston Texas and our business it to create toys that inspire. Kanya Mira is our core product; she is a young Indian woman who was recently engaged and is planning her extravagant wedding. Her detailed “story” (childhood-now) is written on the back of every box sold. This way children will be able to relate to her on a more realistic basis. She can become not only a figment of one’s imagination; but also a new family member with a past, present, and future.

Current customers and target market segmentsBarbie’s target market measurement of a Mattel’s marketing strategy is its ability to impact and improve upon each feature of that strategy. Mattel’s hope is to achieve a long and prosperous relationship with its customer. They must identify certain customers using a marketing mix and implementing the strategies and goals outlined.

Rank competitors by market share in relevant target segmentsLeading the pack Mattel Inc. Barbie’s share of the fashion doll market has shrunk from 75% in 2000 to roughly 60% today. Worldwide sales of Bratz reached $700 million last year—growing more than 45% over the previous 12 months, while sales of Barbie have stagnated.

Based on Nasdaq Mattel’s current stock price is MAT 25.37-0.27 -1.05%

Another competitor that our company faces is the new found BRATZ market share. It rose to 38.2%, up dramatically from 14.6% for the same period last year. The nearest competitor to BRATZ lost significant ground with their market share dropping to 46.1%, down from 69.9% for the same period last year.

Discuss each competitor’s strengths

One of Mattel’s most important strengths is the history that it has behind their company 60 years of rapport with consumers.

Mattel is at the forefront of the toy industry.

Mattel has staying power when facing new competition.

The brand remains very popular among customers.

Weaknesses

Not been able to penetrate the Indian market well

Keep the same product line when selling Internationally (standardization)

Core product (Barbie) had a significant drop in popularity. (No longer listed in the top 5 selling dolls)

Future competitive threatsThe most notable threat in the domestic market is the systematic movement away from tangible toys, which account for a majority of Mattel’s core products, at an earlier age. Children are adopting more interactive and electronic toys earlier in age today, eroding Mattel’s primary market of children under the age of 10. This has already forced Mattel to enter, and may force Mattel to further their involvement in the technological realm, a product category in which the firm has performed very poorly.

The final issue Mattel must address is that of selling in foreign markets. An important aspect of going global is being able to adapt to different cultures and to break down cultural barriers. Mattel has done a little bit of this with the changing of the product packaging, and some of their Barbie lines. However, there are still some countries that are boycotting Mattel because they are offended by some of their products that are being sold.

Supplier and Distributor Network/Situation:Our product will be sold in India’s most popular toy store Hamley’s, which will be via an indirect distributor. Also, to ensure that Kanya Mira is available to every child that dreams of owning her, she will be sold online so that she is available directly to the customer.

Our product, The Princess Bride “Kanya” will be positioned as a role model for young girls who desire to go beyond the expectations others have set for her. She wants to be successful, educated and powerful while being an example to other young girls. This is what differentiates Kanya from any other “Barbie’s” being sold in India. There is a lack of inspiration for tweens in India and our goal as a company is to fill that void while remaining in the boundaries of India’s culture and religion. We also feel that remaining in these boundaries will help maintain good relationships with our distributor as well as the retailer.

The purchase processThe distributor’s purchase will be based solely on the demand of Kanya in India. We anticipate that our doll, The Princess Bride will be sold heavily in the toy store, therefore creating a large demand. India has the youngest demographic profile among the world’s large nations. More than half the population is younger than25. The number of young people younger than 14 is greater than the entire US population. 42% of India’s population is below the international poverty line of U.S $1.25 per day, leaving 58% of the population above the poverty line. That is our primary target demographic.

Market Demand:

Overall market

The current size of the overall foreign toy market in India is (833 million) dollars per year, roughly 35 billion R’s.

Individual Market

The current size of our market is children living in tier 1 and tier 2 cities in India that range from ages 3-12; whose family make over 40,000 R’s per year. Based on our research, there are 38 million people living in these two tiers, and an average of 3.1 children per family. This data makes our target market approximately 2.4 million.

