Category: Uncategorized

Locke’s Views on “same” Consciousness

Locke is a famous philosopher who came up with claims on personal identity and specifically identity related to consciousness. He claimed that, “The same consciousness being preserved…..the personal identity is preserved”. The claims are not helpful as he did offer any explanations. Locke introduced a general account that helped distinguish the identity of living things, masses of atoms, and atoms. All individual atoms are similar at one point in time and they stay that way for a long time. The identity atoms do not create any problems because of their unique organization and this is what creates their unique identity. However, the organizations can be affected when changes are made to the atoms as well as their functions. One key function of the atoms is the continuation of life and this enables living things to have sameness Locke believes that a body stays the same for long periods of time and it is only during death that it stops being a body. This is regardless of whether the living thing is a horse or even an oak. Locke believes that human beings are animals and just like living things, they are individuated. Therefore, man refers to the living body that has a defined shape. He is quite aware and informed that there is no settled definition of the word ‘man’. This means that there is a variety of different competing meanings of the word man.

Locke has his own definition and he argues that it involves distinguishing between a ‘body’ and ‘man’. This is after using many thoughtful experiments as well as deducing certain unacceptable consequences that originate from the competing definitions. Locke goes ahead to point out that there are people who tend to differentiate man using soul possession. These people believe that man has sameness from the time they are infants even up to old age. They tend to accept the doctrine of reincarnation because of the definition that they believe in.

It is evident that it is not easy to understand what Locke means when he refers to same ‘man’ and same ‘body’. He has given some perfect examples to illustrate what he wants to be known. He wants to come up with a distinction that will be used for adopting the two terms. He does not want to accept the Cartesian claim that personal identity is born from the soul. Furthermore, as result of the distinction, the issue concerning the dead resurrecting cannot be well understood. For example, he came up with the story about what happens to a man’s body upon death. It is no wonder when a man dies; the different parts of the body disappear to various places. The dead man and his body will no longer be able to come together; hence, Locke’s concept needs further interpretation.

Same ‘consciousness’ and personal identity are quite important and the reason why Locke gives a positive account concerning the two issues. Consciousness means being aware and a sensation, as Locke seems to believe. This means that consciousness is directed inwardly and that is the reason why he claims that, “consciousness is the perception of what passes in a man’s own mind”. Consciousness exists inside the mind and body of a human being and cannot be seen or felt. Therefore, it is different from the sensory perception, which focus on what goes on outside and not inside. According to Locke, the most important aspect of personal identity is that people should be informed about themselves. As time progresses, people continue to exist and people have the option of experiencing themselves as living things. A person is able to experience their own substantiality even when changes are made to a substance. Therefore, the self will still exist continuously and can never be a substance as explained in a Cartesian sense.

The issue on personal identity was related to shared memories by Locke after providing his own unique account. All human beings have individual memories, which can either be in the form of self-knowledge or meaning-based or perception-based. This means that the only time people will have shared memory is when they perceive the same things. In turn, this enables people to have similar or shared memories because they experienced certain things together. However, personal identity is not related to shared memories as it is not unique to have similar consciousness as someone else. In fact, Locke claimed that selfhood and identity have no relation to the mind’s or body’s continuity. People who cannot remember their past have no identity and this is similar to people who have shared memories. However, Descartes is quick to object Locke’s argument on personal identity using his concept of mind-body dualism. He says that “A is the same as B if A’s body is animated by the same Cartesian mind/soul/ego as was B’s body”. This proves that we cannot always judge other people just because we think that we know them. In conclusion, personal identity, same ‘consciousness’, same ‘man,’ and same ‘body’ were well explained by Locke. He ensured that people would be more informed concerning issues related to human beings. However, more people need to do more research into Locke’s works in order to acquire more information about his philosophical insights.

Name

Professor

Course

Date

Media Bias and Effect on Society: Article 1

Grossmann, Matt. “Media Bias (Real and Perceived) and the Rise of Partisan Media.” Niskanen Center, 21 Dec. 2019, www.niskanencenter.org/media-bias-real-perceived-rise-partisan-media/.

