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Mini-Project I Cultural Analysis Guideline

Mini-Project I: Cultural Analysis Guideline

Introduction

Brief discussion of the country’s relevant history

Geographical setting writing guide

Location

Climate

Topography

Social institutions

Family

The nuclear family

The extended family

Dynamics of the family

Parental roles

Marriage and courtship

Female/male roles (changing or static?)

Education

The role of education in society

Primary education (quality, levels of development, etc.)

Secondary education (quality, levels of development, etc.)

Higher education (quality, levels of development, etc.)

Literacy rates

Political system

Political structure

Political parties

Stability of government

Special taxes

Role of local government

Legal System

Organization of the judiciary system

Code, common, socialist, or Islamic-law country?

Participation in patents, trademarks, and other conventions

Marketing Laws

Social organization

Group behavior

Social classes

Clubs, other organizations

Race, ethnicity, and subcultures

Religion and aesthetics

Religion and other belief systems

Orthodox doctrines and structures

Relationship with the people

Which religions are prominent?

Membership of each religion

Any powerful or influential cults?

Aesthetics

Visual arts (fine arts, plastics, graphics, public art, colors, etc.)

Drama, ballet, and other performing arts

Folklore and relevant symbols

Living conditions

Diet and nutrition

Meat and vegetable consumption rates

Typical meals

Malnutrition rates

Foods available

Housing

Types of housing available

Do most people own or rent?

Do most people live in one-family dwellings or with other families?

Clothing

National dress

Types of clothing worn at work

Recreation, sports, and other leisure activities

Types available and in demand

Percentage of income spent on such activities

Social security

Health care

Language

Official language(s)

Spoken versus written language(s)

Dialects

Summary

Sources of information

Appendixes (If applicable)

Helpful Country Profiles websites:

BBC News Country Profiles http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/country_profiles/default.stmCIA factbook: https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/Global Edge Country Insights: https://globaledge.msu.edu/global-insights/by/country

Writing instructions:

12-font size, times new roman, 1-inch margin on all sides, single-spaced. Suggest to keep and only keep two levels of subtitle. APA or MLA format. No page limit.

Try to avoid the following Fatal Writing Flaws. If you have multiple writing flaws in your paper, you will have a lower grade.

1. Subject/Verb Agreement

2. Rambling/Run-On Sentences

3. Grammatical Errors

4. Poor Sentence Structure

5. Pervasive Spelling Errors (more than a couple typos)

6. Informal or Inappropriate Language

7. No Conclusion

If this paper contains ANY plagiarized content, you will fail the course. Plagiarized content includes any and all of the following:

Material taken word-for-word from another source that is not properly cited.

Material that is repeated word-for-word from another source and is not put into quotation marks

Material that is put into your own words but still follows the original author’s thought pattern and is not cited. However, citing something like this is only ok for small points, not whole sections of your paper.

You are strongly encouraged to use references to guide your writing but I am more interested in hearing YOUR ideas and YOUR arguments. You should not rely on quotes from other sources to make up the bulk of your paper. They should be used sparingly and only to support YOUR arguments.

Any sources that you do use should be valid sources such as the text book, library books, journal articles, news stories, or government websites. Any other websites should not be considered valid resources – especially Wikipedia. Use of Wikipedia will immediately result in a failing grade (40).

Purdue has an excellent website with tips and instructions on how to properly use and cite references to prevent plagiarism. You may use either APA or MLA format.

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/Country Project I and II Grading Rubric

____/10There was a clear introduction and conclusion

____/10 Paper has been proofread, with limited grammar, spelling, and punctuation and formatting errors.

____/25Comprehensive and detailed nature of the research. Cover as many guidelines and as detailed as possible.

____/25Interpretation of the collected information. This should not be a list of facts about the country, but a broader picture of these conditions and what it means for international companies. In addition, how this country is different from the United States?

____/20Quality of information sources. Outside sources are properly cited (Reputable sources must be used, rather than only internet sources).

____/10The writing is coherent and flows well.

____/100Total Grade

Format Example is on the next page

Format Example:

Mini-Project I: Cultural Analysis of United States of America

Introduction

The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Geographical setting writing guide

The United States of America’s location is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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The United States of America’s climate is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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The United States of America’s topography is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Social institutions

Family

The United States of America’s family is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Education

The United States of America’s education is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Political system

The United States of America’s political system is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Legal System

The United States of America’s legal system is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Social organization

The United States of America’s social organization is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Religion and aesthetics

Religion and other belief systems

The United States of America’s religion is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Aesthetics

The United States of America’s aesthetics is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Living conditions

Diet and nutrition

The United States of America’s diet and nutrition is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

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Housing

The United States of America’s housing is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Mini-Project II Economic Analysis Guideline (2)

Mini-Project II: Economic Analysis Guideline

Introduction

Population

Total

(Growth rates; Number of live births; Birthrates etc.)

Distribution of population

(Age; Sex; Geographic areas (urban, suburban, and rural density and concentration); Migration rates and patterns; Ethnic groups etc. )

Economic statistics and activity

Gross national product (GNP or GDP)

(Total; Rate of growth (real GNP or GDP)

Personal income per capita

Average family income

Distribution of wealth

(Income classes; Proportion of the population in each class; Is the distribution distorted?)

Principal industries

(What proportion of the GNP does each industry contribute? Ratio of private to publicly owned industries etc.)

Foreign investment

(Opportunities? Which industries?)

International trade statistics

(Major exports; Major imports etc. )

Labor force

(Size; Unemployment rates ec.)

Inflation rates

Other economic activity

Minerals and resources

Surface transportation

(Modes; Availability; Usage rates; Ports etc. )

Communication systems

(Types; Availability; Usage rates etc. )

Working conditions

(Employer-employee relations; Employee participation; Salaries and benefits etc. )

Socioeconomic activity

Developments in science and technology

(Current technology available (computers, machinery, tools, etc.); Percentage of GNP invested in research and development; Technological skills of the labor force and general population etc.)

Channels of distribution (macro analysis)

Retailers

(Number of retailers; Typical size of retail outlets; Customary markup for various classes of good; Methods of operation (cash/credit); Scale of operation (large/small) etc.)

Wholesale middlemen

(Number and size; Customary markup for various classes of goods; Method of operation (cash/credit) etc.)

Media

Availability of media

Costs

(Television; Radio; Print; Other media (cinema, outdoor, etc.)

Summary

Sources of information

Appendixes (If applicable)

Helpful Country Profiles websites:

Writing instructions:

12-font size, times new roman, 1-inch margin on all sides, single-spaced. Suggest to Keep and only keep two levels of subtitle. APA or MLA format. No page limit.

Try to avoid the following Fatal Writing Flaws. If you have multiple writing flaws in your paper, you will have a lower grade.