The potential size of our market is greater than 2.4 million, because although tier 1 and tier 2 cities have majority of the nation’s wealth, there are families located outside of the aforementioned tiers that make well over 40,000 R’s per year. For this reason we have estimated our potential market size to be around 4 million.

The actual penetration of current products within our market is as follows; Mattel owns a 26% Market share, and Funskool has a 30% market share. They produce dolls sold to young Indian girls, but they are all the same dolls sold to young American girls. This makes our penetration of current product zero, because no American doll is comparable to Kanya Mira.

Usage Rates

The average Indian child spends only $5 US dollars on a toy in India, while the average American child spends $281 dollars on a toy in the US. This tells us that based on the family incomes in India the purchase of toys is very infrequent. By an estimate less than 5 times a year.

3.0 SWOT ANALYSIS

Strengths:

At this time, our company does not have any recordable strength; other than the talents we have acquired through employees internally.

Weaknesses:

The first weakness is the high barriers to entry, as you can see from our research dolls are expensive. The U.S. created “Barbie” sells anywhere from $17.00- to 25.00. The average Indian child only spends $5.00 on any toy. This poses another weakness; our company will be forced to do business with manufacturers in China to reduce our retail costs.

Opportunities:

That may arise for our company includes expansion; we plan to manufacture several different versions of Kanya if she is successful. If we combat the odds and acquire a large market share, we may be offered a partnership with a large toy company already present in India.

Threat:

The main threat posed is that our competitors copy our “product” and takeover our market share.

We may not meet the required cultural requirements to entice the parents to purchase the doll.

4.0 MARKETING OBJECTIVES

Khilauna Inspirations plans to use the word of mouth strategy as our main marketing vehicle through the use of online toy stores, our website traffic, and being sold at local Indian toy store Beachland. We want to place billboards in the neighborhoods of our target market.

5.0 MARKETING STRATEGIES

5.1 Mission Statement

Khilauna Inspirations mission is to create a product that reflects uplifting leadership, poise, achievement, and triumph giving the female youth inspiration allowing them to rise to the occasion not allowing failure to outweigh their futures.

5.2 Target Markets

Primary

Middle class Indian families that comprise 30% of the overall country; Catering to the ages (3-12)

Secondary

Secondary market will constitute of the upper middle income throughout Indian that make up 15% of the overall country.

5.3 Product-Market Positioning

Kanya Mira will be a quality product that will provide quality results. Inspiring the middle youth teach values that will be instilled even as an adult. The dependability and benefits of the product should be enough to create demand within Indian. With inspirational values being our main focus, the youth of India will support the product. This will lead to a rise in the demand of dolls and thus more sales creating a popular following.

5.4 Marketing Mix

Product: Our product is a (n) inspirational doll geared to the young woman of the Indian people. Place: Our company is located in America catering to the youth of India.

Promotion: marketing to parents with young daughters embedding the idea to purchase a unique product that meets the traditional standards they want for their daughters Price: Kanya Mira will be sold for 55.28 rupees

6.0 SALES AND DISTRIBTION STRATEGY

6.1 Overview

Khilauna Inspirations will render services from Mulia Company Ltd. in Indonesia. Mulia has over 20 years expertise in their field. The company recently added plastic toys to their everyday manufacturing. By using Mulia, we will save a large percentage in our budget for manufacturing costs and using the remainder of the money set aside to have the product shipped to India. It will cost on average, $0.27 to make each doll. Each doll will be sold for $1.25 in US dollars and 55.28 in rupees.

6.2 Priority Actions

Control the safety quality of every toy batch; ensuring every child can have a safe toy for knowledge and joy while playing with Kanya Mira.

6.3 First Step

We will export the product by sea from Indonesia to India. The distance between the two countries is 3,391 miles.