The article states the effect that media bias has on the society. Media is an important tool in the society when it comes to the coverage of political matters, religious matters, technology events and any other arising issue. WE depend heavily on the media to understand what is going on and therefore it is important that the media gets to report quite accurate information. Throughout the world media is in influencing civilization and it is thus important to scrutinize the misinterpretation as well as injustice that may be associated with media cover. When we consume the various contents that is presented before us by the media, we are likely to form opinions and if the information is biased then there is high likelihood that the opinion will also be biased (Grossmann).

The greatest policy when it comes to journalism should be reporting accurate information because of the high consumption or rather viewership all over the world. The article points out that media bias is seen as more news coverage as well as more favorable coverage. There are four major types of media bias: unwitting bias, propaganda, ideology and partisanship. Unwitting bias basically refers to the inadvertent biasness in choices on the issues to air. Ideology bias on the other hand tends to be hidden in texts while propaganda is objective news that may have misleading information. Media bias often distort stories thus attracting the attention of viewers.

This article will be an important source in understanding the various forms of media bias that exists and why more than not media houses distort their information to fit a certain narrative that will help them garner viewership. The article is also a great referencing point in highlighting the types of bias that exist and what the media achieves by using these various forms of media bias.

Works Cited

Grossmann, Matt. “Media Bias (Real and Perceived) and the Rise of Partisan Media.” Niskanen Center, 21 Dec. 2019, www.niskanencenter.org/media-bias-real-perceived-rise-partisan-media/.

Name

Professor

Course

Date

Media Bias and Effect on Society: Article 2

Wessel, Lindzi. “Making Sense of Media Bias.” Knowable Magazine | Annual Reviews, Annual Reviews, www.knowablemagazine.org/article/society/2017/making-sense-media-bias.

This article sheds light on why the public society is awash today and the largest contributors of this decay is the media. The article features an interview with an American economist David Stromberg from Stockholm University. He has conducted several research on the media including media influences on politics and policies. The role of the media is providing information to the people. It may be quite difficult for the people to access information on what the politicians may be doing by themselves. Media is a channel that provides big actors with resources a platform to find resources and stories that interest the people and then report it. Damaging media bias is characterized by the misrepresentation of facts, lying or suppressing certain facts.

According to Stromberg, although it is true that media bias may exist, at times the effect of this media bias may not be as huge as we think. Media bias in the United States can be pointed back to the 1800s where most papers had party affiliations and their content was thus slanted. However, by 1890s the newspapers that had party affiliations dropped. This was because most media houses realized it was profitable to write news that interested the general population. The article gives a few instances of media bias for example during the Iraq War most media houses were in support of the war on the basis that Iraq was making weapons, however, Network times had to later come out and apologize for the misrepresentation of facts. Stromberg recommends that the best way of dealing with media bias is changing to a better channel or newspaper. The United States having so many media outlets gives one a privilege of deciding what content one can consume. The disadvantage to this is more often than not we try looking for media houses whose thoughts align to our bias.

Article 3

Ardèvol-Abreu, Alberto, and Homero Gil De Zúñiga. “Effects of editorial media bias perception and media trust on the use of traditional, citizen, and social media news.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 94.3 (2017): 703-724.

Over the year’s people no longer seem to trust the media houses and the kind of content they report. Most Americans believe that the media bias has contributed to the decline in democracies and there has also been an increase in the reporting of fake news. One such instance is the Cal Poly news that was reported by Fox news. The headline for the news was “CAL POLY PLOTS TO REDUCE WHITE ENROLLMENT”. This headline itself was misleading and untrue as it claimed that Cal Poly was using race-based admission process. This was a violation of Proposition 209 passed by Californian voters and thus when people saw that headline it caused lot of anger and people misdirected their anger to Cal Poly only later for fox to retract their statements and offer apologies. There are a few other cases of misreporting and bias by the media that have been reported over the years.

This article will be important in my research paper as it will indicate how the negative observations tends to influence the use of social media, citizen as well as traditional methods for news. Most people nowadays do not rely on traditional methods to get news as most now use social media which is fast as news may be posted or streamed in real time. However, on all forms of media channel, social media seems to be the most biased yet it is the most far reaching. This article will serve as a key referencing point in looking at how various form of media outlets have biased by comparing which is the most affected to which is the least affected.

