Category: Uncategorized

Individual Company Analysis:

Estee Lauder

(Author’s name)

(Institutional Affiliation)

Introduction

Estee Lauder Company, Inc is an American company specializing in the manufacture and sales of skin care and hair care products specially designed for use by women. In addition to the company’s prestigious skin care products, the company has also ventured into the production of makeup and fragrance, so as to build on the company’s brand. With the headquarters in New York, the company has managed to build itself into one of the most recognized beauty brands in the world. Accordingly, the company has successfully managed to employ low-cost and high volume business strategies, all of which have played a role in the company’s financial growth and development.

This paper presents an individual company analysis of Estee Lauder Company Inc. The paper provides a financial analysis, internal analysis, as well as, an external analysis of the company in its industry. The paper also provides a comparison of the company’s financials with those of its competitors for the attainment of a proper comprehension of the analysis to be carried out. Conclusively, the paper examines the possible recommendations for the company, illustrating how these recommendations can be beneficial to the company.

Financial Analysis

In comparison to other organizations in the same industry, Estee Lauder Company Inc’s has proved itself as a financially decent company in the industry. This is clearly illustrated in the company’s ability to maintain a proper balance between its income and expenditure, which allows the company to enjoy profitability at its maximum. To conduct a proper financial analysis, one must first consider the company’s financial statements for the last two operating periods. Additionally, the competitors’ financial statements also have to be considered so as to provide a comparison of this. Estee Lauder’s financial strength and stability is illustrated in table 1, 2 and 3. Table 1 illustrates the change of the company’s financial between the current financial operating period and the previous financial operating period. Accordingly, the table indicates positive growth between these financial periods, which in turn illustrates the current financial state of the company. Evidently, the company’s revenue are on the increase as illustrated in the table, a trend that has been common for the company in the last three years. This increase is in comparison with the previous years that the company has been in operation, and as illustrated the financial changes as presented in percentage form are positive, which is an illustration of an increase in revenue. However, some of the changes are presented as negatives, which when translated financially, illustrate the company expenses that present an increase in sales and a decrease in costs. The company’s production activities are experiencing what can be termed as upward mobility, based on the statements produced for the last three financial years. Accordingly, this upward mobility is linked with the fact the company has managed to improve their resource management and technologies, while at the same time, reduce the variable costs incurred during manufacturing of products. Interestingly, the company illustrates steady financial improvement with the possibility of even more growth and development in the future.

Table 2, on the other hand, presents financial information regarding the common size statements for Estee Lauder Inc, as well as, its competitors. This information is based on certain variables including revenue and sales, and will be used to illustrate the factors that make this company stand out from its competitors in relation to financial management and control. Accordingly, information presented in table 2 indicates that Estee Lauder is far much financially efficient than its competitors. The revenue and sales cost as illustrated on the common size statement confirms the earlier notion that the company utilizes proper technologies, as well as, reduced costs for the sustenance of their financial health and stability. Additionally, this strategy is further brought out when compared to the company’s competitors as the statements visibly illustrate the company’s ability to utilize these two strategies for the attainment of a competitive advantage. This is achieved though a comparison of the company’s net income with that of its competitors for common share. According to the information presented on the table, Estee Lauder’s return is three times that of its competitors, thus implying the company as one of the best investment opportunities in the industry.

Conclusively, table 3 presents the financial ratios for Estee Lauders Inc, as well as, that of its competitors. The financial ratios presented in this table clearly indicate that the company is slightly above its competitors in terms of financial performance. Evidently, the company has very little debt and liabilities that is calculated in the quick ratio, current ratio as well as, the ratio of debt to equity. The company’s ability to sustain minimal debt and liabilities makes it the best possible investment in the industry, as it demonstrates a lower risk of investment for potential investors in the industry. Because the debts incurred by the company appear as being substantially small, potential investors may also risk the possibility of being termed as being unable to have leverage over its competitors. This is because of the common belief that companies that lack leverage have less returns on investment, which may be as bad for the company as it is good.

Table 1: Change in Financials

Estee Launders Inc.

Period Ending June 30 2011 June 30 2010 % Change

Income Statement Total Revenue Cost of Revenue Gross Profit Operating Expenses Research Development Selling General and Administrative Non Recurring Table 2: Common Size Statement for Case Firm and Closest Competitors

Table 3: Financial Ratios for Case Firm and Closest Competitors

Internal Analysis

Estee Lauder Inc has established itself as one of the leading companies, if not the leading company in the cosmetic industry. Its financial strong hold, as well as, its customer share has been responsible for the company’s success, and for that reason, an internal analysis is necessary to understand the application of this. Accordingly, three main factors have been identified as the company’s strengths including the company’s overall financial position, finances by products and price. In relation to financial position, the financial analysis carried out previously provides evidence of how the company’s financials are great strengths for the company. Accordingly, the financial statements illustrate that the company has the ability to balance its operations costs and revenues in such a way that it maintains its fair share of profitability. A closer examinations of the financial statements illustrates a 3% increase in the company’s revenues owing to the recent growth of the company’s products as is branches out into the production of new products. Additionally, the net profit incurred by the company also increases with every financial year, which reflects a growth of sales in the company. This is, however, not in America alone, but also in other geographical regions that the company has attained a significant market share size. Relevantly, the company’s operating income has decreased by 15%, whereas the company’s long-term debts have reduced by 4% in the last three years. Another strength identified for Estee Lauder Inc is finances by product, which refers to the amount of money made by the company for each product they sell individually. Accordingly, in the last three financial years, the finances by product have increased by 2%, illustrating the growth of sales owing to the launch of new products. When all of the sales are combined together, the net sales for the company are increased by 6%, which in turn reflects the growth the company incurred owing to the sale of individual products. Estee Lauder’s last strength I the price, which is a strategy that they have managed to successfully implement for the financial growth and development of their company. Accordingly, most of the company’s competitors focus on high-end customers, something that this company has gone against in the marketing and sale of its products. Estee Lauder has focused on the middle-income and low-income earners, thus making the sale of their products much easier in the market.

Interestingly, the Estee Lauder’s strengths are also the company’s weaknesses, as they both have their advantages and disadvantages. In relation to financial position, the increase in sales may be a disadvantage to the company, as the company is forced to put an equal amount of effort to sustain these sales. For that reason, the cost of sales increase as the company sales increase, which forces the company to incur costs that they would have otherwise used for investment purposes. Finances by products have also been proven to be a disadvantage to the company, thus the probability of being weaknesses for the company. Whereas some products may record a large number of sales hence greater return for the company, others do not provide the same return on investment for the company, thus putting the company in a risky position. Evidently, as the net sales for some of their company products increase, others, such as the fragrances are at a constant decline, which hurts the financial state of the company. Conclusively, the chief threats to Estee Lauder Inc include declining subsidies and government regulation, especially of beauty products that have been under constant watch in the last few years. By employing the right strategies, the company can overcome its competitors and gain competitive advantage in the cosmetic industry. The company should consider business strategies that build on t5he company strengths and lessen the weaknesses for a better financial state than is being experienced by the company at present.