6.4 Second Step

Mulia Company Ltd. will be the distributor to Beachland Toys, which is a local toy store in India. Our product, Kanya Mira will be available for everyday purchase at all Beachland toy stores in New Delhi, India. Also, in the near future, India will have several Hamley’s toy stores opening and we also plan for Kanya Mira to be available there as well.

7.0 MARKETING IMPLEMENTATION

7.1 Marketing Organization

The primary objective of our company is to develop and manage a cost-effective marketing, sales, and distribution Barbie doll in India. As stated earlier, our primary target will be middle class Indian households who have children between the ages 3-12. Cities like New Delhi has become a strategic investment destination in the region because its economy is one the growing economies in India. With consumer products such as toys being in demand in the New Delhi area our marketing plan for our product will lead to a successful venture.

7.2 Activities and Responsibilities

Khilauna Inspirations marketing implementation will be based on the following steps:

We will first conduct personal interviews with local Indian school children to get proper feedback concerning our ideas and attributes for the doll.

Develop a strategic partnership with Disney for exclusive licensing.

Assume all responsibility for marketing research information that will be communicated to all buyers based on production feedback from consumer use.

Advertise in local areas to support the community newspapers and utilize local distributors in product movement.

Establish and maintain a partnership with local Indian toy store Beachland to serve as the “Kanya” headquarters.

Establish new and build on existing contracts to improve the overall marketing strategies by feedback methods of products use through surveys and marketing analysis.

Remain competitive in market by reasonable sale price of product.

Train and educate distributors and maintain a commission structure that is comparable to ongoing markets.

8.0 EVALUATIONS AND CONTROL

8.1 Performance Standards

Sales averaging over 309,580 – 353,806 rupees the median income rate will indicate that Kanya Mira is willing not only generate profit but set the tone for the toy industry in Indian actually generating profits. It is estimated that the Indian toy industry volume is US $ 1 billion in the organized sector and about US$ 1.50 billion in the unorganized sector This standard is set forth in order to be realistic enough and allow room for error. With the generation of profits, will be able to keep supplying the product at a standard price with a guaranteed return. This will also mean that the strategies that the company is planning to implement are working in our favor.

8.2 Monitoring Procedures (Audits)

Khilauna Industries will employ Malik Wright; a CPA graduate from Howard University to audit our company, to make sure that our marketing money as well as advertising is being spent efficiently. Our company will also keep up with the sales of the Kanya Mira brand and make sure that Indonesian Manufacturer Company isn’t marketing its own brands throughout Indonesia. The results will be measured with the performance standards to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies implemented.

9.0 FINANCIALS

We found that the average price spent on any toy in India is $1.00. We know that Kanya Mira will serve her purpose in uplifting and inspiring the young Indian girls. We believe that the quality of the product we are offering is very high. Unlike several toys offered in India, Kanya Mira has wardrobe changes that cost us a base of $0.25. We will charge the children/families $0.75 for a brand new wardrobe for their doll. Kanya Mira will be sold for $1.25 in US dollars and 55.28 in rupees. If they pay the initial cost of $0.25 above average for the doll, it will be like they are getting a new toy every time they purchase a new wardrobe for her, and this will be less than the average toy cost. Kanya Mira will cost on average $0.27 per doll to make leaving us with a profit of $0.98 for each doll. A 20-foot container exports from Indonesia to India for approximately 500 U.S dollars. We can ship 1,156 dolls in each crate. To ship 20,000 dolls it will cost 10 million dollars, which exceeds our starting budget of 3 million. We will have to have a joint venture to share our cost.

10.0 References

The World Factbook: India. Last updated January 20, 2011

Heritage Foundation: 2011 Index of Economic Freedom. Promoting Economic Opportunity & Prosperity.