1. Subject/Verb Agreement

2. Rambling/Run-On Sentences

3. Grammatical Errors

4. Poor Sentence Structure

5. Pervasive Spelling Errors (more than a couple typos)

6. Informal or Inappropriate Language

7. No Conclusion

If this paper contains ANY plagiarized content, you will fail the course. Plagiarized content includes any and all of the following:

Material taken word-for-word from another source that is not properly cited.

Material that is repeated word-for-word from another source and is not put into quotation marks

Purdue has an excellent website with tips and instructions on how to properly use and cite references to prevent plagiarism. You may use either APA or MLA format.

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/Country Project I and II Grading Rubric

____/10There was a clear introduction and conclusion

____/10 Paper has been proofread, with limited grammar, spelling, and punctuation and formatting errors.

____/25Comprehensive and detailed nature of the research. Cover as many guidelines and as detailed as possible.

____/20Quality of information sources. Outside sources are properly cited (Reputable sources must be used, rather than only internet sources).

____/10The writing is coherent and flows well.

____/100Total Grade

Format Example is on the next page

Format Example:

Mini-Project I: Cultural Analysis of United States of America

Introduction

Population

Total

Distribution of population

The United States of America’s distribution of population is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Economic statistics and activity

Gross national product (GNP or GDP)

The United States of America’s Gross national product (GNP or GDP) is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Personal income per capita

The United States of America’s personal income per capita is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Average family income

The United States of America’s average family income is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Distribution of wealth

The United States of America’s distribution of wealth is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Principal industries

The United States of America’s principle industries is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Foreign investment

The United States of America’s foreign investment is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

International trade statistics

The United States of America’s international trade statistics is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Labor force

The United States of America’s labor force is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Inflation rates

The United States of America’s inflation rates is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Other economic activity

The United States of America’s minerals and resources is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s surface transportation is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s communication systems is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s working conditions is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Socioeconomic activity

Developments in science and technology

The United States of America’s developments in science and technology is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Channels of distribution (macro analysis)

The United States of America’s retailers is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s wholesale middlemen is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s retailing is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Media

The United States of America’s availability of media is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

The United States of America’s costs is The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country). The United States of America, commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country with 50 states, with a population of over 327 million people (the third most populous country).

Summary

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Sources of information

National Geographic. (2018). Field guide to the birds of North America. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic.

Iverson, C., Christiansen, S., Flanagin, A., Fontanarosa, P. B., Glass, R. M., Gregoline, B., et al. (2007). AMA manual of style: a guide for authors and editors. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Herrnstein, R., & Murray, C. (1994). The bell curve: intelligence and class structure in American life. New York, NY: Free Press.

Appendixes (If applicable)

Marijuana Effects on Students

Students Name

Professors Name

Course Number

Date

Marijuana Effects on Students

Marijuana is also known as weed, cannabis, dope or pot. It is made up of dried flowers and leaves of the cannabis plant. It is made up of compounds such as tetrahydrocannabinol which is also known as THC and Cannabidiol also known as CBD. The THC has a powerful mind-altering effect while CBD has no effects at all. There are many methods to use Marijuana, and each unexpectedly influences users. Marijuana can be moved up and smoked like a cigarette (joint) or an unpolished stogie. Cannabis can be burned in a pipe as well. People mix it in sustenance once in a while and eat it or mix it as a tea (edibles). Smoking oils, thoughts, and Marijuana plant concentrate are on the rise. It is called “spotting” by individuals who use this training.

Marijuana use among students has become widespread since it’s the most affordable and readily available among students. According to the Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention Higher Education Center, nearly 33 percent of all Americans sooner or later tried weed in their lives. Marijuana, also known as pot or marijuana, is seen as a tranquilizing portal that prompts sedates with progressively positive results more earnestly. (Herbert, 1973, pg. 259-270) Cannabis in itself is overflowing with positive reactions, especially when it comes to the creation of psyches and bodies. Students adequately concerned about grown-up obligations and classes, often swing to pot for discharge, failing to understand the impacts of marijuana usefully.

Assessments and educational achievement are very often associated with undergraduate medication abuse, reports the Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention Higher Education Center. Understudies that smoke pot is bound to invest extreme energy measures at meetings and take less time into account. In a recent study carried out among the peers in 2012, cannabis use was found to be heavily abused among teens. Marijuana affects the attention and concentration of a student plus the memory is also greatly affected. Those students using this drug mostly find themselves having issues of memory loss or low level during classes. There is a notion that when you take this drug, then one becomes cleverer of one can concentrate and work extra hard which is a white lie.

More seniors in high school smoke pot now than smoke cigarettes and seniors in high school are mostly prone to smoking weed as they are to drink starting in 2015. Students using marijuana are less likely to spend more than two hours out of every day in studies and typically transmit a normal or less. Understudies using marijuana will concentrate, misguided thinking capabilities and decrease long haul memory in general experience issues. Long term usage prompts inspiration drained and worries about the future and their professions. Many high school teachers would ask for dissent and believe pot authorization to be the biggest up and upcoming test in and around schools. The proof is also their adversary. Someone who smokes weed everyday may work most or continuously in a diminished academic dimension. Extensive evidence recommends that undergraduates who smoke pot have less successful educational results than their non-smoking peers.

Someone who smokes weed every day may work most or continuously in a diminished academic dimension. Extensive evidence suggests that undergraduates who smoke pot have less successful educational results than their non-smoking peers. Similarly, a few investigations have linked enormous cannabis use to reduce wages, more notable dependence on welfare, unemployment, criminal behavior, and lower fulfillment of life. Additionally, studies have recommended clear connections in the working environment between pot use and conflicting results, such as expanded hazard for damage or mishaps.

Weed clients also tend out of identity propensities and the discharged obstacles that go with cannabis clients to other high-chance practices. In addition to drinking liquor and smoking cigarettes, the vast majority of school matured cannabis clients. They are associated with dangerous sexual practices that place them at expanded risk of explicitly transmitted diseases. Since weed moderates response times, driving impaired puts car crash associated understudies at a more serious hazard. (Christine M, 2013, pg. 702) Cannabis smokers of any age, such as bronchitis and emphysema, are at high risk of developing respiratory diseases. Also, undergraduates still in the formative stages face delays in sexual advancement and a decrease in sperm creation. Pot smoking can disturb menstrual cycles and lead to anovulation decline. Weed use harms the insusceptible framework, leaving a higher risk of disease-creating understudies and slower rates of recovery from underlying diseases such as cold or influenza.

In students, the rapid impacts of weed use are quite often apparent. Endless supply of THC synthetic compounds in cannabis, expanded pulse, dry mouth, and ragged eyes experience understudies. They lose coordination and experience issues that interfere with class work and social connections, talking and tuning in. The modified conditions of being high make getting and holding new data increasingly difficult and understanding new thoughts and data. Maryjane is mentally irresistible, which can prompt a degree-spending requirement for treatment and time-loss. Use of this drug has been the leading cause of impaired coordination among students and also causing a lack of organization on most the students.