External Analysis

The beauty and cosmetics industry in America is slowly gaining momentum as the market share continues to grow each year. This industry has successfully managed to convince their consumers to demand more products and services, which have in turn secured an increase in sales for most of the companies operating in this industry. Most of the consumers making up the market share for this industry include women of all ages, all of whom are old enough to use cosmetics. For that reason, the market share for this industry will endure constant demand, as women use cosmetics for a larger part of their lives. Accordingly, companies operating in this industry need to develop products and services that suit the client’s needs, and at the same time are available for all the consumers. Evidently, Estee Lauder Inc has recognized the demands of its markets, and has, therefore, developed products that not only meet the needs of the consumers, they are also affordable to the consumers. Accordingly, when compared to its competitors, it is clear that the company provides the cheapest products, thus allowing a growth of sales and market share for the company. The company’s key market is women above the age of 18, who are not willing to spend too much, that they cannot sustain their purchase of the firms products, and at the same time, not too little that they question the quality of the products they buy. The challenges that Estee Lauder may face in relation to this strategy is the probability of the company’s competitors to take up a similar business strategy, which might force the company to be pushed out of the industry. Companies such as Lo’real have provided Estee Lauder with its market share because of their high product prices. If the companies consider the possibility of reducing their prices, then the company might lose its market share in the industry. Most of the company’s competitors are larger and a bit more profitable when considered from the operations cost perspectives. Most of the company’s competitors are also companies that have properly branded themselves and are acknowledged as strong brands in the industry and the possibility of taking up the same business strategy would definitely put Estee Lauder out of business. In general, the company’s external environment is experiencing a rapid growth, which has in turn forced the company, as well as, most of the competitors to develop business strategies that will keep them in the market and ensure profitability for their companies. Only companies that have the ability to withstand the threats and weaknesses while working on their strengths will succeed in this environment.

Firm and Competitor Strategies

Value Chain Analysis

Recommendations

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Bullying

In a world where we would want to assume everyone is a good person, this is often not the case. There are people who are bent down on ensuring that they make others feel bad about themselves by picking on them either on the basis of how they look, their background, skin color, disability, how they dress or even sexual orientation. Bullying can be defined as the use of force or threat towards someone, threats or abuse in order to make them feel intimidated. People who bully others have often been seen as people with a problem as they seem to enjoy seeing other people suffer. It is quite unfortunate that often the people involved in bullying are always children especially teens in high school. Bullying has often been associated with too much emotional impact on the victims and thus one needs to take actions in ensuring bullying stops.

In dealing with bullying the issue of right and freedom of speech arises. It is true one should be allowed to speak out their mind but a line needs to be drawn when this right seems to be causing harm to another person. In a world where technology has evolved so much, bullying has also evolved. Gone are the days where the coolest kid in the block picks on the least cool one or where a child who feels entitled picks on weaker students, nowadays internet is being used in trolling people (Kowalski, pg. 167-186). When one says something, it is important for one to reflect if the statement will cause any impact to the person for example emotional distress. There is also the argument that kids will always be kids and them picking on each other is no big deal. This argument although true, we know if a behavior is not corrected then one will carry on doing it even as adults.

I believe due to the effect of bullying including suicided and depression especially on the victim, it is important that we find ways to deal with it (Rigby, pg. 583-590). An example is legislation of laws that will help counter people from misusing the technology. As parents we should not dismiss our children’s behavior because they are kids but educate them and help them understand that bullying is not okay despite the age. It is important to note that most bullies are often troubled individuals and the best kind of punishment may be offering them professional help. People should also be educated on how the right and freedom of speech should not be used. To every right there is always a limitation and thus if one is causing harm or distress to a person by what they say then they are infringing on their rights

Supporting anti-bullying laws is important I ensuring we provide a safe space for everyone. We are mothers, fathers, sisters, brothers, uncles or aunts and at no point would we want to see our relative or friend going through a situation or being bullied online by strangers who believe to be exercising their freedom of speech. It is true that words cut deeper than a sword and although we are often taught to ignore what strangers say about us online, one way or another we will often get comments that will get to us.

Works Cited

Kowalski, Robin M., and Gary W. Giumetti. “Bullying in the digital age.” Cybercrime and its victims. Routledge, 2017. 167-186.

Rigby, Ken. “Consequences of bullying in schools.” The Canadian journal of psychiatry 48.9 (2003): 583-590.

Name

Professor

Course

Student’s Name

About Bienvenidos Campus

Fullerton College United Program (FC)

Representative: Brisa

Activities:

Issues students transfer to a four-year university program.

Community services.

Students Empowerment through education and unity.

Upcoming events:

District-wide staff development

Supportive services to address psychosocial stressors

Students’ functions such as planning activities, networking, and graduation.

Meeting:

Every Thursday at 3 pm

Room 300

The Sociology Club

Representative: Julio

Activity:

Deals with things concerning the community on and off the campus.

Upcoming event:

School law to prevent suicide (5th September 2018).

Meeting:

First or third Tuesday of every month

Room 311 between 1:30 to 2:30 pm

Movimiento Estudiantill Chicano de Aztlan (M.E.Ch.A)

Representative: Laura

Activities:

Talk to the Chicano students on the things running in the campus regarding the scholarships and durability help program.

Meeting:

Wednesdays at 1:30 pm to 3:30 pm

Room 1013

Involvement: membership is guaranteed through signing up and attending the meetings.

Research Center

Representative: Jasmine

Activities:

Provide services to students who are students who are undocumented or documented to raise an occasion.

DACA retrieval support group

Meeting:

Members meet once in a week on Wednesday.

Upcoming event: Infix*

KinderCaminata Program

Representative: Cindy

Activities:

Volunteer opportunity to students.

Kindergartners are taken to see diversity with students and campus.

Meeting:

Once per week

Involvement: membership gained by signing up on their website.

Upcoming Event: 8th March

Students Equitable Sustainability program

Representative: Carlee

Activities:

Educates students on mutually sustainable habits and clubs

Transmit their effects to the environment and people.

Meeting:

Members usually meet weekly on Wednesday from 4 to 5 pm.

Room 1426

Upcoming events: Bench clean up and motivational speaking about social injustice (20th September).

Robotics Clubs

Representative: Daniel

Activities:

Explicitly offers services to the students where they use stem applications to create robots.

Meeting:

Members meet on Thursdays from 3 to 4 pm.

Involvement: Coming to meetings

AGS

Representative: Brandy

Activities:

Involves the voluntary clubs for students and was the in this case.

Meeting:

Every Saturday between 3 to 4 pm

Room 1429

Upcoming event: Car show event held by the ARK movement which is a car dealing organization.

Growth Mind-Set Club

Representative: Natalie

Activities:

Improving studying skill and

Teaching how to approach the specific subject through their workshops.

Appointment: Organizations and students can willingly contact it for assistance.

