Category: Uncategorized

Business Communication

(Author’s name)

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Introduction

For an interview to be considered successful, it has to combine two essential factors, science and art. It has been indicated that the art part of the interview becomes apparent through the application of some mastery in communication skills that enables a candidate to communicate or express their information, experience, and backgrounds in the most appropriate manner. Science, on the other hand, becomes obvious in an interview when the interviewer shows they have the awareness and the skill to appreciate the communication process applied by both the candidates and fellow interviewees. Science is also useful in an interview as it is the realm that supports the theory of appropriate communication skills applied in a business interview.

These arguments were expressed by the Chief Executive Officer of the company known as CCCP, or Collusion Commotion, Collaboration, and partners. The CEO, Lloyd Cole expressed these thoughts as a part of the ideas he wanted to pass across to the individual on whom the responsibility of preparing an interview outline was placed. The company was looking to expand its workforce by specifically hiring a number of individuals to fill various vacant positions in the company’s call centre network that was continuously expanding. After expressing the interests of the company, the CEO indicated that I was to prepare a report that outlined an extensive round of interviews that were to be used in selecting the appropriate candidates to fill in the vacant positions in the call centre.

Generally, this paper is going to summarize the contents of the report by outlining and explaining the importance of emotional intelligence in the process of interviewing. In addition to this, the paper is also going to outline and give reasons for the type of approach that is going to be adapted in the interview, as well as, providing several recommendations as to how the outlined interview plan might be implemented.

Job interviews can be challenging for both the interviewers and the candidates. The experience can be made more interesting and less threatening with prior planning and preparation of the interview questions and answers, and with prior practice of the appropriate techniques in communication. The interview and the selection of the appropriate or the right candidates are the most essential parts of the interview. This is because the successful selection and interviewing of the right people is critical for the success and the excellence of every organization or team. The interview process is usually costly for the employers and for the potential employees especially in terms of time and resources. As it follows, it must be ensured that the process of interview goes as expected and as planned to minimize the occurrence of any loses to time and resources. Just the same, it is essential to ensure that the interview process is efficient enough to appoint an appropriate candidate for the appropriate position. A job interview then must be treated as a valuable opportunity for both the employer and the potential employee to know each other and learn about each other.

Learning more about the experiences, the backgrounds, achievements, strengths, and weaknesses of a candidate enables the employer to predict or determine more accurately whether the candidate will be able to perform as required in the filled position. Just as well, potential employees have the right to find more about their potential employers and about the job and the positions they are being interviewed for. As already indicated, both the employer and the candidates can get more from the interview when the interview has been planned for in advance by focusing on the questions that might lead the employer to know more about the candidates, as well as, by focusing on the questions and answers that might lead the potential employees to know their employer.

The only way through which an employer and a potential employee can get to know each other well is through good communication. It has been widely argued that effective communication skills are essential in helping people understand each other, a situation, or to enable individuals resolve differences, create respect and trust, build environments that are conducive for creativity, and for solving of problems. Though communication might seem easy at times, many individuals still experience trouble while trying to successfully communicate with each other. At times, a lot of what individuals might say or communicate across to others might be misunderstood, and at tomes other individuals might overlook what has been communicated to them. Such challenges and issues arising from communication can result to a number of problems. For example misunderstanding can cause individuals to be in conflict with each other or to feel frustrated because they do not understand each other.

Fortunately, it is possible for one to learn and adapt effective and efficient communication skills. It is essential for one to realize that communication skills are critical in interviews, and as a result, both the interviewee and the interviewer must possess and learn to listen carefully and well, recognize and understand communication signals that are nonverbal, manage stress well, and to keep in contact with their emotions. In today’s age, effective communication is defined and governed by the huge amount of information individuals have to send, process, and receive. However, effective communication is not only defined by this large amount of information but also by one’s ability to understand and recognize the emotions that each piece of information comes with. Understanding and learning this kind of communication can make and improve relations at home and at work by deepening the existing connections with each other and by improving decision- making, teamwork, and problem solving. Effective communication, therefore, must combine a number of skills like communication that is non- verbal, listening that is attentive, the ability to deal with and manage stress, and the capability for one to be able to identify their emotions, as well as, those of the individuals they communicate with.

Emotional intelligence has been closely related to effective communication by a number of individuals. For example, Judith Dwyer, an established business author indicates that business strategies and business communication cannot be treated as independent entities from emotional intelligence. In her book Communication in business: strategies and skills, she outlines a number of communications skills and principles, that she argues, can be applied in a business environment. In the book’s third chapter, the author looks at emotional intelligence and how the same can be applied in the business environment. She points out that the key role of emotional intelligence in a business environment is to foster some kind of emotional awareness in the concerned individual. She argues that positive and professional relationships are the foundations upon which successful organizations are built upon. She indicates that self awareness, the ability to acknowledge, accept and value diversity, and the possession of interpersonal skills in communication are the main pillars upon which emotional intelligence is based (Dwyer, 2008).

The author further argues that emotional intelligence has a big role in improving performance thorough building of successful relationships. Emotional intelligence can be highly useful in interviews. Emotional intelligence can be useful in business environments and in interviews because it shows how well an individual can relate with the others in a business environment. Most individuals know what makes up the appropriate behavior in a work environment, but in most cases, when things get out of hand and emotions run high even in the most polished business environment can lose their control. Emotional intelligence, therefore, or the ability of an individual to assess, perceive, deal, and manage emotions has become extremely necessary in most workplaces as it can be used by workers, and managers alike to communicate with each other effectively and efficiently, and to address and resolve conflicts and misunderstanding, thereby, improving and increasing the productivity of a workplace (Dwyer, 2008).

Emotional intelligence can be defined as the ability to identify and manage ones emotions positively, and in others. Some of the skills that one needs to become excellent in emotional intelligence have been identified as self- regulation, self- awareness, self- motivation, management of relationships and social awareness. An individual who possesses a number of these kills can be said to be emotionally intelligent, and in that case, can be said to be an effective communicator (Dwyer, 2008). During an interview, a potential employer must test the emotional intelligence of an individual. This is because emotional intelligence determines whether a person can control themselves in times of stress, whether they can relate with other people in a positive manner, whether they can manage stress in themselves and in their workmates, and whether they can be a part of a successful team or not. An individual who is emotionally intelligence is the best candidate for any position as they can enhance productivity of a company. An interviewer must, therefore, consider an individual who is emotionally intelligent as opposed to a candidate who is not.

There are a number of elements that an interviewer must include in the interview plan so for the purposes of coming up with the most successful and appropriate candidate. Before meeting the candidates and carrying out the interview, there are a number of areas that have to be looked into and planned before hand. These include; the job requirements, the information needed from the candidate to determine their success, the outline of the process of interviewing the candidates, a short summary of each candidate’s observations, scheduling of the actual interviews, notifying the candidates about the individuals, and reviewing the application of the candidate, their resume and other materials related to the interview.

The implementation of the planned process of interviewing the candidates comes after the planning and the outlining of the process. The selection process is the stage at which all the candidates are screened to make sure that only the most appropriate and qualified candidate is hired. The first step in this stage is reviewing all of the information each candidate provides including their resume, cover letter and application forms to determine which of the candidates are qualified to meet the qualifications the job requires. Those who do not congregate the least amount of credentials are not given any further consideration. However, those candidates who meet and even exceed the minimum qualifications of the job posting are considered and assessed to decide which ones are the most suitable for the position.

There are a numerous methods that can be used to select candidates for the available positions, the most common ones including an interview followed by a check of references. Other techniques that can be used to select candidates include work samples, oral presentations, aptitude tests, personality tests, and in basket exercises. Other additional selection methods can be used to further verify the candidates. When preparing for the interview, an interviewer must prepare a list of questions that will be utilized in the interview process. An interviewer must come up with key questions to determine the experience of the candidate, and their achievements. Follow- up questions must also be present. An interviewer can utilize a number of approaches and techniques so as to derive all the necessary information from the candidate, for example, by tailoring questions that can confirm a claim or open up a conversation.

When conducting the actual interviews, the interviewer must select and chose an environment that is conducive and appropriate and ensure that the interview will not be interrupted. The interviewer must also take the interview as a meeting with a business partner. The interviewer must also set the same questions for each candidate, as well as, the exact same time for the interview process. Ideally, an interviewer must not talk more than twenty percent of the time; they should let the candidate talk and access and analyze what they are saying.

Checking the references after the candidate has left is one of the main ways an employer can make sure that they are hiring the right candidate. Talking to the references allows a potential employer to ask and probe deeply about the experience and the abilities of the candidate. Reference checks are the best opportunities to make sure that the information that the interviewee provides in an interview is correct. An interviewer must also set up a number of interview questions for the reference. Finally, the interviewer should make the decision about which candidate is appropriate for the job. This can be done by evaluating the final interviewees against each other after their scores have been rated against the set criteria to make certain that the finest applicant for the job is chosen. The final decision about which candidate to choose is based on a number of factors. Some of these factors include such things as the candidate’s skills, the worker characteristics of the candidate, and the interviewee’s fit in the organization. After doing all of this, the employer must review all the notes he has made of the candidates and write up their final decision of the candidate they have chosen.

It is essential that an employer stores and keeps each selection and selection materials for all the candidates for not less than two years. It is critical that the employer makes their decision in a manner that is nondiscriminatory, and in compliance with the federal and provincial laws and the policies guiding the hiring process of the organization, and based on judgment that is sound, right and fair. After this, the employer should call up the candidate and make a job offer to them. In addition to this, the interviewer must also inform all of the other candidates that they were not successful in the interview. One can also offer to give the unsuccessful candidates a feedback that is constructive on the interview. After all this has been accomplished, the employer must confirm that they offered the candidate a job that they accepted in writing. One of the most common ways of doing this is through the drawing and signing of a contract. A contract is a written assurance that disputes and conflicts will not result from the agreement between the company and the new employee. There are different forms of written contracts; these include letters, formal agreements and even proposals.