Marijuana causes a decline in the school performance of users. This is so because the students who smoke bhang end up getting lower grades because of lack of concentration and most of these students’ end up dropping out of schools. Marijuana use has been associated with a range of mental health issues in adolescents such as depression or anxiety. Psychosis was also seen in adolescents at higher risk, such as those with family history. Unlike grown-ups, the adolescent cerebrum is creating compelling and will not be entirely formed regularly until the mid-20s. Weed use can hurt the creating youth mind amid this period. These students using this drug is likely to experience difficulties when thinking and solving the problem.

Like some other medication, the effects of cannabis on an individual depend on different components, including the past involvement of the individual with the prescription or various medicines, science (e.g., qualities), sex, how the medication is taken, and how solid it is. Other harmful effects on the brain and body could make the pot more damaging than a drug. Another problem with Cannabis as a prescription is that the fixings are not the equivalent of the plant to plant in fact. There’s no real way to recognize what kind of concoction you get and how much you get.

There are various explanations behind the cannabis use increase proceeding between understudies and non-school youth. One probable reason is the steady decline in the impression of danger from regular use of pot damage. In 2017, 27 percent of those 19-22 matured saw the customary use of cannabis as the most minimal dimension since 1980, conveying the extraordinary danger of injury. The use of marijuana may be physically and sincerely unsafe from time to time. A Harvard School of Public Health investigation found that 9 out of 10 understudies (91 percent) using weed are interested in other high-risk exercises, such as overwhelming drinking or smoking cigarettes. It is also linked to a variety of different social and behavioral issues, including criminal acts, confinement, and poor execution of scholastics.

The rapid impacts of undergraduate pot use are quite frequently apparent. Endless supply of synthetic THC concoctions in marijuana, expanded pulse, dry mouth, and red eyes experience understudies. They lose coordination and experience issues that interfere with class work and social connections, talking and tuning in. The changed conditions of being high make obtaining and holding new data and fathoming new thoughts and data increasingly difficult. Cannabis is mentally irresistible, which can prompt a degree-spending requirement for treatment and time-loss.

Some students see cannabis as a purely recreational drug that fills in as a transitional school experience. This discernment, much the same as with liquor use, fails to recognize the potential threats of weed use. Unlike well-known assumptions, the use of marijuana may be harmful. The use of liquor and various medicines may be associated with a wide range of adverse outcomes. A portion of these involves decreased scholarly execution, battle, vandalism, assault by associates, and unprotected sex. While these results are related to cannabis use, no evidence using marijuana makes these practices happen straightforward.

Supported cannabis use for those experiencing trouble in critical thinking and poor memory can directly influence academic achievement. The long-distance application can also prompt “inspirational disorder.” This is the place customers are incredibly unmotivated in their lives and their performance of educational, vocational, and individual goals. Long-distance use can also prompt a diminished ability to manage stressors that often go with self-awareness and accomplishment. It’s a piece of academic achievement. It should be noted, however, that it has not yet been resolved whether weed use causes this disorder, prompts it, or merely is connected with it.

Cannabis is the second most continuous drug used by understudies. Approximately 46.9 percent of the undergraduates reviewed in 2006 have announced their lifetime use of cannabis. Weed use expansion was accounted for among all races and types of understudies, but the investigation found that most marijuana clients were white. Pot use was higher among those interested in other high-chance practices, such as hitting the bottle hard, smoking cigarettes, and numerous sexual accomplices. At universities in the Northeast and least in Southern schools, weed use was most unusual. At universities regarded “concentrated,” and at least at those regarded “not aggressive,” it was also most amazing.

According to a survey done, the use of Marijuana among students on a day to day basis is more than any three decades ever recorded or experienced. The closer day-to-day use of cannabis in 2014 was more typical than the daily use of blue cigarettes, the specialists found. Only 5.2% of understudies said they continuously smoked cigarettes, down from about 19% in 1999. The expansion in cannabis use may be linked to an adjustment in how young people view the medication. In 2006, 55% of 19-to 22-year-olds said they saw ordinary use of marijuana as unsafe, but in 2014, the review found that only 35% said the equivalent. Also, the medication has recently been legitimized by an increasing number of states for medicinal or recreational purposes. Undergraduates can introduce new increases in the use of populace marijuana except when schools use the issue with new or altered weed counteractive action and mediation projects before great location.

Approximately 40% of secondary school understudies have tried to weed, although young people who participate in games or other extracurricular exercises are less inclined to use the medication, as another investigation shows. Undergraduates of high school who took part in sports or extracurricular activities were less likely to use the drug than those without after-school exercises. Adolescents handled a particular case. Understudies that revealed a non-school occupation were bound to have used cannabis than the unemployed individuals. (Parker-pope, 2011) Even though cannabis use is regularly expelled among young people as a kindhearted transitional experience, analysts note that the high utilization rate is worrisome, as the minds of undergraduate secondary school are still creating.

If drugs, such as liquor, weeds, tobacco, and barbiturates are understood to be misused, this will legitimately adversely affect their academic execution. Simple access to drugs at home or school will have an impact if an understudy is likely to be an addicted person. The general population’s way of life in the network and around the school has a legal effect on the life of the understudy. Excessive use of liquor, especially hot mixes, is regular in the area, hence attached to understudies taking the propensity of companions and guardians and holding in the general public with other clients of medicines. Whatever it may be, the demeanor of an understudy towards misuse of medication, affected by instruction and information, may add to choosing not to or at any rate not to take medicine. The influence of these factors on scholarly execution in schools could also be affected by social components, such as network recognition or absence of petition, which was the examination’s interceding variable.

Like liquor, cannabis abuse also plainly hinders scholastic capacities that limit academic performance. A generous minority of undergraduates who are marijuana every day manage very defamed types of behavior that may include, for example, criminal action that conflicts with the law or when people take part in illegal acts to subsidize their use of medication. The use of addictive medicines often affects partners and the more comprehensive school network, such as offering a smoker a room in the grounds. The despair among students of police capture here and there prompts cannabis smokers to disappear subsequently having a negative mental impact, thus inspiring poor performance in academic work and dropping out of school some of the time.

It was clear from the reactions of the students that they knew about the effects of drug misuse. Tobacco use prompts a lack of focus on studies, missing classes, physical deficiencies, lack of rest, lack of desire, and companion dismissal. The impacts of the absence of capable residents, school indiscipline, weakness, and taking, high school dropout rates, poor academic performance, and individual carelessness were also given by school executives who were met. Each of these qualities inevitably leads to dropping out of school and poor execution of scholastics.