HYPERLINK “http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/post-pta-india-mercosur-trade-to-touch-10-bn/360072/”http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/post-pta-india-mercosur-trade-to-touch-10-bn/360072/

HYPERLINK “http://blogs.worldbank.org/eastasiapacific/papua-new-guinea-coffee-farmers-face-challenges-as-demand-for-crop-continues”http://blogs.worldbank.org/eastasiapacific/papua-new-guinea-coffee-farmers-face-challenges-as-demand-for-crop-continues

HYPERLINK “http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3454.htm”http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3454.htmHYPERLINK “http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3454.htm”http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3454.html

HYPERLINK “http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/difference-between-american-and-indian-culture/#ixzz1FEORQvtu” http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/difference-between-american-and-indian-culture/#ixzz1FEORQvtu

http://www.indiahorizonz.com/business-etiquette-for-india-a-primer/

http://www.suite101.com/content/india-imports-exports-2007-a60728#

http://www.economywatch.com/indianeconomy/export-import.html

(Name)

(Instructors’ name)

(Course)

(Date)

Mary Shelly’ Frankenstein

The great story of ‘Frankenstein’ by Mary Shelly is about the scientific works of Victor Frankenstein. A monster was created by him, through the use of body parts collected from dead human beings. In turn, the monster is not accepted by society, as it is considered as being an outcast. Frankenstein’s life was extremely miserable as most of his family was murdered by the monster and this includes his wife, friend and brother. The monster sort to seek revenge on Victor, as he had made his appearance scary and evil, thus not accepted in society. It seems that Victor was involved in his own experiments, not taking into account any ethical concerns. The result is that he ended creating a monster that would live a miserable life.

From this passage, it is evident that there is a theme, pursuing knowledge that is extremely dangerous. The latter, is the main theme in Mary Shelly’s novel. Secrets, which exist concerning the life of human beings, as well as the limit of human beings, are denied by Victor. Despite him being aware that it is not morally acceptable to bring life to the dead, he still continued to do so. On the other hand, the same pursuit of dangerous knowledge was seen in the expedition by Robert Walton. According to history, many other people had attempted to reach the North Pole and found it difficult, yet he insisted on doing so. It is extremely dangerous for people to pursue the impossible, as the results are detrimental. For example, the monster created by Victor, murdered people who were close to him. Fortunately, Walton escaped death after listening to Victor’s narration, and thus, his mission to the North Pole abandoned. The excessive thirst of knowledge by Victor is what leads to his downfall.

Business Concept Report

Student’s Name

Institution Affiliation

Course Name and Code

Professor’s Name

Date

Business Concept Report

Introduction

Blanding fresh juice creates an environment where customers can quench their thirst in a naturally fresh drink. As such, my business idea and plans get based on the extensive production of freshly blended fruit juice and online delivery of the product to the market. Therefore, the paper analyzes the business concept report by determining market needs, solutions, proposed business models, competitors, and market plans.

Brief Description of Business Concept

A business concept is construed as a system that describes and defines new business ideas on the business initiative to strategize the production of new products for the customers or create a new company. My business concept gets based on determining ways of online delivery of blended fruit juices to consumers. Online fruit juice delivery is embedded in the ability to focus on the ideas that constitute the business purpose (Talukder, 2019). As such, the concept offers a high-level and quick summary of the organization’s goals, objectives, and missions. Through business concepts, the company can quickly identify the challenges consumer experiences.

The Market Need

My business idea will fill the void in the marketplace by introducing technology to the market. My product will solve the challenge of the low production rate that most businesses have exhibited due to poor infrastructural development. The current business in my surrounding has not introduced artificial intelligence technology in production (Borodavko et al., 2021). As such, the business needs to formulate contemporary technology that will mitigate the detriment of slow production and ineffective communication.

My Solutions

Introducing technology in the production process will enhance effective communication between the employees and management and interaction between the business and the customers. It also creates a mechanism through which data storage systems get technologically improved. Artificial intelligence in production will create a market internationally due to the intensification of communication and order of goods and services through online channels (Borodavko et al., 2021). My products target technology-oriented youths and opt for fast production and delivery of fruit juices. Most importantly, I am the perfect person to introduce the use of technology, especially artificial intelligence, to target my computerized clients hence creating a channel of increased production of blended fruit juices.