Conclusion

Interviews are the main ways through which a potential employer can determine which candidate is appropriate for a certain position and which candidate is not. Interviews must be carried out following the appropriate method so as make the exercise cost effective, as well as, successful. Successful candidates must possess a number of skills, of which communication skills are the central. Effective communication has been indicated to be central to effective and successful business organizations as it builds team work and relationships that are indispensable in business. Emotional intelligence has been indicated to be a close associate of effective communication. A candidate who has been considered successful in an interview must be intelligent emotionally, as well. Emotional intelligent ensures that a candidate can relate with their work mates appropriately, and manage their emotions, and stress. Effective communication is also critical to successful interviews as it allows the involved parties to understand each other completely.

References

Dwyer, J. (2008). Communication in Business. (4th. ed.). Australia: Pearson Education.

Underlying Causes That Can Create a Serial Killer

Sayrey-Sothea El

University of Houston

Dr. Bravo

Abstract

Serial killing is, by definition, a type of crime that is perpetrated over a period of time and with multiple victims. This study wants to explore the many causes that may cause someone to kill others in such an extreme manner. The study will explore many of the theories proposed by those who have studied serial killers, looking for links between the factors that lead people towards this type of behavior. These causes will be looked at through the lens of Brenner’s theory of contingent learning as proposed by his work on sociopathy. This theory focuses on how some people are drawn to certain behaviors, such as serial killing, due to the reinforcement they get from doing these behaviors. The idea that some people kill simply because they enjoy it or because it is ingrained in them is unacceptable and must be addressed if we are ever to stop this cruel and unusual crime. Abuse can result in depression and a child’s self-esteem may be damaged, making him more likely to consider suicide. Abuse may also cause children to feel anger and rage later in life.

Underlying Causes That Can Create a Serial Killer

The history serial killing is a long and ever-evolving story, as many argue that there are as many different forms of serial killers as there are types of serial killers. Many argue that serial killers have the same underlying causes yet different methods, although this is not always true. Serial killing is the conscious act of killing three or more victims, within a relatively short period of time. In recent history, serial killings have become increasingly common and challenging to police. That is because there is no one defining motive for serial killers nor are they always convicted for their crimes.

This article looks at some of the underlying causes that lead to becoming a serial killer. These include both psychological and environmental factors in order to better understand how these individuals might develop into one of society’s most notorious criminals. In the past, serial killers were often derided as sociopaths. The main research design in this research study will be a qualitative research design. Serial killers are made, not born. They are created out of the interaction between their heredity and environment.

The significance of looking into the Underlying Causes That Can Create a Serial Killer is that by doing so, we are able to not only better understand how these killers are able to come to be but also, we can prevent such tragedies from happening in the future. One of the primary causes that is often cited as a factor in the development of a serial killer is mental illness, which therefore one may assume would lead to some type of strategy for prevention. It’s important to see what can help prevent them from reoccurring and how they might be able to be prevented. This article will discuss four possible underlying causes for Serial Killers: Sexual Abuse, Biological Causes, Mental Illness & Financial Abuse.

Literature Review

Serial killing or serial murder involves the murder of more than one person, usually with a “cooling off” period between the murders. These crimes usually have no apparent motive and involve strangers who are murdered over extended periods of time. The U.S. has a higher percentage of serial killers than any other country in the world, with nearly 25% of all serial killings worldwide taking place in America (Pace, 2019).

Based on FBI investigations, many serial killers suffer from a combination of personality disorders which are often inconspicuous. The three major categories of personality disorders include Paranoid, Schizoid, and Psychopathic. Many psychologists believe that serial killers fall into the last category. Psychopathy is a mental disorder in which a person has an antisocial, sadistic or psychopathic disposition with poor impulse control. A person who suffers from a form of psychopathy may display superficial charm and intelligence while hiding deep-rooted problems with their behavior and emotions. According to the FBI Behavioural Science Unit, serial killers have an innate ability to manipulate others, give them someone to talk to, and trust them with sensitive information.

Serial killing is one of the most complex and challenging forms of crime to investigate as there is rarely any forensic evidence left behind in cases that do not involve sexual assault or armed robbery; police rely heavily on knowledge about typical patterns to link cases together and identify likely suspects for questioning.

The standard theory is that serial killers share a long term obsession with violence, however few cases of serial homicide have been directly named as such, some of which include: John Reginald Halliday Christie (killed at least 12 people); Charlie Lyke (39 victims); Henry Lee Lucas and Ottis Toole (17 victims); Aileen Wuornos (7 victims) (Deepak & Ramdoss, 2021). Theories about the “Mackenzie painting” are based on the observation that all five of the known cases of serial homicide involve small town American males that were around 20-30 years old.

In the United States, there has been a slight increase in the number of serial killers since the mid-1990s. The increased publicity and media coverage of these cases may be responsible for this increase. Additionally, in areas that have experienced serial killings, such as the so-called ‘killing fields’ along Route 40 near Green River, Utah and Nevada, it has also become more likely that there will be a killer or killers available to police before any bodies are found.

The first notable US serial killer is usually considered to be H.H. Holmes, who killed 11 people over 18 months between 1896 and 1897 in Chicago. Holmes is also believed to have had a hand in the highly publicized murder of his own wife, who disappeared from the home the couple shared. Holmes was never tried for his crimes due to a hung jury, and later escaped from jail. He was eventually captured, confessed to his crimes and was hanged in Philadelphia on May 7, 1896.

The United States has produced many notable serial killers, including Richard Trenton Chase (“The Vampire of Sacramento”), David Berkowitz (“Son of Sam”), Patrick Kearney Mitchell (“The Milwaukee Monster”), Ted Bundy and Aileen Wuornos. Some killers have become infamous because of the gruesome circumstances of their crimes, the total number of victims, or the length of time during which they eluded capture. Others, such as those who have committed mass killings or those whose crimes have earned them a place in popular culture, are noted for their fame. Some serial killers have even been researched and written about to such an extent that they have become synonymous with murder itself. Theodore Robert Bundy is one example. He was a serial killer who was active in several states throughout the 1970s and confessed to killing thirty women. He once said that he could “go out and kill anybody between one day and six months from now.

One of the best-known cases involving a string of serial murders was that of Ed Gein. Gein was convicted and executed in 1957 for the murder of a total of two women and a teenage girl. He was known to have been obsessed with the concept of body parts, particularly skulls and femurs, which he would retain from his victims. Another local man, Driver Ed Kearney (a pharmacist) confessed to Gein that he had killed two women and an illegitimate son for insurance money, but later recanted the confession. Another man also confessed to killing several people in a similar way but later recanted as well.

Also of note is Ottis Toole who murdered five females in Florida between 1974-1976. Toole was a drifter who worked for victims and stole their money, jewelry, and personal effects. He kept the skull, skins, bones and hands of all five women. He was arrested in 1977 after police traced a stolen money order from one of his victims to his mother’s home in Fort Myers (Toates & Coschug-Toates, 2022)

Many serial killers move from area to area to find new victims. Some are quite organized in their efforts to find new victims or avoid being caught by the law. Some killers perform violent acts to attract their victims, while others choose a method of killing that is less personal. Most serial killers are male but women are also known to be serial killers and some have been sentenced to life in prison with no chance of parole. We know what causes a person to become a serial killer but how many of these individuals will commit serious violence and murder? It’s estimated that there are around 400-500 active serial killers in the United States alone and they kill approximately 3000 people every year (Call, 2019). This number is based on the FBI definition which is any person who has killed three or more people within a year or killed one victim up to four times during the same time frame.

Method

Participants

The main participants in this research were FBI personnel, police officers, psychologists and psychiatrists, convicted serial killers, and crime scene analysts. The research was largely based on a quantitative analysis of more than 400 serial killers who were active in the United States between 1800-2000. In addition, the FBI interviewed various incarcerated serial murderers in order to better understand what their motivations are and why they kill. The researchers sought to understand how these factors could be applied to unsolved cases that would have an impact on public safety. One such case involved Gary Ridgeway, also known as “The Green River Killer”, who was responsible for 49 killings throughout Washington state over a 20-year period. The primary research was conducted in Memphis, Tennessee as well as surrounding cities. There are numerous different theories on what could have been the motive behind the murders of so many boys at this time. One theory is that they were being killed to fulfill an order from a Satanic cult, similar to how girls were being sacrificed for the cult’s rituals in other cases. Another suggestion is that they were chosen from local hospitals because they don’t elicit any suspicion, unlike children who are often brought in for care or surgery.”

Design

The main research design in this research study was a qualitative research design. A qualitative research is a type of inquiry that seeks to provide in-depth understanding of the “whys” and “hows” behind something. It attempts to answer questions about why people do what they do or how a process works by examining the thoughts and words of subjects, rather than relying on statistical findings, surveys or experiments. Qualitative researchers are interested in figuring out what people’s lives are like, not developing generalizations, theories or predictions about them.

Through a Qualitative Research design, studying the motivations behind serial killing is accomplished through interviewing those engaged in the process of the killing. This type of study differs from other types, like quantitative research design in that it does not include all stages of a serial killing process but instead focuses on only one aspect: motivation. A qualitative study is important for this kind of research because interviewing people who are involved with or at least aware of what happens during a serial killing process can be beneficial in understanding different perspectives and motivations behind this type of crime.

A qualitative design also differs from another form, a mixed methods design, which combines data gathered through quantitative and qualitative research designs to produce information about the topic investigated as well as strengths and weakness that these two forms have to offer. Quantitative research design was also used to investigate the case of serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer (Cassady, 2015). The main purpose of this design was to look at the criminal conduct of Jeffrey Dahmer. This was accomplished using a quantitative design, being an analysis of the information provided by interviews and criminal records that indicated that he killed 17 young men between 1978 and 1991 (Cassady, 2015). Quantitative designs involve collecting data through statistical sampling or surveys that provide useful information to researchers without leaving much room for interpretation. A qualitative design, on the other hand, ensures that all important aspects are properly described in medical terms, with each being regarded as equally important from a medical point of view.

Procedure

The research procedure in this psychological research, is to develop the understanding of an issue that is related with serial killing. The research will be done by collecting and analysing information on serial killers’ background, behaviour, their own opinion on their actions and the reasons they do it. The procedure for collecting data involved in this research project is qualitative.