In conclusion, Marijuana has been the leading cause of school dropouts and violence. To keep away from this, the administration should ensure that all instructors are all around prepared to counsel and stop the drug use in schools. Cannabis use ought to be directed and understudies discovered utilizing these medications ought to be sent on academic discipline. The understudies ought to be taken through the advising forms to empower them to change generally advantageous. It ought to be the duty of all understudies to state no to tranquilize misuse and deliver those that hawk these medications to them.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), High School Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data. 2016 [cited 2016 November 16, 2016]; Available from: http://nccd.cdc.gov/youthonline/

Lee, Christine M., et al. “Indicated prevention for college student marijuana use: a randomized controlled trial.” Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 81.4 (2013): 702.

Morean, Meghan E., et al. “High school students’ use of electronic cigarettes to vaporize cannabis.” Pediatrics 136.4 (2015): 611.

NIDA. “College students at increased risk for smoking marijuana.” National Institute on Drug Abuse, 21 Apr. 2017, https://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/news-releases/2017/04/college-students-increased-risk-smoking-marijuana. Accessed 25 Apr. 2019.

Richard A. Miech, Megan E. Patrick, Patrick M. O’Malley, Lloyd D. Johnston, “The Influence of College Attendance on Risk for Marijuana Initiation in the United States: 1977 to 2015”, American Journal of Public Health 107, no. 6 (June 1, 2017): pp. 996-1002.

Business and Economic Review In my opinion, the assertions about TikTok and some other tech companies cannot be fully reliabl

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In my opinion, the assertions about TikTok and some other tech companies cannot be fully reliable. Of course, tech companies can pose a severe threat to national security; however, the plan is primarily orchestrated to economically sabotage Chinese technological innovations to allow money leakages back into the United States (“Trump Effort to Keep U.S. Tech Out of China Alarms American Firms”, 2020). Some crucial personal information is left on the internet servers, and some criminals might steal this data and use it to conduct criminal activities. The government has every right to protect its citizens and organization concerning the matters of national security. Some privacy that can be invaded includes personal emails, photos, work information, and cell phone contacts, as they are left exposed on the internet and can be used for fraudulent activities.

I do not think that banning the technology if the parent company refuses to sell the operations to US firms will resolve anything. I believe foreign companies should be given fair opportunities and treated similarly to how the United States corporations operating abroad, provided they comply with the rule of law. The parent company is well equipped to managing whatever technology it has invented as opposed to force-selling in the US firms. Perhaps, they might be forced to sell it, and since they are the one who created it ends up compromising the same data, the United States government are trying so hard to protect. TikTok has done quite a lot proving how more transparent their operations and practices are while playing so hard to disregard any association with Beijing, where sweeping national security law enacted by the Chinese government was made effective most recently (“Trump Effort to Keep U.S. Tech Out of China Alarms American Firms”, 2020). TikTok global head of security vowed that the app is committed to maintaining robust security practices. It has always practiced that, even allowing outside firms to conduct audits on its technology.

There are two main methods for strictly regulating services importation, namely, through quota systems and tariffs. Through a quota system, the United States government can limit the number of foreigners or rather the minority groups entering the US every year while also limiting their numbers in business firms as per the policy document. When the United States imposes a quota to those Chinese tech firms, it will restrict their trade operations, limiting the monetary value of product services that the United States is importing while allowing such firms to operate in our country. In other words, quotas work to boost domestic production at the foreign output expense by restricting foreign competition (Rodrik, 2018). As it is commonly known, foreign corporations are subject to paying a massive amount of taxes. If the United States decides to ban the TikTok company, it will be losing some enormous sums of revenue needed for the economic gains of our country. Similarly, a relatively high number of jobs will be lost in banning TikTok.

Tariffs significantly hamper the economic growth in a given country as it raises prices and reduces services available to the consumers (Rodrik, 2018). TikTok can be forced to pay a massive amount of taxes to operate in the United States, making their operations difficult and even cutting down their revenues. On economic terms, imposing tariffs and strict trade policies lead to a substantial drag in the country’s economy (Rodrik, 2018). Taxes impose costs that extend beyond the direct price of a dollar increases on targeted goods and services. When it comes to US services, the introduction of tariffs might translate to domestic producers’ financial gains since their production is made relatively more competitive than imports. It also leaves the citizens who cannot afford local services more vulnerable to economic disadvantages as import services are relatively lower.

By selling TikTok, it means that the United States government is trying hard to prevent Chinese tech firms from dominating in advance technologies to protect American tech companies. If the parent company for TikTok eventually sells it to American firms, all the money will now be in the United States’ hands, and there will be no money leakages. TikTok may be a revenue source to the United States, but more money is plowed back to China. Through selling will significantly boost the American economy. However, if they decide not to sell but rather be banned in the US, the United States will be losing revenue. In my opinion, it not worth gambling to restrict this trade since it is already a source of income for our government. The government should not only think of short-term goals but even plans. Perhaps, if restriction happens, some foreign investors might be scared to invest in the United States.

As the presidential advisor, I would advise the president to force the parent company for TikTok to sell the technology to American firms because this technology company is currently performing well in terms of profitability than several Silicon Valley tech companies . In 2019, TikTok pulled close to $3.6 billion in profits, based on Bloomberg reports. These figures are far much better than companies like Twitter, who recorded a profit of $1.5 billion or even Snapchat that are currently undergoing losses. The business will serve to protect domestic industries from remaining in a competitive technological edge as China continues.

References

Rodrik, D. (2018). What do trade agreements really do?. Journal of economic perspectives, 32(2), 73-90.

Trump Effort to Keep U.S. Tech Out of China Alarms American Firms. Nytimes.com. (2020). Retrieved 7 October 2020, from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/16/business/economy/us-china-technology.html.

Abraham Lincoln remains

The Experiences of Abraham Lincoln as a Historical Leader

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Abraham Lincoln remains to be one of the most outstanding leaders in the history of the United States. Coming from a humble background and educating himself prepared him for a greater responsibility in the future. He was elected as the President of the United States in the 1860 election. The greatest challenge of his tenure as President was the unexpected dissolution of the states from the Union ahead of the civil war. As the first Republican President to be elected, he greatly opposed slavery as he thought it was a hindrance to social mobility and democracy. This put a target on his back as his conspirators became determined to assassinate him. He upheld the values of honesty and fairness, which he gained growing up. He narrowly escaped death after his assassination attempt in Baltimore was unsuccessful. To implement his vision, he collaborated with the military and connected with his people. He made many sacrifices including putting his life and that of his family in danger. He was self-continuous and managed his emotions by channeling his anger and frustration to other activities like writing letters. He was a democratic leader. Leaders are made and born. While some people are born with innate traits that predispose them to become leaders are a product of the environment.