Cultivating campus kindness center

Representative: Les-sie

Activity:

Profoundly reminds students to be kind.

Meeting:

Members usually meet at the 2nd and 4th Thursday of the month.

Science Club

Representative: Cynthia

Activities:

Scientific and technical inventions

Meeting:

1st and 3rd Tuesday of the month.

Involvement:

All the majors are welcomed.

Upcoming event:

Bench clean up at Bolsa Chica.

Debate club

Representative: Toni

Activities:

Debate tournaments.

Give speeches to all students.

Meeting:

Members meet on Friday at 12:30 pm.

Room 525

Upcoming event:

Debate tournament in the first week of October.

Fullerton Christian Students Club

Representatives: Charles and Mathew.

Activity:

Provide services to people on how to have a personal relationship with the lord.

Bible study.

Meeting:

Mondays and Tuesdays from 6:30 to 9 pm.

Upcoming events:

Bible study

And conferences from different schools.

Associated Students Program

Representative: Josh

Activity:

Provides advocacy bout to the members.

Meeting:

Every 1st and 3rd Tuesday of the week between 10 to 1 pm.

Room 227

Upcoming event: A Quad haunt at 31st October.

Financial Aid Center

Representative: Rachel

Activity:

Facilitates funding for the school and students.

Meeting:

The students’ workshops are held on Friday at 9:30 pm.

Room 611.

Counselling Center

Representative: Theydon

Activity:

Education and graduation planning.

Appointment: To be dropped in at the relevant time.

Upcoming event:

Awareness week to be held on 3rd October.

FVSI Program

Representative: Yolanda

Activities:

Helps students who have children.

The cat works program welfare deals with cash aid regarding academic, book paid, childcare and helps in getting services like gas cards.

Appointment: an online platform

Academic Support Center

Representative: Caroline

Activity:

Assists students who struggle in any classes.

Hold workshops for writing and tutoring.

Extended Opportunity Program Service

Representative: Yanette

Activities:

Target students who have low income capability

Fostering youths through providing registration priority.

Upcoming events:

The Book Service Award

Financial aid assistance.

Library Services Center

Representative: Val

Activities:

Helping the students with education materials

Provides assistance on research activities.

Meeting:

Book reading group meetings are held once a month from 3 to 4:30 pm.

Room 822.

Upcoming event:

One on one consultation on 20th September.

Bullying in Schools

Name:

Institutional Affiliation:

Bullying is a form of aggressive behavior that is intended to frighten, harm or coerce someone. The bully is often someone in a position of power who actions have an intent and repeats their actions over and over again. The victim in the situation suffers in different ways including psychologically, physically or socially. Bullying has a variety of causes and inflicts much damage on both the bully and the victim. Schools are no strangers to bullies as it is often where bullying begins at a young age. Today there are many movements against bullying and any form of discrimination. In order to understand bullying, it is important to look at the causes and effects in order to find a way to most effectively deal with it.

The causes of bullying are many and varied. One of these causes is gender norms embedded in children by society. Males are often considered to be dominant while women are considered to be weak and subservient to men. It is these perceptions that will lead boys to target young girls. There are many forms of gender violence and inequalities in society that mislead the young boys and men to think that is simply the order of things.

Discrimination is another important cause of bullying. Some discriminatory practices are spread through the school curriculum and other practices in schools. Gender discrimination also emphasize that men and women can only play a specific role in society hence leading to subjugation and a toleration of violence especially towards women. Corporal punishment in schools also encourages bullying (Juvonen, J., & Graham, S. 2014). It passes the message that violence is okay and can be tolerated.

The school environment itself is an important contributing factor to whether a bullying culture develops or not. Some students in schools find themselves idle and having nothing else to do, they choose to pick on those they consider to be inferior to them in one way or another. They bully them simply as a way to pass their time. If schools do not have a strong anti-bullying practices and policies, it creates an environment for bullying to thrive. For example, if a student has been bullied and makes a report to their teacher or any other school staff and they fail to take any action, it signals that it is not a problem. The bully will grow bolder and even torment other kids as they know that there is no one willing to punish them for their deviant behavior. The victims will keep suffering in silence and this will eventually lead to major damage that might go on to last a lifetime (Juvonen, J., & Graham, S. (2014).

Bullying in school is not just about school life. Children come from different families and communities and this context can be a determinant on whether the child becomes a bully or not. If the culture of bullying is permitted at home and the parents or guardians do nothing to stop children from bullying each other, such bullies will tend to take this behavior with them to school. A community where gang violence is considered the norm will give birth to violent children who will bully others. Bullying is a reflection of the wider society in which the bullies and victims come from.

Bullying has profound effects both on the bully and the victim. Some effects such as anxiety, depression and other psychological symptoms will be common to both the victim and the bully. Bullies will also tend to develop antisocial personality disorder and have higher risk of committing other crimes. The victims suffers the most with short term effects such as lack of trust, anger, feelings of helplessness, significant decline in school performance, hyper vigilance, PTSD and even suicide. Those who have been bullied may go on to become bullies themselves in a desire to seek revenge for their own suffering (Wolke, D., & Lereya, S. T. 2015).

Understanding the causes and effects of bullying can give important pointers on the solutions to the problems. School should be a place where children can feel safe in order to be able to learn as much as they can in a stress free environment. The first step in dealing with bullying is ensuring a good communication policy where those who have been bullied are free enough to speak to a trusted adult or friend. Staff and children should be trained on what to do in case of bullying. Art such as poems and plays can be an important way of passing across anti-bullying messages. Teachers can also have meetings in the classrooms with their students to teach them about bullying (Smith, P. K., & Thompson, D. (2017). Action should be taken against bullies while still taking into consideration the fact that a bully’s actions can signal a much deeper problem. Communication is very important.

Bullying is an undesirable part of the education system and much has to be done to fight this culture. The main causes include an enabling environment and societal norms such as gender stereotypes. It has significant effects on both victims and bullies such as anxiety and depression (Wolke, D., & Lereya, S. T. (2015). Solutions to bullying can be found by educating all the parties involved on ways to eliminate it including communication. Parents, teachers, students themselves and other staff members have a responsibility to keep their schools a safe place for everyone.

References

Burton, B., Lepp, M., Morrison, M., & O’Toole, J. (2015). Acting against bullying in schools. In Acting to Manage Conflict and Bullying Through Evidence-Based Strategies (pp. 79-98). Springer, Cham.Juvonen, J., & Graham, S. (2014). Bullying in schools: The power of bullies and the plight of victims. Annual review of psychology, 65, 159-185.

Smith, P. K., & Thompson, D. (2017). Practical approaches to bullying. Routledge.Wolke, D., & Lereya, S. T. (2015). Long-term effects of bullying. Archives of disease in childhood, 100(9), 879-885.