The research will be based on interviewing of two serial killers and their criminal background, behaviour and their opinion on the reason they committed these crimes. The data will be collected by using questionnaire, interview, observation and inspection. The interview conducted with the two serial killer involved in this research project is the focus of this paper because it will help to understand their criminal background, behaviour and opinions about why they commit these crimes. This paper used several sources for this paper such as newspaper articles, internet websites.

The participants in this research study were selected from the serial killer profiles on Caucasian living in Northeastern United States. The task was to conduct the study and to provide input about how the process of their crimes are defined, who they targeted, and how they carried these crimes out. In order to complete this project, each participant had to fill out a questionnaire that provided more information about them or their clients or criminals they have investigated as well as their background. Information from this research paper can be found in how serial killers select and target their victims, what type of victims attract serial killers, and how these people kill them using weapons or by strangulation or suffocation with objects such as bags or hands. There is also discussion on the different methods that are used in selecting potential victims.

Measures

Research measures involved survey questions and research questions. Researchers would ask convicted serial killers, FBI personnel, police officers, psychologists and psychiatrists, and crime scene analysts to complete surveys so they could access the thoughts of these murderers. The research involved studying the criminals’ life history, family background and childhood experiences, crime details and criminal behaviour, incarceration experiences and feelings about being a criminal. It also studied their views on victim selection, murder methods used and post-crime behaviours. We will have a close look at what can create a serial killer including their behaviors towards people who are not in their own group or of the same race as them. We will see how this is demonstrated through things like segregation from society due to mental illness or other factors that can contribute to someone’s view on the outside world based off of those that are different from them.

To enhance the validity and reliability of the standardized questionnaires, the interviewers ask the same questions from different killers to see if there are any discrepancies. For example, if a question asked is whether or not the killer feels remorse for what he/she has done and then another killer is asked the same question, it was found that all of them did not really regret their actions. In fact, when killers were asked about specifics in details about their crimes, researchers found that all of them do have a complete memory of their crimes. When serial killers are being interviewed during research and they are asked to describe their feelings as they committed their crime, they will describe feeling better after committing a murder.

The Hawley Stress Test

The Hawley Stress Test involves putting a person under extreme levels of stress to see how they react. That’s pretty much the only time, aside from an actual serial killer, when someone will experience this type of high-stress situation. It is named after Dr. Henry Hawley who developed it originally in the 1960s as an experimental test for patients, but was also used by law enforcement to catch serial killers because it can identify people with antisocial personality disorder or other features associated with psychopathy and narcissism who may not reveal their true nature during more routine psychological interviews.

The test consists of a number of simple questions, but with very unusual answers. For example, when you meet someone for the first time, you shake their hand. In this test, you would refuse to shake it. Any question involving basic human kindness or common courtesies is done in a way that is as unusual and socially inappropriate as possible. You don’t ask them if they’re married, you ask them if they have any friends. It’s meant to confuse, throw them off guard, and reveal what they really think and feel deep down instead of just giving the normal surface answer most people would give outside a laboratory testing environment.

Stress self-report

I experienced some stress through this psychological research on serial killing and found it really interesting. The study focused on stress and its effects on people, including those who commit horrible crimes for example. I studied through a lot of material around the topic to find some correlations with the different circumstances that might make someone a serial killer. For instance, if their dopamine is out of balance they are more likely to go into rage or anger when they are frustrated which then leads them to develop destructive tendencies. This is something that we need to know about as there are many lessons we can learn from this research in order to treat people with these conditions effectively, because it has been shown that psychopaths can be treated if the right treatment is taken at an early age before they have committed any crimes.

In addition, this psychological research study looked at the correlation between stress and serial killing. They found that people who experience higher levels of stress were more likely to commit serial killings. This is a good article because it gives you a lot of information about this specific topic, as well as some other articles on related topics.

Discussion

The main causes of serial killing are biological, social and psychological. Biological factors that cause serial killers include genetics, fetal alcohol syndrome, an injury to the frontal lobe or temporal lobe (which causes a lack of social or emotional empathy), and neurotransmitter imbalances. Social factors that contribute to serial killing are bullying and an over-emphasis on masculinity. Psychological causes of serial killers include narcissism and borderline personality disorder (Malizia, 2017).

Serial killers are made, not born. They are created out of the interaction between their heredity and environment. Genetic factors create an opening for serial killers to emerge. To illustrate, in lab cases, certain strains of rats were bred to be extremely violent. When placed in a cage with other rats, these violent strains would attack viciously and even eat the other rats.

On the other hand, some strains of rats were bred to be non-aggressive and did not hurt even when placed in a cage with extremely violent strains of rat. The process here is that if a genetic predisposition is there, then external influences such as family and peers can activate it. In humans, studies show that adopted children who were abused as children are far more likely to be submissive and passive. On the other hand, adopted children who were raised in healthy families are less likely to become abusers as adults. This shows that even if a person has an inclination toward violence (genetic predisposition), he or she can still be shaped by society into being a non-violent individual (incapable of becoming a serial killer). The influence of genetics is undeniable. In a multiple murder case in California, the murderer was convicted because of DNA testing and stated that he had been thinking about his crimes for decades but never acted on them until he turned fifty (Malizia, 2017).

In the past, serial killers were often derided as sociopaths. However, research has shown that the majority (approximately 70 percent) of those who have murdered multiple times had a normal childhood and only slowly descended into a life of bloodshed (Malizia, 2017). The number of psychopaths who have murdered only one person is unknown.

While not all serial killers are mentally ill, some psychiatric diagnoses have been given to at least some serial killer offenders. A diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder has been asserted by several psychiatrists to apply to at least one serial killer (Ted Bundy). Borderline personality disorder has been asserted by some psychiatrists to apply to at least one serial killer (Andrei Chikatilo). Narcissism has been alleged to apply to at least one serial killer (John Wayne Gacy). Two murderers who were diagnosed as paranoid schizophrenics were hospitalized. However, this may have been due to their characteristic erratic behavior and delusional mental state rather than a symptom of their illness.

Although there is no consensus as to whether or not childhood trauma increases the likelihood of murder, it is widely believed that that childhood abuse can increase aggression, violence and aggression in general. Child abuse can cause a child’s self-esteem to plummet, making him more vulnerable to being mistreated (Booth, 2021). Abuse can result in depression and a child’s self-esteem may be damaged, making him more likely to consider suicide. Abuse may also cause children to feel anger and rage later in life. A child who is abused may learn that violence is an effective way to solve problems. Physical abuse by parents or other caregivers is considered the most common type of childhood abuse, but sexual and emotional abuse are also common perpetrators of childhood abuse (Booth, 2021).

Childhood trauma usually begins before the age of three and can include physical abuse, sexual or emotional neglect, or witnessing domestic violence and domestic partner homicide. The trauma is most often caused by high levels of family chaos with frequent changes in caregiver roles or being born into a single parent family. Childhood sexual and physical abuse is estimated to be roughly equal in prevalence at a rate of about 10% of children (Smith, 2018).

In the United States, one in six girls and one in nine boys are sexually abused before the age of 18. The frequency of childhood sexual abuse varies significantly across different ethnic groups according to race/ethnicity. The highest rates are among Native American (42%), Hispanic (28%) and African American (15%) children compared to European American (9%), Asian American (5%) and Pacific Islander (1%) children (Smith, 2018).

References

Call, C. (2019). Serial entertainment: A content analysis of 35 years of serial murder in film. Homicide studies, 23(4), 362-380.

Toates, F., & Coschug-Toates, O. (2022). Understanding Sexual Serial Killing. Cambridge University Press.

Deepak, S. A., & Ramdoss, S. (2021). The life-course theory of serial killing: A motivation model. International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 65(13-14), 1446-1472.

Pace, A. N. (2019). Serial killers in popular media: A content analysis of sensationalism and support for capital punishment.

Malizia, N. (2017). Serial killer: The mechanism from imagination to the murder phases. Sociology Mind, 7(02), 44.

Cassady, M. S. (2015). What Makes a Woman Become a Serial Killer? (Doctoral dissertation, College of Arts and Sciences May 2017 Morgan S. Cassady BA, Valdosta State University).

Smith, J. (2018). Application of Investigative Psychology to Psychodynamic and Human Development Theories: Examining Traits and Typologies of Serial Killers (Doctoral dissertation, California Baptist University).

Booth, H. E. (2021). A Criminological Analysis of Notorious Serial Killers in the United States.

Business Brief

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Institutional Affiliation:

For many companies, having employees spread across different regions across the globe can be quite challenging. When RBG acquired Sake Logistics, there are several areas of concern that need to be addressed for the employees of the two companies to establish a working relationship. Some of these include the fact that RBG has taken on employees working in a different time zone, different methods of communication, different ways of thinking and working, as well as different cultures and norms. Before getting down to work, it is crucial to address these issues to make sure that the new employees from Sake Logistics feel welcome and valued so that they can get to work and deliver quality in their work. The four strategic areas in this situation are teamwork, different time zones, negotiating diverse viewpoints and cross-cultural communication.

The first thing that RBG needs to realize is that the employees of Sake Logistics will feel threatened when they first begin working with them. After an acquisition, a company’s employees usually feel that they lack identity in the new company (Kwan 2019). Sake Logistics is a small company of three hundred employees, while RBG has four thousand employees. These numbers offer both an advantage as well as disadvantage. The advantage is that the significant RBG workforce means that there are people from diverse backgrounds, and within the company, there is already a culture of respect and tolerance for others from different backgrounds. For this reason, the RBG employees will adapt quickly to working with the people from Sake Logistics who come from a diverse background and geographical location. However, there is also a disadvantage because the Sake Logistics employees are likely to feel threatened in RBG. When this happens, the employees tend to dig in, and this will affect the delivery and quality of their work. RBG, therefore, needs to come up with a comprehensive plan to absorb Sake employees.

Teamwork is an important part of any organization. When employees can work together as a team, their results are usually better. However, for teams to be able to work together, there must be clear communication. Each team member needs to feel that their opinion is valued. In this case, the Sake employees need to seek a new identity being a part of the RBG team. The RBG employees need to work towards welcoming the new employees so that they feel like part of the team. Because RBG is a significantly larger company than Sake, it is normal for the Sake employees to feel lost because the RBG employees are used to working together. The first thing that RBG management should do is to find out any warning signals that indicate that the Sake team may be feeling threatened. RBG should also study some of the factors that may hinder effective teamwork between employees of the two companies including territorial behaviour, language barriers and different time zones, and come up with ways to deal with them.