The crisis that President Abraham Lincoln Faced

The greatest crisis that President Abraham Lincoln faced during his tenure was the unexpected dissolution of states from the Union. President Lincoln had just been inaugurated as the first Republican and sixth president of the United States. In the days between his election and inauguration, seven out of 31 states in the lower secede had already voted and exited the Union (Amar, 2017, p.34). This was the time when the United States had been most divided in the country’s history. Even before Lincoln laid his hand on the Bible during his swearing-in, seven states had already exited the union. This was only the beginning of the crisis as more states would follow as the heat continued to build-up ahead of the civil war coming month. The 1860 election was deemed the most controversial and intense election in the history of America. The main reason for the collapse was the desire by Southern states to continue with slavery. The states were convinced that the November 1860 election that yielded a Republican candidate, Abraham Lincoln posed a threat to slavery and white supremacy. As a presidential incumbent, President Lincoln had declared his intention to oppose the expansion of slavery to western states. In his March 1861 inauguration speech, President Lincoln said that he would not interfere with slavery in states where it was rife. However, he states the states’ secession from the union was illegal and would reciprocate violence with force.

Abraham Lincoln’s Childhood Experiences

Abraham Lincoln’s childhood and teenage experiences had a tremendous impact on his future as a leader. Undoubtedly, the experiences shaped how he handled the secession crisis of southern states when he was elected President. Lincoln had a rough childhood. His mother passed on when he was a boy, and his family moved around numerous times. Lincoln did not want to follow in the footsteps of his family to become an Illinois farmer. He quickly enlisted as a volunteer in the Black Hawk War. This war was a battle meant to move Indians into the United States. Lincoln was soon elected as the lead soldier which “gave him more satisfaction than any election he has ever won” (Browne, 2019, p. 56). His childhood prepared him to be the man that would lead American during the Civil War. Lincoln came from a humble background. He had a desire in him to learn, but at the time textbooks did not exist. Lincoln attended school for a total of one year in his early life. Because he loved to read, he would walk long distances to borrow a book. Eventually, he made up for the lack of education with the reading his did during his spare time. He eventually became an educated man after studying law and starting his practice. Although he grew up as a free man, he did not have many freedoms like other privileged white boys from his state. His humble roots made him frugal and non-materialistic. This is the reason why he grew into an appreciative and humble adult. He grew up knowing the values of fairness and honesty. At nineteen, Lincoln co-steered a flatboat in the Mississippi river and was tasked with offloading the produce from the boat and returning the money earned to his employer. He witnessed first-hand the mistreatment and auctions of slaves, which shaped his views about the horrors of slavery and the world in general. These experiences shaped him to become a renowned leader in the history of the United States.

The Obstacles Abraham Lincoln Faced During the Secession of States in 1861

One of the major obstacles Abraham Lincoln faced as he dealt with the secession of states from the union was his assassination attempt. There was a plot to assassinate him in February 1861 onboard a train on his way to the inauguration ceremony after he won the hotly contested election. His attacker James Luckett was hell-bent on assassinating Lincoln before passing Baltimore (Foner, 2018, p.21). His enemies feared that Lincoln would oppose slavery and prevent it from extending to new states. There were rumors about the threat on his life, but Lincoln did not take them seriously. He was traveling in the company of his family and his two secretaries and several bodyguards for protection and he would stop at various stops to give speeches. What put him at more risk is that his itinerary was public knowledge and people knew the cities he would stop. Initially, he did not respond to the threats and neither did he take precautions. He insisted on completing his journey and making public addresses in the cities of Buffalo, Cincinnati, New York, Albany, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Indianapolis, and Cleveland. His conspirators planned to kill him as he boarded the carriage at Baltimore‘s Calvert Station after moving from the train, but this did not occur. He eventually took the threat on his life seriously and with the aid of Pinkerton’s plan, he escaped assassination. According to Pinkerton, Lincoln remained calm and collected as he disguised himself and traveled in the back of a public train until he was out of danger. Lincoln possessed the important traits of a leader, including commitment and confidence. Despite the threat to his life, he still insisted on making speeches to the people even when he was advised against it. He put the interest of other people before his own. He possessed a democratic leadership style where authority is decentralized.

How Abraham Lincoln Sought to Implement his Vision.

Lincoln capitalized on two strategies to implement his vision, including connecting with his people and managing the military. Having developed ordinariness following his 30 years political career in Illinois, he was good at relating with the members of the public. Lincoln always reassured his people and communicated a deeper message about the purpose of the war (Johnson, 2018 p.153). His aim was to fight atrocities in the United States because, in his view, slave owners were a hindrance to social mobility and democracy. Moreover, to attain his mission of ending slavery, he capitalized on his relationship with the army. He had established a good relationship with the commanders and generals which ensured there was no conflict in his dealings with them. Without a doubt, Lincoln was successful, and he heavily contributed to the end of the civil war. Lincoln could not have done anything differently. He did a good job and played his part in calling out slavery as a barbaric act. At the time, not many people were willing to stand up for the truth except Lincoln. If I was in Lincoln’s shoes, I am not sure how I would have responded to the situation. Under pressure, I tend to cave in. Being a leader is not easy, and it requires a person to rise above fear. If I were in Lincoln’s position, I would have probably put my life first because I do not believe in losing my life as I push an agenda is worth it. I value my life more than anything else and would not risk dying over pushing an agenda.

Sacrifices Abraham Lincoln Made

Lincoln believed in the cause of equality for all humans and he put his freedom and life on the line to achieve this goal. Additionally, he sacrificed his time and his family’s safety to put an end to slavery. He was referred to by many as a leader, a martyr, and an orator until his death. Lincoln changed his career from a lawyer and took a political route so that he could make a difference in other people’s life (Koehn, 2017, p.67). Many people also say that he was a God-fearing man who devoted his life to fighting the spread of slavery in the South and prevented its spread in the North.

How Abraham Lincoln Managed His Emotions

Lincoln had mastered the ability to control his emotions, a trait that is imperative for leaders. Subordinates often challenged him and instead of lashing out in anger or retaliating, he would channel his emotions to other activities. Lincoln used to write letters to diffuse his anger and feelings (Nicolay, 2018, p. 67). To overcome his struggles, Lincoln relied on faith and belief in higher authority in times of depression and hardships.

Are Leaders Born or Made

Leaders are born and made. Some individuals are born with intrinsic traits that groom them to become leaders in their future (Rable, 2021, p.121). At the same time, some people might not be gifted with natural leadership character traits, but their environment shapes them into great leaders. They might have a mentor who helps shape them into leaders. Mentors can be parents, teachers, or role models. All in all, grooming leaders requires effort, desire, and experience. As such, leaders are made and born.

References

Amar, A. R. (2017). The Inaugural Abraham Lincoln Lecture on Constitutional Law: Electoral College Reform, Lincoln-Style. Nw. UL Rev., 112, 63.

Browne, F. F. (2019). The every-day life of Abraham Lincoln: A narrative and descriptive biography with pen-pictures and personal/recollections by those who knew him. Good Press.

Foner, E. (2018). The fiery trial: Abraham Lincoln and American slavery. The Chautauqua Journal, 2(1), 5.