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Course

Student’s Name

About Bienvenidos Campus

On attending Bienvenidos welcome day, I visited various booths and learned about different departments, clubs, and organizations found in the campus. To get the right information about the campus various representative were briefly asked about their relevant fields on the type of services they offer, the clients, their location and functionality as well as the planned events. Among the different booths found in the campus include FC United Program, Sociology Club, M.E.Ch.A Program, Research Centre, Kinder Caminata Program, Students Equitability Sustainability Program, Robotics Club, AGS, Growth Mindset Club, and Cultivating Campus Kindness Program. Also, there are others like Science Club, Debate Club, Fullerton College Speech and Debate, Associated Students Program, Financial Aid Center, Counselling Center, Academic Support Center, FVSI Program, Library Services, and Extended Opportunity Program Services.

The Fullerton College United Program whose representative is Brisa deals with issues of students who want to transfer to a four-year university program and community services as the way of empowering student through education and unity. The FC United has planned for some events such as district-wide staff development, supportive services to address psychosocial stressors and other students’ events such as planning activities, networking, and graduation. The Sociology Club whose representative was Julio entails things concerning the community on and off the campus. Coming 25th September, the club has an event directed towards providing a law to prevent suicide. Their meetings are held either at the first or third Tuesday of every month.

The Movimiento Estudiantill Chicano de Aztlan is a program directed to talk to the Chicano students on the things running in the campus regarding the scholarships and durability help program. The meetings are held during Wednesdays at 1:30 pm to 3:30 pm room 1013 where membership is guaranteed through signing up and attending the meetings. The programs representative who provided the information was Laura. Research Center is another department found in the campus that provides services to students who are students who are undocumented or documented to raise an occasion. Jasmine is the representative, and the members meet once in a week on Wednesday. The KinderCaminata Program volunteer opportunity to students and the Kindergartners are taken to see diversity with students and campus. Cindy provided the information, and one gets involved by signing up on their website.

The Students Equitable Sustainability program educates students on mutually sustainable habits and clubs where they transmit their effects to the environment and people. The upcoming events include bench clean up and motivational speaking about social injustice at 20th September. Carlee was the organization’s representative, and members usually meet weekly on Wednesday at 4 to 5 pm. The Robotics Clubs offers services explicitly to the students where they use stem applications to create robots. The respective representative was Daniel, and they meet on Thursdays from 3 to 4 pm. The AGS involves the voluntary clubs for students and Brandy was the representative in this case. There will be a car show event the coming Saturday held by the ARK movement which is a car dealing organization.

Growth Mind-Set club as the entire name suggests deals with improving studying skill and how to approach the specific subject through their workshops. The organization’s representative was Natalie and students can willingly contact it for assistance. Cultivating campus kindness center represented by Les-sie reminds profoundly reminds students to be kind, and the meetings are usually held at the 2nd and 4th Thursday of the month. The Science Club deals with scientific and technical inventions where all the majors are welcomed. What Bench clean up at Bolsu chica is the upcoming event. Cynthia represented the club and meetings are held on the 1st and 3rd Tuesday of the month. Debate club represented by Toni is an organization that deals with debate tournaments and speeches to all students and members meet on Friday at 12:30 pm. There will be a debate tournament in the first week of October.

Fullerton Christian Students Club has a religious basis where they provide services to people on how to have a personal relationship with the lord. They usually have bible study on Mondays and Tuesdays from 6:30 to 9 pm and their representatives were Charles and Mathew. The major upcoming events are bible study and conferences from different schools. The Associated Students Program provides advocacy bout to the members, and their representative was Josh. They meet every 1st and 3rd Tuesday of the week, and there will be a Quad haunt at 31st October. Financial Aid Center facilitates funding for the school and students, and Rachel was the program representative. The students’ workshops are on Friday at 9:30 pm, room 611. Counselling Center entails education and graduation planning where appointments can be dropped in at the relevant time. Their representative was Theydon, and the major upcoming event will be awareness week to be held on 3rd October.

The FVSI Program deals on the students who have children and the representative were Yolanda. The cat works program is welfare that deals with cash aid regarding academic, book paid, childcare and helps in getting services like gas cards. Academic Support center whose representative was Caroline assists students who struggle in any classes and also have workshops for writing and tutoring. Extended Opportunity Program Service target students who have low income capability by fostering the youths by providing registration priority. The upcoming events include the Book Service Award and financial aid assistance. Library Services center in the campus plays a significant role in helping the students with education materials as well as research papers, and the representative was Val. Book reading group meetings are held once a month, and there will be a one on one consultation at 20th September.

There is a wide range of clubs, organizations and centers in the Bienvenidos campus making it one of the best place to get an education and providing a conducive environment for studying as well as acquiring technical skills.

Management focus on testing drugs among the developing countries across the globe

According to research conducted after Pfizer drug testing in Nigeria, many questions were raised as to whether Pfizer’s experiment was justified. Additionally, there were many allegations, which indicated that Pfizer and his team continued to keep Nigerian children on Trovan in as much as they did not respond to the drug (Gerard, 2009). Pfizer failure to put the children to other alternative drugs was wrong considering the Nigeria crisis. His behavior was unethical. After the failure of the first drug test to the children, it would be risky to allow the company to proceed with the test. The life of children is precious. Therefore, conducting drug tests experiments on children might end up being risky or might lead to loss of lives among children.

In this case, a visiting American executive exposes a foreign subsidiary, which has employed a 12-year-old girl in its organization and against the organization’s law on child labor. The American executive asks the organization’s local manager for the immediate replacement of the child so that the child goes back to school. In as much as the local manager claims that the child would end up being a street child since she is an orphan, the whole of idea of employing the child in the organization is very wrong. After establishing the root causes of the situation, the North American executive would first try to build a consensus with the organization in order to release the child from the organization. After which, the executive would try to seek other alternatives to help the child for the sake of her own future. Being an orphan and no place to go, the best option would be to enroll the child into a children’s home. Enrolling the child into a children’s home would be the best option, which will then enable the child get elementary education and a place to call home (Assefa, 2008).

John Rawls’ concept on veil of ignorance

John Rawls’ concept on veil of ignorance generally reflects on the aspect of social concept, which plays an important role in formalizing economics concepts (Kukathas, 1990). The concept determines various issues such as slavery morality based on thought experiments. In simple terms, the concept blocks the knowledge that no individual knows the real burden and social cooperation benefit, which might befall him (Kukathas, 1990).

This concept effectively applies with reference to oil multinational organizations towards the protection of the environment. Most oil multinational organizations conduct their operations for their own benefits and ignoring the plight of the society. In most cases, oil organizations are ignorant of individual plight and the aspect of social cooperation while conducting their operations for economic benefits (Pogge, 2007). At the end of it, they tend to assume the consequences of their operations most of which befall them.

Outsourcing production

Outsourcing production to some of the developing nations where the cost of labor is generally low is sometimes a good move. It is obvious that no individual possess the right to any job unless the job is very competitive. Labor costs are generally a factor, which is small when it comes to outsourcing decisions (Sharan, 2011). This means that it would be unethical not to outsource in a situation when a different nation is able to provide better and effective services at lower prices. It is ethically defensible if a particular country is competitive and can conduct the productivity processes more cheaply unlike the home country. Alternatively, it would be unethical to allow a poor developing nation to continue production in a competitive market yet there are nations, which can do the process faster and cheaply. Outsourcing will allow strengthening of the economy in both nations. The aspect of outsourcing comes with the whole package. Therefore, facilitating payments after an outsourcing process is ethical.