Negotiating diverse viewpoints will also be a challenge for the employees of the two new companies. Based on different backgrounds, they may have different ways of doing things. Each company’s employees need to realize that they will face challenges in accepting other people’s way of thinking and their opinions. Once they are open and ready for such challenges, it will be easier for them to come up with ways of collaborating with each other rather than criticizing each other. The management at RBG should also come up with strategies on how to train their employees on how to respect each other’s points of view, as well as how to be assertive in presenting their own opinions.

Working across different time zones will be a major challenge, considering Sake Logistics had employees in Singapore, Saudi Arabia and China. These countries are found in Asia while RBG is located in the United States in North America. Different time zones make it difficult in cases where employees in the different continents have to collaborate on projects or take meetings. The management of RBG has to come up with a plan that ensures that the time zones work in favour of all employees. Because the majority of RBG workforce is in the US, the company should avoid making plans that favour them at the disadvantage of Sake employees. Cross-cultural communication is also another critical area that needs to be addressed. Given that the two companies are found in different regions, there are significant differences in the communication culture. For example, RBG employees may be more assertive and pushy in presenting their ideas, while those from Sake could be more soft-spoken and require encouragement to counter or oppose their RBG counterparts. It is vital for RBG management to make sure that it gives all its employees’ views equal attention regardless of how they are delivered. Management should strive to recognize the differences in their employees rather than coming up with gender and colour-blind policy (Thomas & Ely 1996).

The first recommendation is the setting of clear communication guidelines. Communication will be the most important area, given the language barriers as well as different nonverbal cues involved in the two companies. The company should ensure that there are frequent meetings for employees to catch up and communicate with each other. Tools such as Skype, Dropbox and Google Drive have made it much easier for people across different regions to communicate with each other. In addition to this, RBG should be aware of some of the factors that make teams more efficient than others. One of these factors is the awareness of other people’s emotions which affect their state of mind and consequently how they work. This ability determines which teams are smarter than others (Woolley et al. 2015). Communication is also affected by the different time zones, and this needs to be factored in. RBG should come up with a canvas in which employees can update their availability in case they are required. The company also has to develop a fair schedule for meetings considering the different time zones.

The second recommendation would be for RBG to rethink processes and roles to increase efficiency (Schaubroeck et al. 2016) before the acquisition of Sake Logistics, each employee in the two companies knew exactly what their roles was and how they contributed to the company. After the acquisition, it is only natural that employees struggle to find their new positions and understand the new processes that come with the change. To address this, RBG needs to have a training program to familiarize Sake employees with their new roles as part of the new company. The employees will also need the training to understand the processes and systems of the new company, especially if they vary from those used by Sake Logistics.

To conclude, RBG needs to address the topics of teamwork, diverse viewpoints, different time zones, and cross-cultural communication. One of the ways to do this is to come up with communication guidelines for the employees. This is important, mainly because of time differences as well as communication cultures. RBG should also give clear instructions on roles and processes to help the Sake Logistics employees adapt better to the new RBG environment. Managing employees across regions requires a lot of planning to ensure smooth operations.

References

Ely, R. J., & Thomas, D. A. (1996). Making differences matter: A new paradigm for managing diversity. Harvard Business Review, 74(5), 79-90.

Kwan, L. B. (2019). The Collaboration Blind Spot. HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW, 97(2), 66-73.

Schaubroeck, R., Tarczewski, F. H., & Theunissen, R. (2016). Making collaboration across functions a reality. Mckinsey Journal.

Woolley, A., Malone, T. W., & Chabris, C. F. (2015). Why some teams are smarter than others. New York Times, 16.

Business Competition- Antitrust

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Institutional Affiliation

Course Name and Code

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Date

Business Competition- Antitrust

Antitrust lawsuits are used to put an end to activities that stifle trade liberalization and the economy, as well as to make amends for people who suffer losses as a result of the occurrence (Sawyer, 1). The objective is to maintain a free, open, and competitive industry. Lawsuits may be brought by both businesses and private citizens. A business’s rivals may file an antitrust lawsuit, claiming that the business used anticompetitive tactics. For instance, a business may participate in behaviors that monopolize a specific sector (Sawyer, 1). A set of customers may also bring an antitrust case if they believe that a trader’s anticompetitive actions caused them to pay too much for a good or service. The chosen company that has been sued for anti-competitive behavior is the Big Four American meatpackers.

On June 24, Sysco Corporation, the biggest foodservice distributor in the world, filed a civil anti-trust lawsuit against the Big Four American meatpackers, alleging that the businesses had fixed the beef prices in a Houston, Texas, U.S. District Court (2). The Big Four are charged with conspiring to obstruct the quantity of cattle killed since 2015 in order to artificially inflate beef prices. Two anonymous meat packing business informants who testified to the Big Four’s conspiracy are cited in Sysco’s case. The CEOs of Big Four argued that the rise in prices was caused by the current inflation and the fluctuation of demand and supply in the market (2). In this case, the Big Four were wrong to fix the prizes of beef and therefore reducing the market for Sysco and other competitors. The consumers were also at the losing end since the beef prices were so high. The profits and sales were getting relatively lower in the beef industry.

Horizontal and Vertical Restraints of Trade

Any conduct that seeks to restrict a group’s capacity to engage in operations is a restraint of trade. Trade restrictions can be categorized as horizontal or vertical. A horizontal restraint of trade involves an agreement among competitors at the same distribution level for the purpose of minimizing competition (Harrington, 3). A good example is an agreement between two retailers on the price of a product. This is because if they sell the product at different prices, the one selling at a higher price is likely to have lower sales. On the other had vertical restraint of trade involves parties at different levels of a market structure for example manufacturers and wholesalers in order to influence competition. Vertical restraint of trade can occur during production, distribution or supply.

Sources

Sawyer, Laura Phillips. 2019. US antitrust law and policy in historical perspective. Retrieved from https://www.hbs.edu/ris/Publication%20Files/19-110_e21447ad-d98a-451f-8ef0-ba42209018e6.pdfIdaho Business Review. 2022. Sysco has beef with the Big Four Meat Packers. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/Sysco%20has%20a%20beef%20with%20the%20Big%20Four%20meat%20packers.PDFHarrington, Joseph. 2020. Horizontal and vertical agreements: Differences between the European Union and the United States. Retrieved from http://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0003-2565/2020/0003-25652001007H.pdf

Abstinence and the Drinking Problem

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Institutional affiliation

I would advocate for a client with a drinking problem to abstain to resolve the drinking problem. I would tell the client to quit drinking to eradicate the health and social risks of excessive alcohol. Prolonged use of alcohol leads to the development of chronic illnesses and other serious problems such as stroke, heart disease, digestive problems, and high blood pressure. Moreover excessive alcohol intake has been associated with cancer of the breast, throat, mouth, voice box, esophagus, colon, liver, and rectum. Abstinence is the best route to deal with an alcohol problem because while controlled drinking is viable, it is even harder to implement. As long as one is in an environment where one can access alcohol, controlling ones drinking is difficult. Some of the advantages of alcohol abstinence that have been backed by research include less worry, better sleep, budget savings, and better relationships and sex. Abstaining from sex also results in increased energy and calorie savings. The only disadvantage of abstaining from alcohol has to do with withdrawal symptoms. Individuals addicted to alcohol face dangerous withdrawal symptoms, including delirium tremens when they quit alcohol suddenly. There are extreme cases where alcohol withdrawal causes death to the users. There exists a relationship between faith and alcohol abuse. A 2019 study on the impact that faith has on substance abuse revealed that faith reduces the risk of abuse, use, or dependence. In rare cases, does faith contribute to the abuse and dependence on alcohol.

References

Pandey, S. C., Kyzar, E. J., & Zhang, H. (2017). Epigenetic basis of the dark side of alcohol addiction. Neuropharmacology, 122, 74-84.

The Use of Internet by Non-Profit Organizations to Tell Human Stories

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AbstractThis research paper explores the utilization of the internet by non-profit organizations to frame their mandate by using personal stories to shoe the acts of charity and the good work conducted by the organization. 26 non-profits in health charities were used as samples to develop 344 good stories which were coded. Particularly, the study examined the prevalence and prominence of good works on the websites of the non-profit organizations and how these organizations employed other elements including call-to-action, multimedia, and opportunities for the person interacting with the website to participate. The findings reveal that health charity organizations do use their websites to tell stories that illustrate the good work of the organization. Worth noting, there seems to be a great discrepancy in how these organizations tell these stories. Noteworthy, not many organizational websites depicted model examples in prevalence, prominence, and synergy of stories of the great work they do, and most of them failed to utilize their websites as mediums to the maximum potential.

Contents

TOC o “1-3” h z u Abstract PAGEREF _Toc68364985 h 2Introduction PAGEREF _Toc68364986 h 4Statement of Problem PAGEREF _Toc68364987 h 6Research Questions PAGEREF _Toc68364988 h 8Purpose of Study PAGEREF _Toc68364989 h 8Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc68364990 h 9Early Theories in Relation to the Internet. PAGEREF _Toc68364991 h 9Is the Internet Living up to Its Potential? PAGEREF _Toc68364992 h 9Limitations of Previous Research PAGEREF _Toc68364993 h 10Methodology PAGEREF _Toc68364994 h 10Findings and Discussions PAGEREF _Toc68364995 h 12Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc68364996 h 14Recommendations PAGEREF _Toc68364997 h 14References PAGEREF _Toc68364998 h 15

Part AIntroductionThe fundamental goal of non-profits organizations is using acts of charity to improve society. In the 21st century, there is limitless potential in how citizens can contribute to social change beings that communities are evolving faster than before. The non-profit sector is going through unprecedented growth with approximately 1.4 million non-profit organizations existing in the United States and as a result, society is changing for the better (Winand, Scheerder, Vos, & Zintz, 2016). Countless non-governmental organizations have devoted themselves to almost every cause imaginable and have been supported by the support and philanthropic giving of Americans. From improving education for disadvantaged communities to promoting art, from prevailing over poverty to cleaning the environment, the non-profit sector in the U.S provides a diverse and impressive range of programs that help in improving society. The IRS employs core code systems to categorize non-profit charities for purposes of tax exemption. While there are over 26 categories of non-profits, human service organizations comprise a majority type of non-profit organizations accounting for 35% of the organizations. Organizations dealing with education account for 18% of total organizations. Those dealing in healthcare, art, culture, humanities, societal, and public benefit follow closely. Public benefit and human services account for the biggest portion of charities because they serve as ‘cathall categories meaning that they represent a wide array of organizational missions.