References

Ardèvol-Abreu, Alberto, and Homero Gil De Zúñiga. “Effects of editorial media bias perception and media trust on the use of traditional, citizen, and social media news.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 94.3 (2017): 703-724.

Wessel, Lindzi. “Making Sense of Media Bias.” Knowable Magazine | Annual Reviews, Annual Reviews, www.knowablemagazine.org/article/society/2017/making-sense-media-bias.

Lockheed Martin

Institution

Name

Microsoft Corporation is a publicly traded corporation that operates internationally with its headquarters in Redmond, Washington DC. Microsoft Corporation has a mission of developing solutions that help businesses around the world realize their potentials. The corporation deals in the development, manufacturing, licensing, as well as supporting products related to computing. It was founded by Bill Gates assisted by Paul Allen in 1975 and since then, it has been the world’s leader in software products in terms of revenue. The corporation is also one of the most valuable companies in the world (Microsoft, 2013). The corporation operates in five major segments that include Windows Division, Server and Tools Division, Online Service Division, Microsoft Service Division, as well as in the division of Entertainment and Devices. Microsoft products range from operating systems used in personal computers, servers, mobile phones, server applications, and productivity applications, applications for business solutions, server applications used in distributed environment for computing, and other intelligent products / devices. The corporation offers a range of products, good working environment, and the required challenges for anyone to work in. This paper aims to look into the Microsoft Corporation and the impact of Lockheed Martin’s mission, vision, as well as the primary stakeholders on the company’s overall success. This would be done with a consideration the SWOT analysis of the Lockheed Martin.

Lockheed Martin is a company that operates globally and majoring in five segments of business operations. The five business segments of Lockheed Martin include Aeronautics, Missile and Fire control, space systems, information systems and global solutions, as well as mission systems and training. The five business segments makes the company be in a better position of getting into contracts with as many other corporations that are traded publicly as possible. Lockheed Martin also engage in contracts with governments such as the US government like the case of 2009 when the United States government contacts took 85% of its contracts amounting to about $38.4 billion (Lockheedmartin.com, 2013). Foreign government contracts on the other hand accounted for 13%, which was equivalent to $5.8 billion. 2% of the Lockheed Martin’s contracts went to other commercial sectors among them Microsoft Corporation, A united States Company that is publicly traded.

Lockheed Martin does its business and contractual activities with respect to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). SEC is an independent federal agency that oversees the exchange of securities to protect investors such as Microsoft Corporation. SEC uses computer systems to assign CIK, a unique number, to individuals or corporations that file disclosure-filing documents with the federal agency. The work of the SEC, a US federal agency, is to ensure security to businesses and individual in contracts. Lockheed Martin operates in a wide range of business with its business operations causing influence on other businesses and corporations (Lockheedmartin.com, 2013).

The company is one of the leading companies that deal in the manufacture of advanced technologies in terms of technology systems, products, and military application services. Its collaboration with Microsoft Corporation creates a strong base for high technology emanating from the computer or digital world (Lockheedmartin.com, 2013). Over the last few years, Lockheed Martin has witnessed a consistent top growth that formed a ground for providing the company with adequate financial stability that promises a brighter future for the company.

The company has been creating a great market for Microsoft products especially computer applications and technologies. Both Microsoft Corporation and Lockheed Martin Company have been working hand in hand towards benefiting the society both technologically and in terms of environmental conservation. The two have recently won contacts aimed to assist in shifting the EAP, fully known as Environmental Protection Agency, to Microsoft Office 365. The Microsoft Office 365 is a new system expected to save millions of US dollars over the contract period of four years.

EAP have been having a long business relationship that is fully proactive and assist in transforming the way Microsoft employees work and their collaboration in the workplace. Lockheed Martin and EAP have created a market for testing the new operating system although it is fully customized to perform a specific task in environmental conservation (REDMOND, W. & ROCKVILLE, 2012). The Microsoft Office 365 is tool of enhancing collaboration and communication services, a transition that could improve the agencies employees in accessing tools of mobility and communication thereby helping the EPA agency to save in terms of its costs.