Reference

Assefa, B., & Boyden, J. (2008). Combating child labour. Geneva: International Labour Office.

Conference on the Evaluation of Pharmacotherapy in Mental Illness, In Cole, J. O., & In Gerard, R. W. (2009). Psychopharmacology problems in evaluation: Proceedings. Washington: National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council

Kukathas, C., & Pettit, P. (1990). Rawls: A theory of justice and its critics. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.

Pogge, T. W. M., & Kosch, M. (2007). John Rawls: His life and theory of justice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sharan, V. (2011). International business: Concept, environment and strategy. Delhi: Dorling Kindersley (India)/Pearson.

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Milgram’s Obedience Study Experiment

Obedience is a fundamental component of the structure of social life. Moreover, it is considered as the essential prerequisite of all mutual living. According to some philosophers, the society is typically endangered by disobedience, while some humanists pressure the significance of an individual’s morality. One of the most popular researches of obedience in psychology was conducted by Stanley Milgram who is a Yale University psychologist. What Milgram did was performing an experiment which centered on the battle amid obedience to authority as well as the individual conscience. His study as described in “The Perils of Obedience” recommended that while under a distinct set of situations the obedience which individuals naturally display, can change them into representatives of horror or monsters towards mortality.

Milgram’s study is also standard for both its results plus the means used of obtaining them (Milgram and Stanley, p.371). In his research, some ethical issues were raised which have some significance in the contemporary psychological study practice, and regarding the method, the study applied. Thus rendering to Milgram’s study, individuals should comprehend that though society values such ethics as freedom plus individualism, it is habitually tricky for individuals to live up to their principles in the aspect of group pressures. Further, this paper examines and analyzes Milgram’s experiment whereby it criticizes the analysis conducted due to the numerous reasons which are in the below discussion.

Milgram, therefore, decided to examine and evaluate how the individuals would respond towards a condition which they were obliged to obey even after understanding that an individual would be hurt. From the study conducted it is evident that the aim of the outcome of this study was that individuals like to entertain authority (Griggs et al., p.318). In general, individuals like the feeling which they get when performing a decent activity. Even though they tend to realize what they are doing is morally wrong.

In the preparation of conducting the study of Obedience Experiments Milgram designated some forty male volunteers who had previously responded to the advert for the individuals who were willing to take part in a Study of Memory. The forty individuals who were picked were designated to vary in age, educational achievement as well as the occupation to provide a complete sample which in one way or another was demonstrative of the general populace. Lastly, the individual subjects who had been selected to take part in the study showed up to participate in a Psychology research investigating memory as well as learning at a Hall in the Yale University’s old campus. After that, the experiment was carried out which mainly involved one subjected being assigned the part of a “teacher” and the other the part of a “learner.” Both of them were provided with a model of 45-volt electrical shock from a device attached to a chain whereby the “learner” was supposed to be strapped (Haslam et al., p.67). The fictional story which the “teacher” was given was that the experimentation was envisioned to analyze the effects of punishment for improper reactions towards behavior learning.

The “learner” articulated some form of anxiety and thus interrogated if the shock used would lead to any effect on their heart state. They were accordingly informed not to worry by Milgram, but the learner was not told whether the shocks could be hurting. During the experiment, they were in different rooms, and thus they communicated using the intercom. The research was conducted, and afterward, the participants were examined and later they were informed that the shock apparatus which they were using was not factual. On learning, this majority of them expressed emotional upset as they thought that during the experiment they were exacting a lot of pain towards the opponent and that the high voltage shocks which they were using had the capability of killing someone. Due to this reason, Milgram was criticized as being impervious to his subjects who in this matter were the participants in the experiment.

However, as the study suggests it is vital to say that Milgram sample was biased as the experiments drawbacks seem to outweigh the benefits involved. To begin with, from the study, it is evident that all the participants of Milgram’s experiment were all male. This depicts gender disparity as it is not explained whether these results transfer to females. Another form of bias expressed in the Milgram’s experiment is that his study cannot be regarded as the characteristic of the American populace because his model was self-selected (Milgram et al., p.114). The explanation to this is that they only became partakers of the experiment by choosing to react to a newspaper advert. There were proper techniques used in coming up with the subjects to take part in the research.

Another critic on the Milgram experiment is that after the study, the participants were stressed and as a result, many have been negatively affected. The research in some form involved playing with the human minds which is not a good aspect as in most cases it is characterized by emotional as well as psychological problems. This can be considered as the biggest issue in this experiment according to how the participants were treated throughout and after the experiment. The subjects were forced to “kill “each other by subjecting them to harsh and painful conditions which were not real. This aspect can result in emotional problems like anger and bitterness and also psychological problems like depression in the individuals’ involved (Haslam et al., p.73). Another flaw exhibited by Milgram experiment is some questions which arise from this study like; how can the leap be made from an individual sitting in a room for some hours flipping a switch or the behavior of soldiers at Mylai? Also, how can two hours in a laboratory in Yale relate to a soldier’s situation plus behavior who has spent numerous years in combat? Therefore the closer one examines at this experiment, the more questionable Milgram’s assumptions become.

However, the experiment exhibited some potentials and advantages in individuals’ daily lives. For example, the study of practical applications increases the individuals understanding of obedience to authority as they tend to follow what the authority asks them to do whether bad or good. Further, Milgram’s experiment outcomes have been simulated in a diversity of cultures whereby in most cases higher compliance rates are experienced.

This study of Milgram experiment highlights ethical issues which are relevant in contemporary times. Possibly Milgram could have tried his concepts on obedience deprived of instigating distress to the participants. Therefore as it is depicted above, his experiment activates the issue of deception whereby deception happens when subjects are not clearly plus being well informed regarding the nature of research. His conduct was not in line with the modern ethical guidelines which outlines that that participant ought not to be deceived, and they need to advise about any potential consequence (Cherry and Kendra, p.23). Therefore it may be contended that Milgram’s experiment influenced the manner in which Psychologists perform their modern research as it reformed research ethics besides the design, whereas contributing significantly to theory in psychology.

In conclusion, as depicted in the above discussion, Milgram’s study on obedience has been characterized by many effects mainly due to the manner in which the experiment was conducted. However what can be learned from this study and experimentation is that it is vibrant that an inordinate deal can be cultured from the previous experiment. Milgram’s experiment educated the ground of social psychology regarding the concepts on obedience as well as authority. Moreover, this research is relevant to the present day psychology in various aspects as it has led to the redevelopment of psychology guidelines regarding the treatment of research patients

Works Cited

Cherry, Kendra. “The milgram obedience experiment the perils of obedience.” (2014).