Johnson, R. J. (2018). Finding the truth: multivariable analysis and the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. JR Coll Physicians Edinb, 48(2), 153-154.

Koehn, N. (2017). Forged in crisis: The power of courageous leadership in turbulent times. Simon and Schuster.

Nicolay, J. G. (2018). A short life of Abraham Lincoln. BoD–Books on Demand.

Rable, G. C. (2021). Index to a true history of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln and of the conspiracy of 1865.

Business and Economic Review

References

Rodrik, D. (2018). What do trade agreements really do?. Journal of economic perspectives, 32(2), 73-90.

Trump Effort to Keep U.S. Tech Out of China Alarms American Firms. Nytimes.com. (2020). Retrieved 7 October 2020, from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/16/business/economy/us-china-technology.html.

Abraham Lincoln was born in April 12th, 1809 in Hardin County,

Abraham Lincoln was born in April 12th, 1809 in Hardin County, Kentucky. He grew up to be the 16th president of the United States. Lincoln is remembered as the emancipator of slaves in an era where slavery was the norm. He came from humble beginnings and managed to rise to the highest rankings in the land. His parents were Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks Lincoln. He had two siblings, Sarah and Thomas but his brother Thomas died in infancy. Tragedy followed the family as his mother died when Abraham was nine years old from milk sickness. His father remarried to a widow who had three kids of her own and relations between Abraham, and his father became strained as a result (Thomas 53). He, however, had a strong bond with his stepmother.

Abraham spent many years gaining a formal education, mostly encouraged by his stepmother. His efforts culminated in him gaining knowledge in law and getting admitted into the bar of the state of Illinois. After working as a lawyer and making a good living, he tried his hand in politics and served one term in the House of Representatives. He was an influential critic of the Mexican American war, and his views made him unpopular at home. He returned to practicing law and had many lucrative cases.

His views on slavery were born when he was a member of the Illinois state legislature in 1834. He did not oppose slavery for any other reason other than that it was a hindrance to economic development. In 1854, the Kansa-Nebraska Act was passed by Congress to allow individual states the ability to decide whether to allow slavery or not (Foner 5). This act was the birth of the Republican Party by members who violently opposed the law.

Abraham Lincoln believed in the equality of all men. This view was further challenged by the judgment of the Supreme Court in 1857 declaring African Americans as noncitizens of the United States who thus did not have any inherent rights. Lincoln decided to vie for a senatorial seat and won. In his acceptance speech, he declared that the Supreme Court had promoted slavery and division in the nation (Randall 15).

In 1860, Lincoln was elected a president based on his views concerning slavery, protective tariffs and support for the development of infrastructure. It is however for the emancipation of slaves that Lincoln is most remembered. He famously declared that “those who deny others freedom, deserve it not for themselves.” On the first day of January in 1863, Lincoln delivered the Emancipation Proclamation that diverted the cause of the Civil War from saving the Union to the more just purpose of abolishing slavery. As a result of the proclamation, all people who were held as slaves in states that were rebellious would be free henceforth.

His most famous speech and perhaps the most critical speech in all the history of this nation was delivered by Lincoln in Gettysburg. In this speech, he emphasized the importance of equality and the abolition of slavery over just the protection of the Union. The words of the constitution had to be carried out by the people of the day to ensure that “government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.” He was a champion for the equality of human rights and ensured that the abhorrent practice of slavery was done away within the United States (Randaal 23). The assassination of Abraham Lincoln in 1865 was a significant loss to the country as his visionary leadership was just what the world needed.

Works Cited

Foner, Eric. “The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery.” The Chautauqua Journal 2.1 (2018): 5.

Randall, Willard Sterne. Leadership Lessons: Abraham Lincoln. New Word City, 2017.

Thomas, Benjamin P. Abraham Lincoln: a biography. SIU Press, 2008.

Market Research on procurement in the goods category (Gas Product)

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Executive Summary

Market research in procurement and pricing is an essential area of study to enable businesses set prices for their products based on the existing market factors. This research will cover some areas essential for setting prices of different products in a market with the natural gas as the selected product for this research. The paper will analyze the market by studying the demand-supply factors and heir relationship with the price of the commodity.The other areas of this research are the current pricing mechanism for a product and the factors affecting the pricing methods. The research paper will also give the analysis of prices and the mechanisms of setting them to help people understand the trends in various markets.

Practitioner Corporate Award

Market Research on procurement in the goods category (Gas Product)

Introduction

Gas is a substance that is common in our day to day life especially in our homes, schools, and industries. Gas has many uses, such as cooking, in vehicle tyres, in cleaning, and in air balloons. This paper will analyse the market for the gas production particularly from the petroleum products. The research will deal with gas products and analyze the nature of its market on pricing, demand and supply and the extent of the market. Through this research, several issues, such as pricing and anything that has some effect on the prices of commodities will be of great importance.

Market research on gas products

Natural gas is a very important resource has many uses in both the public and the private sector, especially as a fuel. The market for gas products such as gasoline is very wide, and many industries use the fuel to run their machines and propel engines of some locomotives and aeroplanes. The number of the consumers for the product is very high in comparison to the producers, which makes it enjoy a very big market worldwide. Some of the products are hydrogen, oxygen, and methane produced by fractional distillation in the gas and oil refineries. The producers sell the product to big manufacturing industries, transport industries, and electricity production industries.

There is a lot of competition for the gas products that pushes the prices very high for some consumers. There are very few countries with natural gas deposits such as the Saudi Arabia and some Middle Eastern countries. The competition for the commodity pushes the prices up making it unaffordable for the low-income earners. The many uses of the gas such as cooking and propelling locomotive causes stiff competition in the gas market. The procurement exercise for the gas products is long since it has to come from the gas producing countries there is stiff competition among the gas manufacturing companies for the gas market all over the word. Many companies merge and sell their product under one name because of the high level of competition.

Demand and supply factors on the gas product

The factors influencing demand and supply are

The product’s price (Gas)

The market price of the natural has a big effect on the amount bought and supplied by the market since an increase in price encourages the suppliers to supply more. The potential buyers are few when the market price is very high, where many cannot afford the product. However, many gas sellers will not be willing to sell their products and may decide to hoard them.

The prices of similar products

Research shows that a decrease in the price of the crude oil for production of fuels may lead to the high demand for the natural gas products. The gas and the oil products can replace one another, such that one can by oil and leave the as depending on their prices. If the prices of the other similar products increase more than the gas, many buyers will buy the gas products increasing its demand and supply.

Government Policies

The government of the gas producing countries many limit the amount of gas the companies should supply to the marked reducing its supply.

Changes in the level of incomes

Incomes determine the type f the fuel people use in their houses, which means that if people have high income, they tend to buy more of it increasing the demand for the gas. When the people’s incomes are low, they tend to go for the cheaper fuels reducing the demand for the product.