The part played by Lockheed Martin as a global security company that also deals in aerospace is to offer several cloud services such as proven solution services and secure innovations in cloud delivery. The company would offer migration as well as ensure the provision of services in ongoing integration services and engineering services. The Lockheed Martin Company is also obligated to compile a comprehensive service delivery system to the utility customers and commercial customers. These Lockheed Martin’s activities are done alongside Microsoft services that include deliveries in various technologies such as private cloud offerings, public cloud offerings, government, and community cloud offerings, and various premise solutions in hybrid architectures (REDMOND, W. & ROCKVILLE, 2012).

Lockheed Martin operates in a business environment full of strengths weaknesses, opportunities, as well as threats. This environment of Lockheed Martin is what describes the company’s SWOT analysis. The Lockheed Martin’s SWOT analysis can be established as follows:

Strengths

Lockheed Martin is a strong company whose strength comes from its recent evidence in top line growth. The company’s strengths are initiated internally. Over the last few years, Lockheed Martin has witnessed a consistent top growth that formed a ground for providing the company with adequate financial stability that promises a brighter future for the company. Part of the company’s strength is also seen from its string inorganic growth since its operations are increasing as it grows globally (Adam, 2012). The company has also topped in the list of the United Federal Contracts on two occasions that include 2008 and 2009. It top performance resulting from its growth is also evident by the reception of the Collier Trophy on six occasions. Part of its strength is initiated by its dealings in diversified products that include five business segments of including Aeronautics, Missile and Fire Control, Space Systems, Information Systems and Global Solutions, as well as Mission Systems and Training. The company’s management is very strong that it ensures that Lockheed Martin has revenue streams that are well balanced (Adam, 2012).

Weaknesses

Lockheed Martin has some weaknesses that need to be dealt with in order to steer it growth. Compared with the company’s strengths, the weaknesses are less and could have a negligible impact on Lockheed Martin’s growth and its impact on the growth of other businesses and publicly trading corporations such as the Microsoft Corporation. One of the major weaknesses is that Lockheed Martin has high customer concentration. Customers are many and need great and constant diligence and attention, which may not readily be provided by the company (Adam, 2012). Lockheed Martin lack enough human resource to cater for the customer force such as ensuring conscientiousness in paying proper attention to all tasks needed by customers by giving the degree of care required in all situation. There are also legal proceeding that the company has to adopt when dealing in business and contractual agreements with customers and other corporations.

Opportunities

Lockheed Martin has several opportunities that may stimulate it growth currently and in the future life of the company. The company has several strategic acquisitions from which it can expand its business and contractual operations. Strategic acquisition is possible on smaller companies that deal in similar product line with the company or taking advantage of collaborative business activities with corporations having slight variations such as the Microsoft Corporation. In the US, defense spending is constantly rising, an aspect that provide ready and widening market for the company’s products and services. The accelerating United States military and the space market also broaden Lockheed Martin’s ability to broaden its services in aerospace and cloud offering services (Adam, 2012).

Threats

The company also faces threats in that the global market is increasingly slowing down. The world today is faced with economic changes with unpredictable business cycles. Economic depressions are increasingly experience by strong economies that happen to be the company’s strong markets destinations (Adam, 2012). Since the company operates globally, it faces increasing regulations from governments that are turning their foreign sector as their best sector in earning foreign income. These changes are done through government contracts and twisted regulations. There is also intense competition from other companies that are venturing into the same business lines as independent entities.

From the SWOT analysis of Lockheed Martin, the company can capitalize on its strength and opportunities while minimizing its threats and weaknesses, by employing the appropriate strategies. The company has to focus on its long-term goals and objective and use its financial strength in expanding its enterprise through application of a mixed strategy (Chandler, 1962). It should take advantage of its organic growth to spread the same to various locations across the globe. It should be careful in handling case of regulation in various governments and deal with the problem of increasing customer concentration by offering what the customer wants. The company should also take advantage of the increasing US military demands and the growth of the US requirements. These cases would freeze the available threats such as economic fluctuations, and increasing competition (Siegel, 2002 ). Using both mixed and pure strategy that focuses on a single objective such profit maximization, the company may place its level to a higher point and enhance its profitability.