Griggs, Richard A., and George I. Whitehead III. “Coverage of Milgram’s obedience experiments in social psychology textbooks: Where have all the criticisms gone?.” Teaching of Psychology 42.4 (2015): 315-322.

Haslam, S. Alexander, et al. “‘Happy to have been of service’: The Yale archive as a window into the engaged followership of participants in Milgram’s ‘obedience’experiments.” British Journal of Social Psychology 54.1 (2015): 55-83.

Milgram, Stanley, and Christian Gudehus. “Obedience to authority.” (1978).

Milgram, Stanley. “Behavioral study of obedience.” The Journal of abnormal and social psychology 67.4 (1963): 371.

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Migrant Caravans

Immigration is one of the most debated topics in recent months. The country has become increasingly polarized on the matter with both parties in support of immigration and those against offering their strong opinions. The United States has always been the country in which people can achieve their dreams no matter their land of origin. People from all over the world traveled to America in search of a better life; the so-called American Dream. Millions of immigrants live in the country, both legal and illegal. President Donald Trump’s administration has introduced some hard-line policies in an effort to curb immigration, especially from Mexico. The Trump administration offers several points to support its policy, including claims that immigrants are criminals such as drug dealers. Media coverage of immigration issues such as migrant caravans has been influential 9in the debate. There are two sides to media coverage, a human-centered approach that focuses on the humanitarian issues around migrant caravans and the opposite end is the legal-centered approach that insists on the implementation of policies that crackdown on immigration.

To begin, the first focus is on the human-focused media. An article appearing on the Independent showcases the human approach in covering migrant caravans. In the article, a young woman named Marcial and her husband Reyes joined a caravan bound for the US from Honduras. She was eight months at the time, but this did not deter her from making the 2800 mile journey over several weeks. Two main issues sparked the decision to leave their hometown. The first is that Marcial’s husband could barely make a living as a cobbler to support his wife and the coming baby. They decided to seek entry into the US in the hope that they could make a better life for their family. Gang violence also played a significant role in making them move out of their Honduras home. A shootout near their house left their walls peppered with bullet holes and a dead man at their doorstep (Independent).

Time Magazine offers more insight into the dire situations that make immigrants leave their home and join US-bound caravans. The story of Violeta Monterosso, her husband Carlos and their three boys, is equally sad. They had to escape from their home in Guatemala due to the threats surrounding gang violence. The two parents ran a juice stall to support their family until a local gang came knocking demanding five months worth of profit (Edwards). The gangs were known to be merciless, and many families and children had been killed. The family hoped to get safe asylum in the US, but at the border, they found themselves at the bottom of a list of 5000 people with the same dream as them. These two stories reflect the trend of the human-focused approach in covering migrant caravans. The media tries to highlight the plight of people seeking asylum in the US. All of them are trying to escape poverty, violence, and death.

The second type of media coverage when it comes to migrant caravans is legal-focused reporting. The New York carried an article by John Crudele on January of 2019 that gave the legal reasons why migrant caravans should be stopped at all costs. Crudele begins by acknowledging that immigrants are a necessary part of the US economy. According to him, immigrants are a crucial part of the country since for centuries. The US population cannot sustain the economy on its own, hence the need for skilled immigrants to supplement the deficit. In the recent past, many more people have been trying to get into the country, especially from the southern border (Crudele). Numbers have swelled to unprecedented levels such that immigration officials at the border have been overwhelmed. It is for this reason that Crudele supports President Trump’s building of a wall to stop illegal immigration from South America. The author insists that immigrants should come in legally in such a way that they support the economy of the country and no burden it.

Fox News has also taken a more legal-focused approach when covering migrant caravans. Fox News is known for its strong pro-Trump stances on most issues, including immigration. People who have stood with anti-immigration laws usually cite the claim that immigrants are criminals. This is the same narrative that Fox News adopts in an article on November 19th, 2018. Written by Greg Norman, the report supports the claim that the migrant caravan from Mexico contains at least five hundred criminals. For this reason, allowing the caravan to cross into the US will have serious repercussions. The article explains that the criminals push women and children to the front of the caravan to gain media sympathy (Norman). The border city of Tijuana is overwhelmed with numerous immigrants seeking entry into the US, and the numbers grow by the day. The best thing to do is to allow skilled immigrants who bring economic value to the country. Most of the immigrants would like to get into the country by all means, legal or illegal.

The two sides of the debate, both for and anti-migrant caravans offer strong opinions and back them up with facts. On the human-centered approach, it is clear that many people trying to get into the US have valid humanitarian concerns. Most of them want to get a better life for themselves and their families. The US is still the country that people believe can help them achieve their dreams of a prosperous future. In addition to this, gang violence is a real threat to many people especially in Mexico. Migrants have had their lives and property threatened, and they run away from their homes to try and stay alive. The human-centered approach covers human stories that touch the hearts of many around the world. The stories are meant to gain sympathy and try to soften the hearts of policy-makers. On the other hand, legal-focused reporting tries to emphasize the necessity of letting in immigrants only through legal channels. These people acknowledge the fact that immigrants bring a lot of value to the economy of the country. However, they must be thoroughly screened to root out any criminals that may be trying to get into the country illegally.

In conclusion, immigration is a heated issue for many people, especially immigrants and Americans, whose family may have origins in other countries. People moved to the US to seek a better life for themselves and their loved ones. For such people, they believe that immigrants should be allowed into the country, especially when they face threats to their lives due to poverty and violence. It is essential to recognize the legal ramifications of allowing immigrants into the country. The best thing for the US government to do is to increase the capacity of Immigration and Customs Enforcement and allow for humane immigration policies. When people are facing sure threats to their lives, it is wrong to deny them asylum. It is difficult to point out precisely what will be the permanent solution to immigration, but it is crucial that the US remains open to allowing people into the country. No country in the world can live as an island, but people coming in should be used to add value to the United States of America.

Works Cited

“Migrant caravan: New mother who travelled 2,800 miles while pregnant to seek asylum in US” Independent. 22 December 2018. Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/photography/donald-trump-migrant-caravan-us-mexico-honduran-asylum-a8691416.htmlCrudele, John. “We need to build the border wall to stop the migrant caravans.” New York Post. 16 January 2019. Retrieved from https://nypost.com/2019/01/16/we-need-to-build-the-border-wall-to-stop-the-migrant-caravans/Edwards, Haley Sweetwaters. “The Stories of Migrants Risking Everything for a Better Life” Time. 24 January 2019. Retrieved from https://time.com/longform/migrants/Norman, Greg. “Migrant caravan at US border is harboring more than 500 criminals, Homeland Security claims.” Fox News. 19 November 2018. Retrieved from https://www.foxnews.com/us/migrant-caravan-may-be-in-tijuana-for-the-long-haul-while-u-s-shuts-down-san-diego-area-crossing

Military Life vs. Civilian Life

Introduction:

Here in the following essay we shall be discussing and distinguishing between a civilian life and military life of individuals. Just to have a comparison of life of both people and see which shall be better and having been discussing the advantages and disadvantages of both.