The Internet

In the 1990s, Vice President Al Gore popularized the term ‘information superhighway to mean the future of the internet. Since then how the internet exploded is a medium that stands to defy communication advancement in history. A report by the U.S Department of Commerce notes that the rate at which the internet was adopted eclipses all previous forms of technologies; radio took 38 years before reaching 50 million people, TV took 13 years to attain the same benchmark and the internet took only four (4) years to cross that line. The internet has advanced over time and this has led to improved communication. For instance, use of the email for communication is one component that is used by almost all internet users. A recent article by USA Today reported that approximately 87 billion emails are sent on a daily basis (Maier, Meyer, & Steinbereithner, 2016). A fact that is truly astonishing. Emails have proved helpful for many purposes including communicating with family, friends, in businesses and email has proved a significant functionality that has accelerated internet use. Social networking fosters communication and similarly, websites also facilitate two-way communication between audiences and the internet. Compared to other forms of media, the internet is the most dynamic. It is constantly evolving and new facets keep emerging. If non-profit charities want to engage with the audience in the current era, they must employ the ever dynamic and changing communication strategies and tactics. It should be noted that most internet users find it as a useful source of entertainment and information, completely outranking other mediums such as television which is the most common medium of communication. As such, there is a need for non-profits to change their communication strategies so that they employ this medium.

Statement of ProblemHow information technology is employed by the non-profits sector has changed immensely and today almost all have embraced web presence. A survey conducted by Princeton Research Associates in 2001 focusing on 200 human service organizations to examine the prominence of information technology found that most of the organizational executives maintained that adopting information technology not only helped in improving efficiency but also improving their profile and presence within communities and boost communication among staff members and their constituents (Ragsdell, Rathi, Given, & Forcier, 2016). Further, it was found that big and established organizations took up forms of information technology compared to their smaller counterparts. Organizations with web presence noted that their websites came in handy in explaining their missions and in executing their missions and programs. Some of the reasons cited by organizations for not having websites were cost-related, lack of staff, while others said they had more important priorities hence they did not need one.

The adoption of information technology has given rise to a new world of possibility particularly for the non-profit sector. One of the major incentives of this is that it grants the organization a platform to carry out online fundraising. Following the emergence of the e-commerce functionality businesses were allowed to sell services and products using the internet and as such better placed to fundraise online. With the use of secure internet servers, financial transactions are completed online via credit card or electronic transfer. Recent studies by the Philanthropic Giving Index Survey show that non-profits have recently become successful at online donations with 34.4% of not-for-profit organizations being successful at internet fundraising with the average donation being 150 dollars (Shapiro & Oystrick, 2018).

This research paper is focused primarily on the non-profit organizations that employ the internet and particularly their websites to present stories of the people they help. In America, the scope and number of beneficiaries that have benefited from the good deeds of public charities translate into millions. They may include refugees from the Darfur region of Sudan, battered women, pediatric cancer patients, impoverished farmers among others. Non-profits traditionally used personal testimonials to publicize the organization’s mission. Media platforms such as direct mail letters feature photos and stories of beneficiaries moreso, in Africa benefiting from American donations. Furthermore, annual reports with personal testimonials from beneficiaries were also employed. Public relations officers used interviewed beneficiaries for features in television shows and news outlets to enrich organizational support. Today, with the increased uptake of the internet, organizations are incorporating personal testimonials in their websites. Taking the example of CARE International, which is a leading global humanitarian organization in fighting poverty, if a visitor interacts with their website, they immediately get a glimpse of how the lives of numerous girls and women have benefitted from CARE’s programs that fight poverty. One notices that CARE includes links to personal testimonials of women from around the world on the main page. CARE web page features over a dozen anecdotes that depict the impact of the organization on women and children from a global perspective. Further, the website has photo galleries, Flash representations, and short text explanations that depict how the programs benefit pregnant women and malnourished women in places like Malawi, educational initiatives in Cambodia, and refugees in Darfur. In essence, CARE. Org presents its audiences with an opportunity to get to know about their programs by showing rather than telling them the significance of the impact of poverty reduction on a global scale.

Research QuestionsResearch Question 1: Do non-profits only use organization websites to primarily tell stories about the good deeds of the organization?

Research Question 2: To what degree do is multimedia employed by non-profit organizations on their website to tell good stories about the work of the organization?

Purpose of StudyNon-profit organizations need to develop ways to communicate with the members of the public regarding their organizational program, missions, philanthropy, and funding gaps. Given the funding and tight budgets that constrain them, the Internet has the potential of communicating this information to the public with ease. This research assesses how non-profit organizations use the internet as a medium to cultivate relationships with their stakeholders. Particularly it dwells on how non-profits use websites to predominantly feature stories that paint a good picture of the organization including cats of charity and good deeds. However, the variables are in the prominence of these stories of good works, the framing of the story, and the synergy of these stories of good needs with the call to action. This study assesses the way non-profit use the world wide web to bring to the spotlight their philanthropy, an aspect of public relations that is overlooked while studying charity organizations and their uptake of internet technology. Further, the context assesses the way non-profits frame themselves; they make their causes a bit prominent in the way they showcase success stories of their good deeds to stakeholders using the World Wide Web. Non-profit organizations measure their success not by the money in their bank accounts but by the amount of good they have performed in society.

Section BLiterature ReviewEarly Theories in Relation to the Internet.According to Ahmed, (2017), Marshall McLuhan first used the notion ‘the medium is the message’ to imply that the medium is the most important aspect of communication and not the content. Notably, this aspect also applies to the internet even though initially the theory only applied to older electronic media such as television. McLuhan used the theory to explain that electronic media would transform the world into a global village (Algharabat et.al 2018). True to his word, today people are employing electronic media to communicate across the globe. The notion he predicted of a global village has become a reality.

Is the Internet Living up to Its Potential?Many scholars and technology gurus have regarded the internet as a medium with the capacity to make an important impact on how the world communicates (Bake & Zöhrer, 2017). However some scholars have raised questions about the effectiveness of the internet and if it lives up to its potential (Del Mar Galvez-Rodriguez, et. al 2016). Linda Jean Kenix carried out an analysis on the websites of 70 non-profit organizations. Her aim was to explore how practical the application of the Utopian belief that held that the internet is a tool used to democratize interactive capabilities. Kenix developed four ways to describe the democratic, utopian, and egalitarian ideals of the internet. The first category was the deliberative public sphere which engages members of the public in conversations (Bauer, et. al 2016). . The second one is an opportunity for activism which facilitates volunteer opportunities. The third one is space for marginalized voices and the fourth is instantaneous and interconnected information such as online employment information, site indexes, items for sloe, advertising revenue, and frequently asked questions (Erete, et.al 2016).

Limitations of Previous ResearchCarmichael, & McDonough, (2019) note that scholars in communication have carried out extensive research regarding the effectiveness of online communications; however, most of them have always focused on the for-profit sector. Worth noting, although the research has proved useful in understanding internet use and its functions, studies relating to business communications and websites cannot be generalized in the non-profit sector. Communication researchers have started studying internet use as related to non-profits to fill the gap (Gratton, 2018). Further, previous studies were focused on the concept of credibility and intractability of websites. Presently, the studies conducted are different from the ones done in the past in that they assess one notion of websites of non-profits—stories of goof works (Laureano, et. al 2018). Without a doubt, acts of charity and good works form the lifeblood of any organization. Improving society is the reason why non-profits exist hence researchers in communication need to differentiate how organizations communicate their messages to members of the public (Matthews, et. al 2017). There is a need for current research to study the way non-profits use their websites to examine how to fulfill their missions towards society.

MethodologyThe study employed the use of Philanthropy 400 rankings for 2006 as a sampling study. It uses financial data collected for non-profits to know the top 400 that contribute mot money annually. The Philanthropy 400 is categorized according to 17 non-profits types including public broadcasting and international aid organizations. The majority of the 17 subsectors were selected appropriately for use in this study. For instance, 117 universities and colleges were not eligible samples because their websites fail to fulfill the purposes of audiences that do not relate to the good deeds of the organization. Further, other subsectors did not qualify as they were not ideal. They included museums, hospitals, libraries, and public broadcast organizations. Health samples containing health charities were selected for the study. Particularly the selected health non-profits whose mission is to help patients and loved ones in handling diseases, informing members of the public about health issues, and conducting research for cures. The study was limited to one subsector which eliminated extraneous variables which could have altered the results if it were a multi-sector study.

There were 25 organizations in the subsector of health charities. Coders included one website for an additional organization making the final sample size 26. The primary unit of analysis was the non-profit’s home page while the secondary unit of analysis was the page that had the personal story. The stories that were coded were the ones that were found within the first three layers. The number of clicks from the homepage’s location was used to measure prominence and to measure how prominent the stories were, a secondary measure was used. The internet browser window was employed at all times and stories were code in four sizes; more than a page, half a page, quarter a page, and less than a quarter page. The term multimedia was described as including video, color photography, black-and-white photography, audio, and flash presentations. Perspective was determined in personal stories using the use of the first or third person. The focus of each story was examined using text and classified according to facts, statistics, event-oriented, and human interest.

Findings and DiscussionsThis research paper was exploratory. The study analyzed websites of 26 organizations in the healthcare sector and 344 stores of good deeds located within two clicks from the homepage. The data was collected and coded before being analyzed statistically.

No. of clicks Frequency Percent Cumulative Frequency Cumulative Percent

1 12 46.15 12 45.15

2 8 30.77 20 76.92

No personal stories found 6 23.08 26 100

Total 26 100 Table 1: Website sample location of the stories that are most prominent

From the 20 websites that were assessed, most of them placed prominent stories one click from the homepage, accounting for 46.15% or 12 organizations. The remaining 30.77% placed their prominent stories within two clicks from the home page. 23.08% were not coded they did not have personal stories was because their websites did not have any stories of their good deeds or they were found more than two clicks from the homepage.