On the side of Microsoft Corporation, various corporate governance mechanisms are used to enhance its business operations. One of the corporate governance is operating with a legal environment while protecting its consumers and ensuring that they get quality products (Microsoft, 2013). The Corporation also ensures that there is adequate leadership, and awareness. The management also ensures that there is a consistent product improvement through production of new operating systems. The leadership has been effective from the guidance of highly skilled managers who fully the leadership steps of the corporation’s founder, Bill Gates.

Through the effective leadership and management that combine various strategies to enhance its market, the Microsoft Corporation has been working effortlessly while ensuring ethical aspects in business operations to influence o serve individuals and other corporations such as the Lockheed Martin. Its benefit to the Lockheed Martin’s bottom line is seen through the various business operations that the two companies work together in ensuring development within the US and the global communities (Microsoft, 2013). The company ensures the maintenance of its long-lasting commitments as well as leadership in developing solutions that are innovative and accessible while holding to ethical responsibilities such as in the case of collaborating with Lockheed to help in developing environmental functions of the EAP, or the Environmental Protection Agency. This aspect is a good trend in making the Microsoft Corporation to grow stronger and make its computers easier to use, promote innovation, and build strong and collaborate efforts or relationships with various technology corporations and consumers.

References

Adam. (2012, April 8). Lockheed Martin SWOT analysis . Retrieved March 12, 2013, from freeswotanalysis.com: HYPERLINK “http://www.freeswotanalysis.com/aerospace-airline/376-lockheed-” http://www.freeswotanalysis.com/aerospace-airline/376-lockheed-martin-swot-analysis.html

Chandler, A. ( 1962). Strategy and Structure. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.

Lockheedmartin.com. (2013). Vision and Mission. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from lockheedmartin.com: HYPERLINK “http://www.lockheedmartin.com/uk/who-we-are/Vision-and-” http://www.lockheedmartin.com/uk/who-we-are/Vision-and-Mission.html

Microsoft. (2013, March). Microsoft Accessibility. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from microsoft.com: http://www.microsoft.com/enable/microsoft/mission.aspx

REDMOND, W. & ROCKVILLE. (2012, October 31). Lockheed Martin, Microsoft to Take EPA to the Cloud. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from microsoft.com: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/Press/2012/Oct12/10-31EPAPR.aspx

Siegel, J. J. (2002 ). Stocks for the Long Run: The Definitive Guide to Financial Market Returns and Long-Term Investment Strategies, 3rd, . New York: McGraw-Hill, 388. ISBN 978-0-07-137048-6.

GOVT 2306Bill Tracking Assignment

Assignment Overview

Students will pick and report on one of the legislative bills from the 86th Texas state legislative session.

Students will take a position on whether they support the bill passing or not.

In order to support their position, students will need to conduct research and provide information about the proposed legislation.

Assignment Parts

Bill Tracking Activity homework assignments completed in BlackBoard (25 points)

One-paragraph summary of chosen bill submitted in BlackBoard (25 Points)

Four-page Bill Tracking Paper (100 points)

Bill Tracking Video Assignment Submission (50 points)

Assignment Schedule

The schedule for this assignment is:

Step Action Date Points

1 Complete the Bill Tracking Assignment Orientation October 18, 2020 5

2 Choose a bill from the list provided or one that has been approved by Professor Giglio. October 18, 2020 0

3 Complete the online Bill Tracking Activities October 18, 2020 20

4 Submit a one-paragraph summary of the bill in eCampus. November 1, 2020 25

5 Submit completed bill information paper November 29, 2020 100

6 Submit bill tracking video assignment December 6, 2020 50

Texas Legislature Online

Access information about the bills in the reports section of the Texas Legislature Online (TLO) at https://capitol.texas.gov/Reports/General.aspx When you are looking for information on the TLO website, make sure that you are looking for your bill in the 86(R)-2019 list. This represents the 86th regular legislative session.

Content of the research

Position

When the paper is submitted, a position on passage of the proposed legislation needs to be included. While the student might start the research process with one opinion, it is perfectly okay to change that opinion through gathering and analyzing research on the topic. By the time the paper is written, a decision has to be made about support or opposition to the bill. This will become your thesis position.