A civilian is a person which is considered under the international humanitarian law which in the world is also known as laws of war. According to this law a person who is not under the membership of the country’s armed forces or the military of that country is a civilian. There is another part which is known as combatant, a civilian is different from a combatant. Combatants are those who are a part of the hostilities of the armed forces. The civilians are those who are offered protection legally from the effects that happen due to war and also from the military occupation. In basic words a civilian is someone who is not on any active duty in consideration of armed forces, the police services or the fire fighting force as said in the rules of United States.

On the other hand we have the people who are a part of the military. A military is an organisation which is formed by the government for the protection of the people living in the country from the people who are the enemies or create wars in a particular company to rule over it. It is organisations who use lethal force which includes usage of the weapons to defend the country from the perceived threats.

A blanket term which is used for the military people is Military Personnel; it refers to the armed forces. The personnel’s are divided in many branches – the people serving the ground forces are called soldiers which form an army, the men serving the seagoing force are called seamen or sailors with the head branch name as Navy, the people serving the army by air are the air forces of the country called the airmen.

These are the categorization and the explanation of the words individually to understand the depth of it; we shall now see the comparison of a civilian’s life and a military life.

Having a consideration of life’s of both people we can say that there are quite a common things and a life of a civilian is almost same as a military life as one has a regular job in both sides in order to have your life going for oneself and its family, to keep things in order relating to bills of the house, housing and other necessities and luxuries as required. In all manner one has to work having a boss over him/her and has to work under the rules and regulations of the organisation whether a civilian in a company or the soldier in the army. In the world today a large number of families are a part of the military or in other words the world is populated by military families.

There are misconceptions about the military life in huge manner amongst the people that the military people get paid very well then what is actually paid, some people also have a conception that military life is a horrible life and it is better and safer to be away from it.

There are also many differences along with similarities which include pay, the health benefits, beliefs and political life and more which we shall be discussing in details. Studies in the near future and the trends have shown that a military job outweighs or has greater weight in demand compared to a civilian sector in comparison to increase in pay year by year and allowances as such which cover advantage to a great extent of housing, health, educational fees, special quotas in various places, added tax advantages to oneself and family members. It is just to be on papers and comparisons if one wants to prove the benefits of civilian and a military member. Being a part of the military is said to be a defining moment in a person’s life and has long-term effects in his and the family’s life.

A lifestyle of a military person is full of responsibilities much more than that of a civilian, the military person is always in threat zone or approaching towards combat zone and risking his life and putting at stake indirectly life’s of his family. A soldier or the military person has to sacrifice a lot of being away from the family for a long time which might be for a year or even more, not being with families in any occasions or for any reason. Deployment at dangerous places with uncertainty of personal life is military life all about. The military organizations have special schools and institutes to educate the people about the same and show them the right path to choose in the field on being specific which is an extra advantage.

They provide education, specialised training and healthcare; it creates job opportunities and offer which include working for the military by travelling to various places in the world. A military person has to be on time in all due manners of the rules there shall be no reasons of getting late or shall face severe punishments. Being well groomed, have living proper standards and presentation standards and talk to people keeping in mind proper rules. A military person in no way say “no” for any specific thing one is charged in protecting the country and if he fails to do so the country shall be at stake.

The job market in the United States is scarce to those who do not have good education or specialised training, in case of civilians choosing for a new career they are forced to pay for training as compared to the military counterparts. The (MOS) Military occupational specialities section under the military act states that any person at any time during his career life has a provision in choosing and opting to be a part of military, unlike normal civilians who are forced to maintain a job to have regular and proper income for his daily life. The military personnel’s are also paid while in training and school for their occupational skills.

Expenses of the training are there but along with that a civilian has to seek for employment in the country and has to choose a place where he wants to be employed in which field etc. But military personnel have no option of choosing as where they want to work and they also have to comply to the orders of working in a specifies location no matter if they like it or not and shall have to stay in any condition of the place.

This is one of the biggest drawback of the military personnel of having change MOS. A major important drawback of all things for military personnel are that the training given to the people is not national recognised or in other words has no recognition apart from the military organisation. On the other hand a civilian having a high education and training can be beneficial to join the army or the military with the point to be accomplished and get a higher ranking and pay as compared to others.

Discussing the benefits:

Health Benefits:

Firstly of all the major factors the main factor of a military job is the Health care factor. A family of a military person is fully and highly secured means is covered under any medical circumstances. There are certain expenses which are definitely not covered but may or may not be available at special rates – plastic surgery. Dental cover is available at lower cost; sterilization is available on meeting certain procedures. In the United States an average for a dental cover is around 30 dollars a month.

Talking about the civilians, most life of a civilian pays on the medical bills for oneself and the family which are not covered or taken care of by anyone except the earning members of the family. Civilians often take loans and are under debt of others for the medical treatments of their family people. There are no extra benefits and special quotas for the civilians for medical treatments as compared to the military people. Civilians have an option of getting their life’s insured through companies but for them they have to pay certain amount of money every year for which they get tax benefits. But many people do not afford to pay premiums for the entire family so they do not get everyone insured. There are a number of exception and conditions under these insurance claims which a civilian has to face which turns down the coverage. This is something which does not exist in the military world as the organisation guarantees the health of not only the soldier but also the well being of their families.

TRICARE is an organisation which is formed known as Civilian health and medical program of the uniformed services. This is a health programme in the United States who provides the benefits of a civilian for military personnel, the retired soldiers and he family dependents.

Pay or the salary:

The salary or the CTC of a military person is low than a civilian as such as it is under the government rules and not as per private company the military person has basic pay, special pay and all these pays have special tax advantages under various section numbers of the income tax act of the country. In certain cases a take home salary of a military officer is higher than that of a civilian after paying the taxes. The civilians have no tax advantages in fact every extra income which a civilian gets from other sources are also taxable being it over and above such as rewards for their work from the company and the same of a military person is exempted.

In normal consideration a research showed that there is also much safe and job security as said by the parents and family of many military person as it’s a government job and same for a civilian there is always a fear of losing the job and there is no security for them. The pay check every month of a soldier never depends on the number of days or hours being on duty there is a guarantee of pay to be received and for a civilian in spite being the best in the company there are chances of not being paid by the company for any reason as mentioned.

But at the same side a army officer shall not have the freedom of leaving the job when he wants to but a civilian is free to resign from the job and choose someplace else to work.

Housing Benefits:

The military people are always with housing benefits like they are off base the organization provides with basic allowance for house which is tax free and they also have army head quarters in certain metropolitan cities where the family of the military can stay and they also have schools, hospitals in within for their children and other benefits are also available. Well in a civilians life he has to arrange for his accommodation and look for the family for the same. All costs of the house have to be borne by the civilian and maintenance of the same has to be given every month for the same.

Education Benefits:

In the United States there are special school and colleges which are managed by the government and the children of the military people are free to study there at no cost and use basic amenities available in there. There are also special quotas available in other colleges for higher or different studies with certain sponsorship by the government if one chooses to. But for a civilian he has to fight for every school admission sometimes even bribe and get rejections, the whole education responsibility is to be borne along with the fees and even take education loans if required for the child and pay interest on the same which is not deductible form tax point of view.