Size of Story Page Frequency Percent Cumulative Frequency Cumulative Percent

Below ¼ page 10 2.91 10 2.91

¼ page 31 9.01 41 11.92

½ page 40 11.63 81 23.55

Above ½ page 263 76.45 344 100.00

Total 344 100 Table 2: The Prominence of Personal Stories on Organizational Web Page

About how prominent each story on the web page majority of the stories employed over half of the browser window. They accounted for 76.45 percent of the stories. The stories that remained were displayed less prominently with 11.63% taking half a page, 2.91% taking a below a quarter a page, and 9.01% a quarter of the page.

Research question 1 sought to find out if the organizations use their websites to show stories about the acts of good work of the organization. The tables show that non-profits in the health sector show stories about the organizations prominently hence supporting the research question. In fact, most organizations placed personal stories on their web [ages and also placed them in locations that are easily accessible. Research question 2 aimed to find out if and how these organizations use multimedia to tell stories about the good works of the organization. From the findings, 88.77% of the stories had visual elements with 38.77% showing color photographs. 38.24 % used a pull quote with video clips and black and white photography accompanying 12 and 3 stories respectively.

Visual element Frequency Percent Cumulative Frequency Cumulative Percent

Color Photography 145 38.77 145 38.77

Black and white 13 3.48 158 42.25

Video clip 15 4.01 173 46.26

Audio Clip 2 0.53 175 46.79

Fresh Presentation 1 0.27 176 47.06

Pull Quote 143 38.24 319 85.30

Other 13 3.48 332 88.78

None 42 11.23 374 100

Total 374 100 ConclusionNon-profit organizations in the health sector use websites to show stories about their good deeds and acts of charity. There is a discrepancy in the way how these organizations showcase stories of their good work. A given number of organizations gives models examples of prominence, synergy, and prevalence with a call to action of the stories they post on their websites, however, most of these non-profits do not use the medium to its maximum capacity.

RecommendationsThe internet is still in its infancy as a medium, hence communication practitioners continue to encounter a steep learning curve. Despite this, the internet has expanded hence non-profit organizations must strive to keep up with the pace if they want it to continue being relevant. The only way for non-profits to elevate their mission’s salience is to elevate the prominence and prevalence of stories of good work on their websites, calls to action, using visual elements to accompany testimonial stories, and providing opportunities for reader engagement.

ReferencesAhmed, S. (2017). Effective non-profit management: Context, concepts, and competencies. Routledge.

Algharabat, R., Rana, N. P., Dwivedi, Y. K., Alalwan, A. A., & Qasem, Z. (2018). The effect of telepresence, social presence and involvement on consumer brand engagement: An empirical study of non-profit organizations. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 40, 139-149.

Bake, J., & Zöhrer, M. (2017). Telling the stories of others: claims of authenticity in human rights reporting and comics journalism. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 11(1), 81-97.

Bauer, J. M., & Latzer, M. (Eds.). (2016). Handbook on the Economics of the Internet. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Carmichael, C. E., & McDonough, M. H. (2019). Community stories: Explaining resistance to street tree-planting programs in Detroit, Michigan, USA. Society & Natural Resources, 32(5), 588-605.

Del Mar Galvez-Rodriguez, M., Caba-Pérez, C., & López-Godoy, M. (2016). Drivers of Twitter as a strategic communication tool for non-profit organizations. Internet Research.

Erete, S., Ryou, E., Smith, G., Fassett, K. M., & Duda, S. (2016). Storytelling with Data: Examining the use of data by non-profit organizations. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM conference on Computer-Supported cooperative work & social computing (pp. 1273-1283).

Gratton, P. C. (2018). Organization Development and Strategic Planning for Non-Profit Organizations. Organization Development Journal, 36(2).

Laureano, R. M., Fernandes, A. L., Hassamo, S., & Alturas, B. (2018). Facebook satisfaction and its impacts on fundraising: a case study at a Portuguese non-profit organization. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management, 3(1), 04.

Matthews, T., O’Leary, K., Turner, A., Sleeper, M., Woelfer, J. P., Shelton, M., … & Consolvo, S. (2017,). Stories from survivors: Privacy & security practices when coping with intimate partner abuse. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 2189-2201).

Maier, F., Meyer, M., & Steinbereithner, M. (2016). Nonprofit organizations becoming business-like: A systematic review. Nonprofit and voluntary sector quarterly, 45(1), 64-86.

Ragsdell, G., Rathi, D., Given, L. M., & Forcier, E. (2016). Knowledge needs in the non-profit sector: an evidence-based model of organizational practices. Journal of Knowledge Management.

Shapiro, S. J., & Oystrick, V. (2018). Three steps towards sustainability: Spreadsheets as a data collection analysis system for non-profit organizations. Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation, 33(2).

Winand, M., Scheerder, J., Vos, S., & Zintz, T. (2016). Do non-profit sport organizations innovate? Types and preferences of service innovation within regional sport federations. Innovation, 18(3), 289-308.



Praxis Paper 1

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SUPERVALU Grocery Company’s IT current state

1.1 Company Profile

SUPERVALU is known to be among the United States largest chains of supermarkets. The number of stores, which they own is 2349. There are many brand names, by which the company operates such as Cubs Foods, Acme, Lucky, and Bristol, among others. Most of its competition is from Safeway and Kroger. Currently, the store is found in almost all states in America, such as Southern California, Boston, Chicago and Philadelphia. There are two segments by, which the company operates. They include Supply Chain Services and Retail Food.

1.2 Introduction

Many business environments are appreciating the importance of technology at the work place. Before, processes were manual, but today automated systems have been integrated in almost every business unit. In turn, practices, which are conducted by business, have improved. This is the reason why SUPERVALU has come up with an information system, which is comprehensive. Evolution of information systems greatly improves processes. In order to obtain competitive advantage, information systems should be planned for strategically. Before new systems are purchased, managers must first make decisions based on the capability of the system (Laudon & Laudon, 2009).

1.3 Profile of the people interviewed at SUPERVALU

The people, who were interviewed for this research, work at SUPERVALU in managerial capacities. Greg Harness is in charge of the Information technology Department. He assumes the title of the Project Manager of IT. Harness is well educated and his experience is vast. He has experience in information technology having worked in this field for twenty years. The other person interviewed is Susan Morris, who is in charge of customer experience at SUPERVALU. She is well informed about matters, which concern the company. Her experience in management is vast and is aware about the functions of the IT department.

1.4 Competitive advantage achieved from using and Implementing Information Systems

Customer satisfaction is the reason why they had to improve their systems. In order to achieve efficiency and accuracy at the company, it makes use of Radio Frequency systems. In turn, it is able to monitor profitability and customer satisfaction. According to Morris (2011), the operative movements at the store are accountable, due to the effectiveness of the system. The system also ensures that optimum efficiency is achieved as evaluation and monitoring of information occurs (Friedman & Hoffman, 2001). The stocks, which are at the stores, are known through a process known as ambient area. The latter is achieved as a result of the existing system (Laudon & Laudon, 2009). This means that problems do not arise when delivery by suppliers is late. Also, there is premium product availability, due to the existing system. She believes that this system has improved the process as the store and in turn, customers are extremely satisfied.

According to Harness (2011), the teams at the various stores are happy about the introduction of the new systems. Their work environment has improved greatly, and everyone feels that work has become more accommodating. The terminals, which have been out in place, are extremely user friendly. One does not have to be an expert in computers to use the terminals. Since the system is reliable, the teams working at the stores are loyal to the company. Expansion has been made easier by the system, as customers in their Northern Ireland, stores are served well. In turn, many customers have praised and commented about the service being offered (Britt, 2010). They have witnessed an improvement in various aspects at the stores. Other competitive advantages, which have occurred, are availability of products, and delivery has become extremely accurate.

Job enhancement has occurred, due to Information systems implementation. Tasks are now prioritized and time saving takes place. The system handles matters concerning information and data handling. The latter was previously done by employees, thus wastage of time occurred often. Processing time is reduced drastically, thus in turn; costs are saved by the company. Differentiation is another competitive advantage obtained from having an information system. This means that SUPERVALU has become strategically different from its competitors. There are certain products, which are found at SUPERVALU, and cannot be found in other stores such as Wal-Mart and even Kroger. Customer base has been expanded, due to the implementation of the differentiation strategy according to Harness (2011).

Lastly, the Information systems have brought about distribution and supply coordination. At SUPERVALU, inventory has in turn been tracked and monitored effectively. Managers are always ensuring that the management process of supply chain is well maintained. Problems are pinpointed easily, and thus another competitive advantage is obtained. According to Morris, Research is being done to find out if there are better systems in the market.

1.5 The Management Information System Strategy

Harness has been given the go ahead to work with other department heads, in order to come with a strategy for MIS. This is because all the companies functions as well as operations are managed by an MIS. Cost implications occur when the strategy is not implemented accordingly. Also, problems such as profit making can be prevented if there is no presence of an MIS strategy. At SUPERVALU, the MIS strategy seeks to ensure that their vision based on technology is realized. At the Corporate setting at SUPERVALU, IT plays a vital role in implementing the strategy. IT provides the needed guidelines to be followed, in the area that the MIS is concentrating on (Harness, 2011).

The MIS strategy also focuses on the changing the structure of change in management. SUPERVALU is designing a system, which will affect all the employees and customers positively. Nowadays, SUPERVALU is making use of social networking, to increase its sales as well as market it. For example, it has embraced Linked a social site that focuses on professionalism. Linked has greatly improved the relations SUPERVALU has with some of its customers, as well as people who want to work for the company. The company has come up with minimum standards, which all the employees must meet (Levine, 2001). The MIS focuses on the components of central infrastructure. This later on brings about proper deliverables as well as there being a direction, which is common to everyone. SUPERVALU is making sure that it forms strategic alliances with technological suppliers (Morris, 2011). In turn, it will benefit by acquiring financial incentives and have a lot of control over ownership and cost issues. Through having the MIS, initiatives for development are taking place as well as important aspects of the company being recognized.