Details About the Issue – The following prompts can be used to guide the student research and writing. Due to the variety of bills that are being researched, not all of this information is readily available about all of the bills. Students can add additional information if they find something interesting and relevant about their particular bill.

What will the proposed legislation do?

Include some background or history as to why this bill might have been proposed. Why did this issue rise to the point that it needed to be proposed as legislation in the Texas state legislature?

Explain how this bill relates to larger state and/or national issues.

All bills have proponents and opponents. Discuss those who support the proposal and those who are against it and explain the positions of the different sides. (Sponsors, special interests, opponents, etc.)

What are the political pressures for or against the legislation? (Political party positions, reelection concerns, etc.)

Consider the constitutionality of the proposed bill. If the bill passed, might the state have to defend the resulting legislation in court? Look the issue up, it might already be involved in litigation.

Details About the Bill Process –

Provide an overview of the history of the bill from the “Bill Stages” tab. Where did the bill end in the legislative process?

Was there a companion bill introduced in the other chamber?

Provide a conclusion that brings together the research to support the thesis position.

Structure of the Paper

1) Length and Style:

MLA format required

To cover the content, a minimum length is four (4) full written pages and a works cited page.

2) Sources:

At least four (4) credible, unique sources must be used. (Texas legislature online website and the class textbook count as sources. Periodicals count as sources.)

Wikipedia and Google are NOT sources in and of themselves.

Include citations for ALL sources used. A separate works cited page MUST be included, along with short form, in-text citations (parenthetical) citations within the paper.

3) Submission:

The paper must be turned in via eCampus in .doc or .docx format.

This assignment must be turned in on time to be eligible for full credit.

86(R) – 2019 Bills for Bill Tracking Assignment

(Students can choose from the list below or submit a bill choice to Professor Giglio for approval if the bill they would like to work on is not listed below.)

Issue – Elections and voter access

SB9 – Relating to elections and voter access including penalties for voting when ineligible

Issue – School Safety

SB11 – Relating to school safety and mental health promotion

Issue – Raise the smoking age to 21

SB21 – Relating to cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and tobacco products.

Issue – Defunding Abortion Providers

SB22 – prohibiting certain transactions between a governmental entity and an abortion provider

Issue – Protecting religious liberties versus discrimination

SB 1978 – the protection of membership in, affiliation with, and support provided to religious organizations. (“Save Chick-fil-A Bill”)

Issue – School financing

HB 3 – Relating to public school finance and public education. (Also see SB 4)

Issue – Rape kit backlog

HB 8 – Relating to the criminal statute of limitations for certain sexual offenses and the collection, analysis, and preservation of evidence of sexual assault. (Lavinia Masters Act)

Issue – Management of a fetus after abortion

HB 16 – Enforcement of rights of an unborn child; creating penalties.

Issue – Reducing the penalties for marijuana possession

HB 63 – Relating to penalties for possession of small amounts of marihuana.

Issue – Abortion

HB 896 – Relating to prohibiting abortion.

Issue – Death Penalty

HB 1139 – Applicability of the death penalty to an offense committed by a person with an intellectual disability.

Issue – Curfew

HB 1332 – Repeal of the authority of political subdivisions to adopt or enforce juvenile curfews.

Issue – Bail Reform

HB 2020 – Relating to the release of defendants on bail.

Issue – Medical Marijuana

HB 3703 – Relating to the prescription of low-THC cannabis for medical use by certain qualified physicians to patients with certain medical conditions.

Issue – Extending the statute of limitations for sex abuse lawsuits

HB 3809 – Limitation period for personal injury claims from offenses involving child sexual abuse.Information about bills can be gathered from several sources. There are thousands of bills introduced in the legislature each session, so wading through the options can be cumbersome. Some possible sources to look for additional information about bills are:

Major Issues of the 86th Legislature is published by the House Research Organization (HRO). The HRO overview highlights legislation on major topics, including bills that did not pass, and features extensive analysis and statements by supporters and opponents.

Summary of Enactment 86th Legislature 2019 is published by the Texas Legislative Council (TLC). The TLC overview offers summaries of all enrolled legislation, notes effective dates, and contains veto statements.