Travel all round:

A civilian need to think where he needs to travel either for work or for pleasure and need to spend on its own for the same i.e. one needs to pay out from his own pocket for the leisure of the family and himself. A military person needs to travel as per instructions through deployment. Other than that a military in his holiday time can travel to specified places with family on the cost by the organisation where they have special links and greater deals for the military. The best part of being a military is they travel to various places which are new and different where they have their postings and they get to see the best and the inner parts of the country be it on mountain peaks or edges of the country where they have the best of the climate, the finest sun rise and sunsets and much more, which a civilian dream of but can never visit those places.

Vacation and the working pattern:

A civilian has to work in the norms of the company and in an average gets 10-14 vacation in a year with conditions in certain companies that the vacation has to be utilised in a 2 parts and cannot be redeemed at once, because of this many civilians do not get the opportunity to go for a long vacation with the family but a military person gets an vacation of 30 days in a year which is guaranteed and paid with holiday benefits, this is the time when the military person can be with the family and spend time with them. This advantage of a civilian is one can stay with the family and work in the same place whereas a military person can meet only once in a year.

In consideration of working hours in a week a civilian normally works for 30-35 hours a week but a military has to be ready on call for 24 hours a day all days a week without excuses or reasons.

Retirement from work:

Every person has a particular age when one retires from work being it a civilian or a military person. In a military the retirement of the officer is after 20 years of active duty and in special cases just after 15 years of duty. There are many benefits that the people get after retirement, they have pension plan in which they get money paid by the military. Coverage of medical is still available for the soldier and his family till death and all the exemptions under the income tax act are also in effect and applicable for them. For a civilian the retirement is after 35 years of service and shall have no benefits except the pension which is paid which is less than what shall be required to the civilian. Normally a civilian is to retire at the age of 60 or opt for voluntary retirement scheme if retirement is required before that.

The extra benefit what shall be considered is that pension is available to the family of the military person if he dies in a war or in general till the death of the wife, and being a civilian no such money is paid to the family if the employee of the company dies.

The above given aspects are the prime talk about comparing a military life and a civilian life. One more factors that can be discussed are:

Fitness of the individual:

There are obvious physical and mental factor and requirement in being a civilian as well as a military person. Being in the military has certain rules of the physical appearance; the soldiers are to report or be on the ground for physical activities on daily basis as a routine and exercise for having a active body to fight the enemy, and to be fit to support the needy. Being a civilian is also important to be fit and active physically and mental but it is not compulsory from their point on daily basis, some civilians follow it on daily basis to be active and other might not at all. One can bring out its best by such trainings.

Towards the end of this essay we shall talk about the most important factor of military life – War. War is one of the reasons why family members do not want their loved ones to join the military as they love them and do not want to lose them. There are few families who encourage their children for such initiatives and are ready to sacrifice the life of their children for the country. Civilians have a life no matter how much tougher but they find it safe and better to be with their loved one and be safe with them. Being on the military face there are soldiers coming home, there is continuing funeral, being home one gets to hear that the neighbours husband or son or father will not be returning anymore which is horrifying. So it is a tough call on to join the military or to be a civilian from my point of view.

Conclusion:

As we see in the essay above there are many advantages of being a military person. We can conclude that being a military person is much better than a civilian as per from many aspects of life, but there are also disadvantages at the same time. The biggest disadvantage is that the life of a person is always at risk being at the military and their family might not even know about the relatives far away from them. But being a civilian one is with the loved ones. The issues of health care, job security, freedoms, travelling with beautiful nights and mornings are addressed but the reality is that life is at the tip of an iceberg. George Orwell an author said “People sleep peaceably in their beds at night only because rough men stand ready to do violence on their behalf.”

The world should be proud of these men who are ready to lose their life for the country and the country people.

References:

Civilian life vs Military Life | Local News | Westman Journal, Brandon, MB. (n.d.). Retrieved July 12, 2013, from http://www.westmanjournal.com/article/20110829/BRANDON0101/110829968/-1/BRANDON/civilian-life-vs-military-life

Comparing Military Pay and Benefits To Civilian Jobs | Military.com. (n.d.). Retrieved July 12, 2013, from http://www.military.com/join-armed-forces/military-vs-civilian-benefits-overview.html

Home. (n.d.). Retrieved July 12, 2013, from http://www.tricare.mil/

Military Health Care: Army Health Care Benefits | goarmy.com. (n.d.). Retrieved July 12, 2013, from http://www.goarmy.com/benefits/health-care-vacation.html

Military Medical Benefits Overview | Military.com. (n.d.). Retrieved July 12, 2013, from http://www.military.com/benefits/veterans-health-care/military-medical-benefits-overview.html

TRICARE | Military.com. (n.d.). Retrieved July 12, 2013, from http://www.military.com/benefits/tricare

Management Dilemma: A Case Of Beer Industry Versus Health Industry

Introduction

Management dilemmas manifest in many ways. For example, it is very hard to regulate multinational companies that profit by selling alcoholic beverages in a developing nation where workers like their beer, and like it cheap, to the extent that alcohol use has become a serious public health problem. Given the core goal of multinational corporations is to gain more market share, this essay argues that there should be a compromise between who qualifies to take alcohol, when to take it, and the price of the alcohol.

The government should control alcohol consumption through legislations that stipulate the legal drinking age, official drinking hours and tax. At the same time, the government should create a friendly business environment for multinational companies to operate in. To this end, there should be a compromise between the monetary implications and the health implications of alcoholic industry since the government earns revenue but spends such revenue in providing health care to persons who suffer from alcoholic addition.

On the other hand, the head office of the multinational company expects all its subsidiaries to make more profit and expand their market. It is least concerned by the health implications of the sale of its alcoholic products to the local population. Moreover, it needs to sell its alcoholic products at a lower price to attract more customers. As such, any regulation that seeks to reduce the drinking hours or increase the prices of alcoholic beverages threaten its overall competitive advantage. Alcohol consumers in developing countries seek to maximise satisfaction all the time. They achieve this by looking for the least priced alcohol products in the market. Since there are many operators in the alcohol industry and cheap alcoholic beverages in the developing countries, consumers will tend to buy more as long as the products have been approved by the local quality standards body.

Lastly, the country manager is tasked to make profits and expand the local market share. He will therefore use all strategies including lowering of product prices so as to fit well in a market where consumers are willing to buy alcoholic products as long as their prices are low. He will also lobby the legislators to enact laws that restrict alcohol consumption or slap heavy tax on alcoholic beverages.

Overall, the government and the country manager should engage each other in coming up with a balanced regulation that discourages heavy drinking and encourages leisure drinking. This can be achieved through slapping alcoholic beverages with mild taxes, limiting drinking to evening, weekend, and holidays, and disgorging the over-excessive consumption of alcohol.