My Proposed Business Model

My proposed business models are the direct sales model and the advertising-based model. Direct sales provide an opportunity to deal with the direct client by offering essential goods and services to their satisfaction (Guo & Jiang, 2020). Also, the advertisement-based business model encourages online advertisement through the use of social media technology to reach a large number of target customers. Implementing technological advertising using social media like Facebook and Twitter enables a comprehensive marketing model.

Unique Value Proposition

My product is different from other products because it provides a natural taste of fruits. The blended juice is obtained from natural fresh fruits. An individual would prefer to buy my product because I offer a variety of fruit juices according to the customer’s taste. Also, I employ the new technology by using the electric-driven blender to improve the quality and quality of juice production daily. Notably, the juices are sold at affordable prices, enabling the customers to quench their thirst at a practical cost (Shamsudin et al., 2020). Through the online initiative, I offer door-to-door delivery that gets charged at lower delivery rates.

Succinct Competitive Analysis

My major competitors in the market are Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and Nestle. The competitors provide the manufactured beverages that the clients consider fast food drinks. Majorly, Coca-Cola is vital in marketing because it is already established in global drinks. The weakness of the competitors entails the provision of manufactured beverages that are, to some extent, harmful to human health. Most importantly, the annual revenue of Coca-Cola is $36.59 Billion (Guo & Wen, 2021). In the United States., the market share of Coca-Cola is 43.7%. As such, I need to encourage an active marketing framework through innovative approaches in technology, production, and management to offer customers a variety of fresh fruit drinks to compete favorably with Coca-Cola.

Overview of My market Plan

My market will be critical to success by effectively identifying the target audience. After identifying the target audience, I will use the media mix optimization to target the audience on the ideal platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. My target audiences are workers in industries, youths, and students (Chambers, 2021). Through the generation of ads, the target customers will get informed through social media advertisements. Furthermore, social networking and the delivery of brochures physically to target consumers using the existing customers will promote business ideas.

Conclusion

Production and delivery of blended fresh juice is a business that requires a comprehensive analysis of the market and the use of contemporary technology in production and marketing. Analyzing the market entails determining the market needs and highlighting the solution to the business challenges. It also entails the determination of the practical business model for marketing and production, identifying the unique value proposition, overviewing the market plan, and competitive analysis.

References

Chambers, R. (2021). Social media marketing plan: developing an online brand persona. https://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/171631Shamsudin, R., Zulkifli, N. A., & Zaman, A. K. (2020). Quality attributes of fresh pineapple-mango juice blend during storage. International Food Research Journal, 27(1), 141-149. http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/37561/1/15%20-%20IFRJ17900.R1.pdfGuo, R., & Jiang, Z. (2020). Optimal Dynamic Advertising Policy Based on Generalized Advertising Gains. http://2021.cswimworkshop.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cswim2021_paper_56.pdfBorodavko, B., Illés, B., & Bányai, Á. (2021). Role of artificial intelligence in the supply chain. Academic Journal of Manufacturing Engineering, 19(1), 75-79. https://www.ajme.ro/PDF_AJME_2021_1/L11.pdfTalukder, S. (2019). Corporate identity design for Cafe Ava’s fruit juice and drinks. https://repository.au.edu/bitstream/handle/6623004553/24220/AU-Student-Report-Fulltext-24220.PDF?sequence=2Guo, X., & Wen, M. (2021, December). Research on Competitive Strategy of Coca-Cola Company. In 2021 3rd International Conference on Economic Management and Cultural Industry (ICEMCI 2021) (pp. 2879-2885). Atlantis Press. https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/icemci-21/125965872

Business Crime

Student’s Name

Institution Affiliation

Course Name and Code

Professor’s Name

Date

Business Crime

Question 1

When it comes to business crimes, employees and every individual who holds a managerial position within that business who is found engaging in any illegal activity or knew the illegal acts but did nothing about it can be found guilty of a crime. Usually, the criteria for establishing a criminal liability in business crime entails finding out who knew about the crime but did nothing about it, who authorized the criminal activities, or who failed to act rationally and justly (Jennings, 1).