A Recruitment and Staffing Proposal

Student’s Name

University Affiliation

Cover Memo to the CEO for Recruitment and Staffing Proposal

Date

To the CEO HSS Company

From

Re: Recruitment and Staffing Proposal

I am pleased to provide a proposal to the CEO HSS Company on the best approaches to staffing and selection of the top employees in the company. The proposal will highlight the best methods to use when recruiting and selecting the staff members, who have the best qualifications. The proposal will also provide a cost benefits analysis and a comparison of the approaches to come up with the best approach. The other factor in the proposal will be the metric for evaluating the effectiveness of the approaches and provide recommendations for the best approach. The proposal will analyze the best procedures for recruiting candidates, who are qualified to do the job by use of literature materials. The staff recruited by the application of this proposal will be of great help to the company in maximising profits and expansion.

A proposal for Recruitment and Staffing

Introduction

Recruitment is a process of sourcing candidates to fill vacancies in an organization, who must meet the required qualifications and the stated experience level. Selection, on the other hand, involves the process of evaluation and interviewing of candidates and picking the most suitable individual based on the interview results. Recruitment and selection of senior staff in an organization is a vital process, and the HR, and the staffing office in any organization must be careful to avoid any mistakes. The proposal will discuss some of the best approaches to selecting and recruiting staff in an organization. The proposal will have a recommendation for the best approach to carefully analysing the costs and comparing the approaches. The proposal will deal with a variety of staff members in the higher ranks, such as the managerial level.

Recruitment Approaches

Recruitment Agencies

Recruitment agencies are companies involved with sourcing employees from the other firms at a fee. The agencies carry out the functions of staff recruiting, such as advertising, receiving applications, and interviewing.

Employee Referral

Employee referral is where employees, who know a candidate with the required skills, recommend the candidate to the organization’s management for a job. In other cases, third parties, such as the referees, the institution heads, and former employers may recommend a candidate for a job in another company. The parties, who recommend certain employees, may receive a bonus from the recruiting company if the employee stays past the probation period, such as three or six months.

In-house Recruitment

In-house recruitment involves organizations using their Human Resources personnel to carry out the recruitment exercise. The organization’s HRM takes the responsibility of advertising for the job vacancies in their websites, media, or the job-boards. Once they get a suitable candidate, they go on to hire and manage the new employees. Once the HRMs receive the applications, they carry out interviews and select the best candidate.

Approaches to Employee Selection

General Mental Ability

After the company recruits staff and receive applications, selection is necessary in order to get the most suitable employee from many interviewees. The approach of mental ability tests the cognitive power of an individual and how effectively he/she can handle difficult situations. Many companies deal with activities that require complex decision-making and the person recruited should know how to handle and resolve issues affecting the business organization. The tests administered in testing the mental ability can include the aptitude tests and the problem-solving test, which may be oral or in written form.

Structured Interviews

In this selection approach, the interviewing panel consisting of about three personnel have structured questions with ratings so that they can rate the candidate using the rating scores. The interviewee must explain how he/she can handle a difficult situation concerning the job, the colleagues and the management in case of any disagreements.

Situational Judgement Tests

In this approach, questions with multiple choices form the basis of the interview and selection criteria to test the reasoning ability of a candidate. The test determines the capability of a senior employee to tackle difficult challenges in the organization and come up with the best solution. The company can use on SJT for a longer time by producing copies whenever they are interviewing candidates for hiring.

The cost-Benefit Analysis and Comparison of Recruitment Approaches for Recruitment

Looking at the three approaches, the use of recruitment agencies is more expensive but very effective in sourcing for qualified and honest employees. Since the agencies specialise in recruitment of employees for other companies, quality is their priority. Employee referral is a quick method for sourcing employees compared to the agencies, but there is no guarantee of quality for those recruited. In-house recruitment has more benefits than the use of agencies or referrals since the company’s staffs carry out the interview themselves. The method helps to get candidates, who can solve the organization’s problems through closely examining them and offering training.