The consumers’ tastes and preferences

Some consumers may prefer using the other products such as paraffin for fuels to gas, which will lower the demand for the gas. In other cases, people may favour the use of gas, which will increase it demand and consequently the supply.

The number of consumers for the product and the population

A commodity may have a large number of consumers favouring it, which tends to raise its demand. If a large population uses natural gas for cooking, its demand will be very high compared to when a few people in a certain country uses it..

Future expectations

Consumers may expect the prices of the gas products to go up, making them buy more of it at that time. The demand for the gas will decrease if the buyers hope for lower prices in the future and increase if they suspect that the prices might rise. If the sellers expect the prices to drop, they flood the market with the product, and if they predict a rise in the price, they hoard the product until that time.

The current pricing mechanism for the gas product

There are different means of setting prices for the product to come up with the best price for it. Some of them are

Government policy

The policies of some governments limit the amount of goods imported through various means such as quotas and bans. The government may set prices for the natural gas products depending on their policies, or it may impose a tax that will need upward adjustments to the price of the gas in that country. Some ways of controlling prices are taxation, subsidies, and quotas, which can either raise or lower the price of the product.

Bargaining

Some buyers try to negotiate the prices through haggling to see whether the supplier will lower the price. If the two do not strike a viable price for the product, the seller retains his/her item. The method is mostly for durable goods, which cannot go bad quickly in case the seller does not find a potential buyer.

Tendering

Tendering is a process where the buyers quote their prices for the commodity and present them sealed to the procurement committee. Once opened, the supplier who bids the lowest supplies the goods and the buyer who quotes the highest price buys the goods.

Auction

Auction involves buyers quoting different prices in the open until there is one, who quotes the highest price. The method involves suggesting of prices until the seller gets the best price for the commodity, after which he/she seals the deal with the highest bidder. Items sold by this method are houses, parcels of land, and machinery.

Factors that impact on the pricing of the product

A number of issues determine the pricing of commodities, such as the environment, which constitutes the presence of distribution channels, inflation, and the government role. The other factor is the size and the type of the enterprise, such as whether it will supply enough, promotion, and delivering costs. Another factor is the prospect characteristics, which defines the perception of the product, market trends, and awareness.

Conclusion

In conclusion, procurement is a very important area in any business and other organizations. The named product has a big market in the world with the producers of the gas exporting large volumes to the countries without gas deposits. Demand and supply are very important issues as they affect the nature of the market through the different factors that shape them. The current pricing for various product includes bargaining, tendering, auction, and the government policy. The factors that impact on the pricing are the environment, the enterprise size, he market type and the prospect. There is the need for some research on this area o find out the importance of procurement in the business world.

Millennials and the Political Process

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Millennials and the Political Process

Outline

1. Every vote matters.

2. Millennials make up a significant percentage of voters, about half.

3. Ethnically diverse and open-minded generation.

4. They can become civil servants to represent their views.

5. Young people hit hard in the recession, issues like college debt and healthcare, unemployment matter to them.

6. Start voting early to make it a lifelong habit.

7. It is easy to be an educated voter; social media is awash with information about candidates.

8. Voting affects the future, adulthood responsibilities such as buying homes, healthcare. Policies by current leaders will affect this.

Millennials often take very little or no interest at all when it comes to political issues. There are several reasons for their disinterest, the first of these being that they feel that politics do not affect their lives. Nothing could be further from the truth. Politics affect every area of our lives today. This has been clearly shown in President Trump’s presidency where people have been divided along many lines, and the nation’s unity has been threatened. Policies enacted by the government affect every area of citizens’ lives including education, healthcare, and taxation among many others (Johnson). It is time for millennials to sit up, take notice and actively engage in politics to safeguard their futures and their dreams.

The first reason as to why millennials should become involved in the political process is that every single one of their votes matters. In a country with millions upon millions of voters, it is easy for someone to think, but mine is just one vote. If everyone else votes then the one vote will not count. If every single millennial adopted such a mindset, there would be trouble for the voting process known as voter apathy (Quaranta 796). In the 2016 election, the fact that every vote counts came to be seen clearly. While the president did not win the popular vote, he won the Electoral College votes. Had more people turned out to vote perhaps the outcome may have been different. Many leaders such as Senator Al Franken of Minnesota in 2009 have won elections by a very small margin.

The second reason as to why millennials should become a part of the political process is that they make a significant part of the voting population. The population of millennials is fast growing and will soon outnumber the baby boomers. Their large numbers mean that they cannot afford to sit back and let others make decisions for them (Oakley). They should take advantage of their numbers. Millennials can swing the vote in the direction that they please because of the large part of voters that they make. Given the fact that they are capable of determining the election, it would be unwise not to stand up and be counted in the political process.

Millennials come from diverse backgrounds in terms of race, ethnicity, education, mindset among many other factors. This means that their opinions are quite diverse as well. For this reason, their interaction with people of different backgrounds has enabled them to be open-minded. Older generations may have grown up with people of the same mindset that renders them incapable of open-mindedness that the millennials posses. Because of this diversity, millennials are poised to have liberal opinions on matters affecting them today (Miller). They should, therefore, be involved in the political process to ensure inclusivity and diversity in leadership.

In recent years, we have seen the age of civil servants become younger and younger. In the past civil servants were assumed to be old people and this is one of the reasons that millennials have been mostly disinterested in politics. However, it has been seen that young people are equally capable of being outstanding leaders and making the right policies in their areas of expertise. The young people taking up leadership positions in the political sphere means that they can advocate for matters that are important to their peers and ensure that they make their voices heard.

Millennials are the hardest hit by economic crises such as recessions. This is because they make up a large part of the population. Problems such as healthcare, unemployment, and debt affect them the most. Most students in college take federal loans to help them finance their education. After college during times of recession, they might find it hard to get employment that will help them pay off their loans. Because of problems like these, young people should play an active role in the political process. They must ensure that the leaders they vote for will advocate for policies that will make their lives better.

To develop a lifelong habit of voting, it is crucial that millennials start voting early on in life. As with any other practice, it should be formed early so that as one grows older, it becomes natural for them to be a part of the political process. The first time that a person vote is a significant milestone. It brings with it a feeling of responsibility and the young voter feels that they are making their voice heard (Oakley). As one grows older and takes part in election cycles, they get more familiar with the process, and they are more informed about the matters concerning them in politics. They will, therefore, be more interested in the political process in the future and it will grow to become a habit.

Another reason as to why millennials should be interested in politics is that they cannot claim ignorance. Information concerning the political process and candidates are readily available on all forms of media, both social and mainstream (Young). During election seasons, the media takes time to disseminate information and make the voter as informed as possible. With the availability of data, the millennials have no excuse to remain aloof. They can make an informed decision quickly and easily and thus lend their voice to the political process.