An example of a business crime committed in the past two years is that of a New York man named Joshua Suarez. He was found guilty of supervising a massive wire fraud scheme that caused over $2 million in losses for the victims. The conspirators utilized several techniques, such as deceptively demanding to be the account holders and negotiating fake payments, to falsely persuade banks and business entities to release and send to them. In order to open bank accounts and launder the money, Suarez recruited and gave instructions to people. Suarez directed the withdrawal and transfer of money from the bank accounts after the fraudulently acquired amounts had been deposited there. In his case, 9 people were accused, 8 pleaded guilty, and 6 were sentenced. Other defendants were accused of several offenses, but these were only accusations; thus, they were assumed innocent until proven guilty. Besides the jail term, Suarez was penalized with 3 years of supervised release and was mandated to pay $504,164 in compensation by Judge McNulty (U.S. Department of Justice n.p).

Question 2

Regarding crime and privacy protection within a workplace, private employees have a reasonable privacy expectation because searches and seizures by supervisors or government employers are subject to the Fourth Amendment’s restraints (Determann and Robert, 987). On the other hand, public employees do not have a reasonable privacy expectation because a warrantless search may be considered reasonable and not considered a defilement of the Fourth Amendment (Determann and Robert, 988). The warrantless search is what violates the reasonable privacy expectation of these private employees.

In the US, the test for the tort of invasion of privacy is the “highly offensive test”. The US Restatement utilizes this test to serve as a restraining factor, which reflects the concern that the law of tort is not supposed to overly limit freedom of expression, which is safeguarded by the US constitution’s First Amendment (Giliker, 768).

Question 3

If the management’s primary goal is to ensure its employees are productive, they should be limited to monitoring the business property. Therefore, they should only monitor the computers, phones, and other equipment that belong to the company. This is because monitoring the personal computers and phones will invade the employees’ privacy. To ensure that only the organization’s computers and phones are monitored, the organization should advise employees to use only company equipment. This will protect the employees’ privacy and allow the management to monitor how employees are working. They will be able to monitor how employees work and identifies areas that require improvement. Consequently, this will increase employees’ productivity.

Sources:

Jennings, Marianne. (2022) Business: Its legal, ethical, and global environment (12th edition) Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

U.S. Department of Justice (2021). New York Man Sentenced To Six Years In Prison For Supervisory Role In Large-Scale Wire Fraud Conspiracy. https://www.justice.gov/usao-nj/pr/new-york-man-sentenced-six-years-prison-supervisory-role-large-scale-wire-fraud.Determann, Lothar, and Robert Sprague. (2011). Intrusive monitoring: Employee privacy expectations are reasonable in Europe, destroyed in the United States.Berkeley Tech. LJ 26,979-1034.Giliker, Paula. (2015). A Common Law Tort of Privacy?-The Challenges of Developing Human Rights Tort. Singapore Academy of Law Journal, 27, 761-788. https://journalsonline.academypublishing.org.sg/Journals/Singapore-Academy-of-Law-Journal-Special-Issue/e-Archive/ctl/eFirstSALPDFJournalView/mid/513/ArticleId/1070/Citation/JournalsOnlinePDF

Abstract and Detailed Outline of dissertation in improving logistic operations in the U.SPresented by

Institution

Abstract

Logistics in military involves generating, transporting, relocating or redeploying, and sustaining materials and personnel. The ability of United States to support this process depends on powers of its military. Effective logistics operations in the military make the country more flexible and gains advantage over other nations. The main objective of this research was to determine the role played by logistics in the U.S. Marine forces now and in the future. A successful logistics operation in the military requires qualified Logistics Marines who undergo massive recruitment exercise. The main issues that the study investigated are the cost of maintaining effective logistics, management of marine logistics, utilization of technology, and future recommendations. According to research by Ramey on the impact of logistics in U.S. Air force, availability of infrastructure provides a better avenue for the movement of goods and people in and from military bases. In addition, the study found out that more resources, in monetary forms, are needed to improve the state of infrastructure in military in days to come (Ramey, 1999).