1.6 Conclusion

In conclusion, SUPERVALU is indeed using effective strategies, which are helping it to obtain a competitive edge. Information systems used have improved business and in turn, there are more customers making purchases at the various stores. The MIS strategy is being implemented in order to achieve SUPERVALU’s success in the IS sector.

References

G. Harness, Personal Communication, October 1, 2011.

S. Morris, Personal Communication, October 1, 2011.

Laudon, Jane & Laudon, Ken. (2009).Management Information Systems 11th Ed. New York: Prentice Hall.

Britt, D. (2010). Impact of Globalization in Creating Sustainable Competitive Advantage. Retrieved from HYPERLINK “http://www.sdcexec.com/web/online/In-Depth/” http://www.sdcexec.com/web/online/In-Depth/

Levine, L. (2001).Integrating Knowledge and Processes in Learning Organization. Information systems Management, 18, 1, 21-33.

Friedman, D. & Hoffman, P. (2001). The Politics of Information. Change, 33, 3, 50-57.

MARKETING MIX

GENERAL ELECTRIC: SENOGRAPHE 2004

ABSTRACT

The marketing mix is frequently decisive when shaping a product or brand’s distinctive selling point, the exceptional eminence that distinguishes a product from its contenders. GE was at the vanguard of digital technology in the field of mammography, and prolongs this prototype with the prologue of the Senographe 2004. The Senographe 2004 takes the most recent modernizations in digital imaging and unites them with synchronized diagnostic paraphernalia to proffer women global the assistance of faster retorts to prospective life-changing queries.

REFERENCES

www.activexray.com/pdf/ge_SenographeDS.pdf – United States

HYPERLINK “https://www.student.gsu.edu/~wmulford1/digital_mammography.htm”https://www.student.gsu.edu/~wmulford1/digital_mammography.htm

Market Response and Marketing Mix Models by Douglas Bowman and Hubert Gatignon (Apr 23, 2010)

Kotler on Marketing by Philip Kotler (Aug 31, 2001)

Principles of Marketing (13th Edition) by Philip Kotler and Gary Armstrong (Jan 7, 2009)

MARKETING MIX

The marketing mix is a commerce contrivance employed in marketing products. The marketing mix is frequently decisive when shaping a product or brand’s distinctive selling point, the exceptional eminence that distinguishes a product from its contenders. A premeditated blend of the convenient rudiments of a product’s marketing plan generally named as 4Ps: product, price, place, and promotion. These four rudiments are attuned until the accurate amalgamation is established that serves the requirements of the product’s clientele, whilst generating optimal earnings.

4 P’s of MARKETING MIX

Product – A product is perceived as an article that persuades what a customer desires or needs. It is a substantial good or an insubstantial service. Insubstantial products are service based akin to the tourism business, the hotel business and the financial business. Substantial products are those that have a self-determining physical subsistence. A less apparent but omnipresent mass produced service is a computer working system. Every product is interrelated to a life-cycle counting an intensification phase followed by an adulthood phase and lastly an ultimate interlude of decline as sales cascades. Marketers ought to do cautious exploration on how extensive the life cycle of the product they are promoting is expected to be and spotlight their consideration on diverse challenges that crop up as the product progress through every stage. Marketers can inflate the existing product mix by mounting a certain product line’s intensity or by escalating the quantity of product lines. Marketers ought to consider techniques to position the product, techniques to utilize the brand, technique to utilize the company’s resources and how to constitute the product mix so that each product harmonizes the other. The marketer ought to in addition reflect on product development stratagems.

Price – The price is the sum a consumer pays for the product. The price is very imperative as it establishes the company’s earnings and consequently, endurance. Regulating the price has an intense impact on the marketing stratagem, and depending on the price suppleness of the product, frequently; it will distress the demand and sales in addition. The marketer ought to set a cost that harmonizes the other rudiments of the marketing mix. When setting a price, the marketer ought to be responsive of the customer professed worth for the product. Three fundamental pricing stratagems are: market skimming pricing, marketing infiltration pricing and impartial pricing.

Promotion – characterizes all of the techniques of communiqué that a vendor may perhaps employ to endow with information to diverse parties concerning the product. Promotion embraces rudiments such as: promotion, public associations, individual selling and sales endorsement. Advertising envelops any communication that is compensated for, from cinema profitable, radio and Internet announcements through print medium and billboards. Public associations are where the communiqué is not unswervingly remunerated for and comprises press releases, sponsorship arrangements, trade fairs, symposium, colloquiums and events. Word-of-mouth is any actually unceremonious communication concerning the product by common individuals, contented customers or people exclusively affianced to form word of mouth impetus. Sales personnel frequently play an imperative function in word of mouth and public associations.

Place – refers to endowing with the product at a place which is opportune for customers to admittance. Place is identical with allocation. Assorted stratagems such as rigorous allocation, discerning allotment, exclusive allocation and franchising can be employed by the salesperson to harmonize the other features of the marketing mix.

GENERAL ELECTRIC

The Medical Systems allotment of General Electric has a commitment to the medical community to proffer the most recent technological progress in the quickest approach potential in order to promote the furthermost number of people. GE was at the vanguard of digital technology in the field of mammography, and prolongs this prototype with the prologue of the Senographe 2004. The Senographe 2004 takes the most recent modernizations in digital imaging and unites them with synchronized diagnostic paraphernalia to proffer women global the assistance of faster retorts to prospective life-changing queries. Employ of the Senographe 2004 will endow with the patient base with a steadfast outline of concurrent radiological psychoanalysis devoid of the wait that is linked with conventional consequences. With the preamble of the latest product, the Senographe 2004, GE Medical Systems will prolong to leverage its place as the worldwide leader in efficiency, information, and technological elucidations in the healthcare business.

GE’s vision is to develop as a worldwide leader in eminence, efficiency, information & technology elucidations in the healthcare industry. Endowing with advanced products and services conveyed by employees who vigorously congregate promises for the company, clientele and each other. GE’s objective is to again and again elevate the principles of superiority and effectiveness, to endow with the eventual in consumer and patient contentment.

SENOGRAPHE 2004

PRODUCT

The Senographe 2004 is in a distinctive position in that the segment that it will facilitate the majority, explicitly women who have mammograms completed, is not the principal objective of the marketing focal point. While they are an imperative derivative focus, the sanatoriums, broadcasting centers and decision-makers at these conveniences will have the principal focal point of our endeavors. The interpretation following this preference is that the “supremacies that be” at these amenities would be much more sympathetic to product positioning and outlay rationalization dealings in an unswerving approach, rather than through the commendations of patients. The Senographe 2004 will be promoted en route for the early adopters in the marketplace. In conjunction with the early adopters, we will moreover spotlight on the customers that are presently employing analog technology, but are approaching the conclusion of the surrogate for analog paraphernalia and are considering advancement to digital technology. Our endeavors will spotlight on the additional assistance they will obtain from the Senographe 2004. After prologue to the primary market, the loom taken with women in the intended age assortment (40+) will be analogous to that which is utilized by recommendation drug manufacturers. Advertisements highlighting on the assistances of diagnostic competence that is parceled with the screening mechanism will be intended for at this age assembly with the commendation that they confer with their physician for additional information. This advertising will be in the outline of broadcasting and television ads, print ads, and websites in order to capitalize on revelation to information on the Senographe 2004.

PRICING

To capitalize on enduring return on venture in addition to the market share, the Senographe 2004 will have to be commenced with a value pricing stratagem and on an analogous podium as the foremost cohort of GE’s digital mammography paraphernalia. The preliminary price composition will fabricate on the idea that they are proffering a value product which has competences above and ahead of what the market presently has to recommend. This will facilitate shore up the endeavor in speedily intensifying the client base. With augmented worldwide market share, and condensed manufacturing expenses due to economies of scale, GE predicts capitalizing on enduring earnings with this pricing policy.

PROMOTION

Cooperative research with a foremost cancer foundation is the primary stride. This cooperative research endows with the factual world relevance of the new-fangled technology and directs into the aptitude to circulate the consequences in beleaguered Medical Journals. Oncology and breast cancer colloquiums are the subsequent prong of the promotion stratagem. This endows with enslaved addressees where the technology can be established to medical proficient. Teaming up with foremost breast cancer alliances to breed breast cancer consciousness and revealing journalism for doctor’s offices is an effectual technique to breed acquaintance concerning breast cancer and the product to the end consumer. Finally, there are a budding number of breast cancer alliances to aid women in enlightening themselves on revealing and healing, in endowing with achievement stories, and in supplementary resources obtainable to breast cancer patients.

PLACE (DISTRIBUTION)

GE Medical Systems proffers an assortment of techniques to order products. The client has the opportunity of consigning their order by means of a GE sales spokesperson, employing a licensed pre-owned medical paraphernalia dealer, or consigning the paraphernalia that they yearning on-line. Whilst ordering on-line emerges to be a realistic prospect, and specified the actuality that the Senographe 2004 is a novel product and, consequently, could not be pre-owned, we are suggesting that the consumer consign their order through our external sales personnel as a substitute. There are numerous rationales why the sales personnel itinerary is suggested. Initially, the size and intricacy of the machine necessitates a four-day installation progression which will moreover be completed by a GE-recommended setting up service provider or one of the clients’s selecting. An accredited crew is essential due to the electrical, electromagnetic, seismic, formation, and network connectivity qualifications of the paraphernalia. For simplicity of synchronization rationales, employ of the GE Field Engineering Services are suggested as the sales delegate will have unswerving admittance to them. Furthermore, GE’s setting up charges is integrated in the procurement price of the Senographe 2004, while the installation charges of exterior contractors are not enclosed. Second, specified the nature of recently urbanized medical paraphernalia, customers will not be competent to compose the informed decisions indispensable if they wish to procure their paraphernalia in an on-line background. Consequently the counseling services that are endowed with at some stage in visits with the exterior sales personnel endow with indispensable edification concerning the product that they are procuring, as well as a prospect to share information regarding other medical modernizations that may well be of significance to the client. In cooperation the client and the salesperson can take benefit of the pre-existing association between the customer and GE.

Mini-Project I: Cultural Analysis Guideline

Introduction

Brief discussion of the country’s relevant history

Geographical setting writing guide

Location

Climate

Topography

Social institutions

Family

The nuclear family

The extended family

Dynamics of the family

Parental roles

Marriage and courtship

Female/male roles (changing or static?)