Millennials should be a part of the political process because it affects their future. It is normal for millennials to assume that the current crop of leaders has no impact on their lives. This is a misguided view. While today’s leaders may seem to have no effect on their lives, the policies that the leaders make today have potentially long term effects. There is every reason for millennials to be actively involved in the political process as it will undoubtedly affect their lives in the future. Policies relating to areas such as healthcare, education, employment, housing, and taxation affect the life of every citizen (Miller). Millennials should ensure that they use their numbers to vote into office those leaders that they feel represent their interests both in the short term and in the long run.

Perhaps the most important reason as to why millennials should be a part of the political process is because it is their constitutional right. All citizens have the right to vote. It is their right as well as their responsibility to vote into office leaders to represent them at the local and national levels. Exercising this right ensures that millennials safeguard their voice in government and also that their interests are articulated and expressed. They cannot afford to ignore politics as every aspect of their lives is influenced by politics.

From these arguments, it is clear that millennials have every reason to be a part of the political process. The world today is controlled by politics; hence every citizen should make sure that they have a say in the leaders that are chosen to represent them. The fact that they make up such a large part of the voting numbers in the country means that millennials have a big say in politics and leadership of this country. Voter apathy is quite rampant among the millennials (Quaranta 801). Political candidates should, therefore, ensure that they woo the young people by educating them on the relevance of politics to their lives. During political campaigns, those candidates who have been popular among the younger generation have a higher chance of winning (Young).

Millennials can no longer afford to ignore the political process. Their large and growing numbers means that their interests are at higher stake in the political process. Many policies that are passed in the political process affect their lives; hence they should be educated to make the best decisions possible. Every single vote matters in an election hence the idea that one vote does not count should be done away with. The world today is governed by politics, and it affects relationships with other people. Divisive politics have been shown to cause strife and hatred among people of one country. With the diversity among millennials, they are in the best position to bring unity and elect leaders that have the best interests of the country at heart.

Works Cited

Johnson, Meghan. “Milennials: The unspoken generation.” Veritas 1.1 (2015): 6.

Miller, Carly. “The Great Divide: How UC Students See Politics in 2017.” (2018).

Miller, Kiki. Beyond the Ballot: An Examination of the Role of Social Media in the Political Participation and Political Socialization Process of Millennials. University of Colorado at Denver, 2017.

Oakley, David. “The Millennial Generation and Alternative Political Behaviors: An Examination of Political Participation Among Modern Young Americans.” (2017).

Quaranta, Mario. “An apathetic generation? Cohorts’ patterns of political participation in Italy.” Social Indicators Research125.3 (2016): 793-812.

Young, Brittni Jamaeka. “Millennials: Redefining Engagement in Politics.” (2015).

Minimum Wage

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Minimum Wage and the Distribution of Income

Description of the Issue

The debate regarding whether or not to increase the minimum wage has been in existence for a long time. Currently, the federal minimum wage stands at $7.25 an hour, and this has been the case for over a decade. Americans have always been advocates of the American dream. They believe that as long as one works hard, one should earn just enough money to get by. Millions of Americans today continue to work for little pay and reduced benefits in arduous jobs. The people affected by the low minimum wage work in the service sector where they serve food, deliver pizza, clean officers, stock shelves and care for the elderly and young. They work the same jobs year in and year out while still caring for their families, paying bills and saving for college, which is not easy when earning the minimum wage. Despite their best efforts, these essential low-wage workers continue to fall further behind.

Opposing sides of the Minimum Wage Debate

There are two sides to the argument where on the one hand, some people support the decision to raise the minimum wage while others oppose increasing the minimum wage. In his article Real Family Values: Raising the Federal Minimum Wage, Jack Jenkins posits that increasing the minimum wage is imperative as it would lift millions of workers from poverty and grant them an opportunity to contribute robustly to the national economy. Jenkins points out that the current minimum wage is impacting the family institutions by denying them an opportunity to spend quality time as a family. Americans value family time and minimum wage makes it impossible for them to do this. People who earn minimum wage are forced to take up two or three jobs and work even during their off days to make ends meet (Jenkins, 02). This means they earn less than $13, 000 a year, which is below the federal threshold of $19, 530 for a family that comprises three individuals. Because they cannot afford a car, they have to spend hours communing to subway locations in the city which takes away from the time they should be spending with their family at home. Jenkins also notes that increasing the minimum wage would provide an equal opportunity to contribute to the economy. This is because with the increased income they can access benefits and afford essentials like food and rent meaning that they do not have to depend on government services to make ends meet. On the other hand, the Employment Policies Institute article The Impact of a $9.80 Federal Minimum Wage opposes the decision to increase the federal minimum wage. The authors of the text posit that the series of the proposal that intends to raise minimum wage by 35% from 7.25 dollars to 9.80 dollars opines that they would poorly target the low-income families that they are meant to help (“Can Raising The Minimum Wage Reduce Poverty And Hardship? – Employment Policies Institute”, 03). According to the text, the minimum wage is a weak way of reducing poverty. The strategy limits employment opportunities for the least skilled people. Moreover, the text posits that the beneficiaries of the minimum wage would only be the young population who are 25years old or below.

Analysis of Evidence

As regards evidence, both articles employ various strategies to support their notion. Jenkins references statistics and a personal narrative from Aarin Foster, who is a single father of two daughters surviving on minimum wage in Chicago. Foster narrates how he struggles to make ends meet and provide for his daughter with a low salary. He says that he has to work 30 hours a week and work during his off days to supplement his income. As a result, he always gets home late and only spends about five minutes per day with his daughters. On the other hand, the Employees Policies Institute uses a series of proposals, including the Rebuild America Act, Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2012, and the Catching Up to 1968 Act of 2012, to conclude that increasing the minimum wage does not reduce poverty.

Evaluation of Qualification of Authors

While some authors depict bias in their texts, others are credible. Jack Jenkin’s article is plausible because he is a professional with vast experience in publishing. He was the former Senior Reporter for Religion for ThinkProgress and currently serves as a national reporter for the Religion News Service. On the other hand, the Employment Policies Institute shows signs of bias in the text. The Institute has been known to be largely fiscally conservative, which explains its position that minimum wage should not be reduced.

My Standpoint

From my standpoint, Jenkins position on increasing the minimum wage is more viable than the position presented by the Employment Policies Institute. I agree with Jenkins that the minimum wage should be raised as it would give workers a chance to pull themselves out of poverty. As long as a person is working hard, they should be able to enjoy a decent lifestyle, and they should have ample time to spend with their families and friends.

Works Cited

“Can Raising The Minimum Wage Reduce Poverty And Hardship? – Employment Policies Institute”. Employment Policies Institute, 2021, https://www.epionline.org/studies/can-raising-the-minimum-wage-reduce-poverty-and-hardship/.

Jenkins, Jack. “Real Family Values: Raising The Federal Minimum Wage”. Americanprogress.Org, 2013, https://americanprogress.org/article/real-family-values-raising-the-federal-minimum-wage/