The research was conducted in 4 marine bases in U.S. These were Barstow, CA, Bridgeport, CA, 29 Palms, CA, and San Diego, CA. The sample population for the research consisted of 100 participants, 25 from each marine base. Quantitative research methodology was used to collect data from the selected bases. Interviews were administered to participants followed by questionnaires. These two research instruments were thought to be most reliable because they allowed the researcher to yield consistent data and measure all variables (Phillips & Stawarski, 2008). Graphs and graphs were used to analyze collected data. These formed the best modes of interpreting useful information from the research that met the objectives.

The study found out that logistics play a major role in the military in U.S. U.S. military stands among the most advantageous militaries in the world because of high technology advancements. After analyzing the results, it was realized that technology played a key role in improving logistics in the U.S. marine bases. Bonds et al (2012) that formal networks within the military department play a major role in connecting various military centers across the country. In addition, the uses of informal networks such as social networks, online discussion groups, and chat rooms have the power of improving communication between soldiers. The following literature played a major role in establishing the main elements that would help U.S. marine improve their logistics. In addition, it was realized that military leaders who have established a foundation related to transportation, reallocation, sustainment, and redeployment of military forces experiences effective operations within their bases.

The study findings will play a major role in improving logistic operations in the U.S. technology forms the most important element in developing an effective logistics system in all sectors across the world (Rushton, Croucher & Baker, 2010). The research recommended that the nation should come up with a strategy of training logistics leaders in the military in order to come up with key competences that promote effectiveness. In addition, military logistics leaders should incorporate technology to facilitate improved logistic processes. Some of the recommended technology advancements included installation of high-speed communications, effective packaging techniques, up-to-date information system, and high-profile material-handling equipments. Finally, the study proposed a move by the government to purchase advanced space devices and tele-mechanisms for easier response to logistics processes.

Detailed outline

DECLARATION

ABSTRACT

ABBREVIATIONS

CHAPTER ONE: BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Purpose of the study

1.3 Statement of the problem

1.4 Objectives

1.5 Research questions

1.6 Assumptions

1.7 Significance of the study

1.8 Justification

1.9 Scope of the study

1.10 Limitations of the study

1.11 Delimitation of the study

1.14 Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW16

2.1 Impact of effective logistics in the military

2.2 Major improvements in military logistics today

2.3 How technology affects logistics

2.4 Military leaders and their contribution to logistics

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY

3.0 Introduction

3.1 Research design

3.2 Location of the study

3.3 Population of the study

3.4 Sampling procedure and sample size

3.5 Research instruments

3.6 Data collection procedure

3.7 Methods of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS

CHAPTER FIVE: CONLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

References

Bonds, T. M., Peters, J.E., Daehner, E. M. et al,. (2012). Army Network-Enabled Operations

Expectations, Performance, and Opportunities for Future Improvements. RANDACorporation. Retrieved from:

http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG788.html

Phillips, P. P., & Stawarski, C. A. (2008). Data collection: Planning for and collecting all types

of data. San Francisco: Pfeiffer.

Ramey, T. (1999). Lean Logistics High-Velocity Logistics Infrastructure and the C-5 Galaxy.

RAND Corporation. Retrieved from:

http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR581.html

Rushton, A., Croucher, P., & Baker, P. (2010). The Handbook of Logistics and Distribution

Management. London: Kogan Page.