Education

The role of education in society

Primary education (quality, levels of development, etc.)

Secondary education (quality, levels of development, etc.)

Higher education (quality, levels of development, etc.)

Literacy rates

Political system

Political structure

Political parties

Stability of government

Special taxes

Role of local government

Legal System

Organization of the judiciary system

Code, common, socialist, or Islamic-law country?

Participation in patents, trademarks, and other conventions

Marketing Laws

Social organization

Group behavior

Social classes

Clubs, other organizations

Race, ethnicity, and subcultures

Religion and aesthetics

Religion and other belief systems

Orthodox doctrines and structures

Relationship with the people

Which religions are prominent?

Membership of each religion

Any powerful or influential cults?

Aesthetics

Visual arts (fine arts, plastics, graphics, public art, colors, etc.)

Drama, ballet, and other performing arts

Folklore and relevant symbols

Living conditions

Diet and nutrition

Meat and vegetable consumption rates

Typical meals

Malnutrition rates

Foods available

Housing

Types of housing available

Do most people own or rent?

Do most people live in one-family dwellings or with other families?

Clothing

National dress

Types of clothing worn at work

Recreation, sports, and other leisure activities

Types available and in demand

Percentage of income spent on such activities

Social security

Health care

Language

Official language(s)

Spoken versus written language(s)

Dialects

Summary

Sources of information

Appendixes (If applicable)

Helpful Country Profiles websites:

BBC News Country Profiles http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/country_profiles/default.stmCIA factbook: https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/Global Edge Country Insights: https://globaledge.msu.edu/global-insights/by/country

Writing instructions:

12-font size, times new roman, 1-inch margin on all sides, single-spaced. Suggest to keep and only keep two levels of subtitle. APA or MLA format. No page limit.

Try to avoid the following Fatal Writing Flaws. If you have multiple writing flaws in your paper, you will have a lower grade.

1. Subject/Verb Agreement

2. Rambling/Run-On Sentences

3. Grammatical Errors

4. Poor Sentence Structure

5. Pervasive Spelling Errors (more than a couple typos)

6. Informal or Inappropriate Language

7. No Conclusion

If this paper contains ANY plagiarized content, you will fail the course. Plagiarized content includes any and all of the following:

Material taken word-for-word from another source that is not properly cited.

Material that is repeated word-for-word from another source and is not put into quotation marks

Material that is put into your own words but still follows the original author’s thought pattern and is not cited. However, citing something like this is only ok for small points, not whole sections of your paper.

You are strongly encouraged to use references to guide your writing but I am more interested in hearing YOUR ideas and YOUR arguments. You should not rely on quotes from other sources to make up the bulk of your paper. They should be used sparingly and only to support YOUR arguments.

Any sources that you do use should be valid sources such as the text book, library books, journal articles, news stories, or government websites. Any other websites should not be considered valid resources – especially Wikipedia. Use of Wikipedia will immediately result in a failing grade (40).

Purdue has an excellent website with tips and instructions on how to properly use and cite references to prevent plagiarism. You may use either APA or MLA format.

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/Country Project I and II Grading Rubric

____/10There was a clear introduction and conclusion

____/10 Paper has been proofread, with limited grammar, spelling, and punctuation and formatting errors.

____/25Comprehensive and detailed nature of the research. Cover as many guidelines and as detailed as possible.

____/25Interpretation of the collected information. This should not be a list of facts about the country, but a broader picture of these conditions and what it means for international companies. In addition, how this country is different from the United States?

____/20Quality of information sources. Outside sources are properly cited (Reputable sources must be used, rather than only internet sources).

____/10The writing is coherent and flows well.

____/100Total Grade

Format Example is on the next page

Format Example:

Mini-Project I: Cultural Analysis of United States of America

Introduction

The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Geographical setting writing guide

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The United States of America’s topography is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Social institutions

Family

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Education

The United States of America’s education is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Political system

The United States of America’s political system is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Legal System

The United States of America’s legal system is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Social organization

The United States of America’s social organization is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s social organization is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s social organization is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s social organization is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Religion and aesthetics

Religion and other belief systems

The United States of America’s religion is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s religion is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s religion is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s religion is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Aesthetics

The United States of America’s aesthetics is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s aesthetics is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s aesthetics is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s aesthetics is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Living conditions

Diet and nutrition

The United States of America’s diet and nutrition is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s diet and nutrition is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s diet and nutrition is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s diet and nutrition is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Housing

The United States of America’s housing is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s housing is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (t

Mini-Project II: Economic Analysis Guideline

Introduction

Population

Total

(Growth rates; Number of live births; Birthrates etc.)

Distribution of population

(Age; Sex; Geographic areas (urban, suburban, and rural density and concentration); Migration rates and patterns; Ethnic groups etc. )

Economic statistics and activity

Gross national product (GNP or GDP)

(Total; Rate of growth (real GNP or GDP)

Personal income per capita

Average family income

Distribution of wealth

(Income classes; Proportion of the population in each class; Is the distribution distorted?)

Principal industries

(What proportion of the GNP does each industry contribute? Ratio of private to publicly owned industries etc.)

Foreign investment

(Opportunities? Which industries?)

International trade statistics

(Major exports; Major imports etc. )

Labor force

(Size; Unemployment rates ec.)

Inflation rates

Other economic activity

Minerals and resources

Surface transportation

(Modes; Availability; Usage rates; Ports etc. )

Communication systems

(Types; Availability; Usage rates etc. )

Working conditions

(Employer-employee relations; Employee participation; Salaries and benefits etc. )

Socioeconomic activity

Developments in science and technology

(Current technology available (computers, machinery, tools, etc.); Percentage of GNP invested in research and development; Technological skills of the labor force and general population etc.)

Channels of distribution (macro analysis)

Retailers

(Number of retailers; Typical size of retail outlets; Customary markup for various classes of good; Methods of operation (cash/credit); Scale of operation (large/small) etc.)

Wholesale middlemen

(Number and size; Customary markup for various classes of goods; Method of operation (cash/credit) etc.)

Media

Availability of media

Costs

(Television; Radio; Print; Other media (cinema, outdoor, etc.)

Summary

Sources of information

Appendixes (If applicable)

Helpful Country Profiles websites:

BBC News Country Profiles http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/country_profiles/default.stmCIA factbook: https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/Global Edge Country Insights: https://globaledge.msu.edu/global-insights/by/country

Writing instructions:

12-font size, times new roman, 1-inch margin on all sides, single-spaced. Suggest to Keep and only keep two levels of subtitle. APA or MLA format. No page limit.

Try to avoid the following Fatal Writing Flaws. If you have multiple writing flaws in your paper, you will have a lower grade.

1. Subject/Verb Agreement

2. Rambling/Run-On Sentences

3. Grammatical Errors

4. Poor Sentence Structure

5. Pervasive Spelling Errors (more than a couple typos)

6. Informal or Inappropriate Language

7. No Conclusion

If this paper contains ANY plagiarized content, you will fail the course. Plagiarized content includes any and all of the following:

Material taken word-for-word from another source that is not properly cited.

Material that is repeated word-for-word from another source and is not put into quotation marks

Material that is put into your own words but still follows the original author’s thought pattern and is not cited. However, citing something like this is only ok for small points, not whole sections of your paper.

You are strongly encouraged to use references to guide your writing but I am more interested in hearing YOUR ideas and YOUR arguments. You should not rely on quotes from other sources to make up the bulk of your paper. They should be used sparingly and only to support YOUR arguments.

Any sources that you do use should be valid sources such as the text book, library books, journal articles, news stories, or government websites. Any other websites should not be considered valid resources – especially Wikipedia. Use of Wikipedia will immediately result in a failing grade (40).

Purdue has an excellent website with tips and instructions on how to properly use and cite references to prevent plagiarism. You may use either APA or MLA format.

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/Country Project I and II Grading Rubric

____/10There was a clear introduction and conclusion

____/10 Paper has been proofread, with limited grammar, spelling, and punctuation and formatting errors.

____/25Comprehensive and detailed nature of the research. Cover as many guidelines and as detailed as possible.

____/25Interpretation of the collected information. This should not be a list of facts about the country, but a broader picture of these conditions and what it means for international companies. In addition, how this country is different from the United States?

____/20Quality of information sources. Outside sources are properly cited (Reputable sources must be used, rather than only internet sources).

____/10The writing is coherent and flows well.

____/100Total Grade

Format Example is on the next page

Format Example:

Mini-Project I: Cultural Analysis of United States of America

Introduction

The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Population

Total

The United States of America’s location is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Distribution of population

The United States of America’s distribution of population is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Economic statistics and activity

Gross national product (GNP or GDP)

The United States of America’s Gross national product (GNP or GDP) is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s Gross national product (GNP or GDP) is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Personal income per capita

The United States of America’s personal income per capita is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s personal income per capita is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Average family income

The United States of America’s average family income is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s average family income is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Distribution of wealth

The United States of America’s distribution of wealth is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s distribution of wealth is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Principal industries

The United States of America’s principle industries is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s principle industries is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Foreign investment

The United States of America’s foreign investment is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s foreign investment is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

International trade statistics

The United States of America’s international trade statistics is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s international trade statistics is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Labor force

The United States of America’s labor force is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s labor force is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Inflation rates

The United States of America’s inflation rates is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s inflation rates is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Other economic activity

The United States of America’s minerals and resources is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s surface transportation is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s communication systems is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s working conditions is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Socioeconomic activity

Developments in science and technology

The United States of America’s developments in science and technology is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Channels of distribution (macro analysis)

The United States of America’s retailers is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s wholesale middlemen is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s retailing is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Media

The United States of America’s availability of media is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s costs is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Summary

The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Sources of information

National Geographic. (2018). Field guide to the birds of North America. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic.

Iverson, C., Christiansen, S., Flanagin, A., Fontanarosa, P. B., Glass, R. M., Gregoline, B., et al. (2007). AMA manual of style: a guide for authors and editors. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Herrnstein, R., & Murray, C. (1994). The bell curve: intelligence and class structure in American life. New York, NY: Free Press.

Appendixes (If applicable)