The cost-Benefit Analysis and Comparison of the Selection Approaches for Selection

The general mental ability is the best method of selection as it enables hiring of the candidate who has the problem to problem-saving at a low cost. In structured interviews, the rating ensures that the most qualified candidate passes the test through the unbiased ratings. The situational judgement test can help to select a candidate with better problem-solving capabilities to help in the running of the company. The method is also economical compared to the other two in terms of costs because the company can reuse the SJT for conducting more interviews.

Recruitment Metrics for the Company

The metrics suitable for the recruitment of the employees are candidate’s satisfaction with a rating of 90%, manager satisfaction of about 85% and a performance rating of 4out of 5. The evaluation period for the metrics will be six months after recruitment of candidates.

Recommendations for the Best Approach

The recommendation for the best approach to recruitment for the HSs Company is the use of In-house recruitment for it ability get competent individuals. The main reason is that the HRM can recruit the best candidates as they know the challenges facing their company than the agencies and the referees. The selection approach suitable for the company is the general mental ability as it provides the candidate with high problem-solving capability. For the senior management staff of the HSS Company, ability to handle complicated cases is necessary, and the approach that provides that is the general mental ability.

Conclusion

Companies require qualified and honest employees in order to succeed in their operations. To achieve this, they must recruit the best staff using the Agency, the in-house or the referral approaches. When selecting the candidate, a company can use the structured questions, general mental capability, and situational judgement tests. There are many benefits of using the approaches, such as assurance of highly qualified personnel, and honest employees.

Binge Eating Disorder

Student’s name

Institutional affiliation

Binge Eating Disorder

Introduction

Binge eating disorder is a severe but treatable eating disorder where an individual has recurrent episodes of consuming large quantities of food. Individuals with binge eating disorders often consume food quickly often to the point of discomfort. Binge eating is accompanied by a feeling of shame, lack of control during binge eating, feelings of guilt and distress and not employing unhealthy compensatory measures to counter their binge eating behavior. Binge eating disorder is among the top eating disorders across the United States. The eating disorder affects nearly 2% of the global population and is associated with additional health issues to do with a diet including diabetes and high cholesterol levels. Eating and feeding disorders are not entirely about food; they are categorized as psychiatric disorders. Individuals presenting with binge eating disorder develop the condition as a way of addressing deeper issues such as depression and anxiety. This essay discusses binge eating disorder, including its clinical presentation, epidemiology, comorbidity, etiology, cultural considerations, and treatment.

Clinical Presentation

While most people presenting with binge-eating disorders are obese or overweight, even people that are of normal weight also get the disorder. Emotional and behavioral signs and symptoms of the disorder include frequently dieting without weight loss, consuming unusual portions of food within a specific period of time, for instance, two hour period, and eating when not hungry. Another presentation of the binge eating disorder is feeling as if one’s eating behavior is beyond control and eating rapidly during the eating episodes. Another symptom of binge eating is eating even when one is uncomfortable full and eating in secret or alone. Another clinical presentation of the disorder is feeling disgusted, ashamed, depressed, upset or guilty about one eating habits. Unlike people with other eating disorders such as bulimia, people presenting with binge eating disorder will not regularly compensate for extra calories through exercise, laxatives, or vomiting (Dingemans, Danner, & Parks, 2017). They may try to have normal meals, but restricting diet simply causes more binge eating.

Epidemiology

Among United States adults, binge eating disorder is the most common type of eating disorder. Binge eating disorder is more anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa combined. Binge eating disorder affects 2.8 million adults in the United States. An online survey conducted on 22, 397 adults in the United States found that from the 344 people that met DSM-5 diagnosis criteria for being eating disorder in the last 12 months found that 3.2% admitted to receiving a binge eating disorder diagnosis by a health care practitioner. Compared to other eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa, the gender ratio for binge eating disorder is less skewed. The estimated gender ratio for a 12-month prevalence of binge eating disorder among United States adults is 2: 1 with 0.8% of men presenting with the condition versus 1.6% of women, while for bulimia nervosa is 5: 1 (Guerdjikova, Mori, Casuto, & McElroy, 2017). The onset of binge eating disorder is 21 years which is later than of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Among United States adults, binge eating disorder is observed across ethnic and racial groups. Prevalence rated can be compared among Latino (2.1%), White (1.4%), African Americans (1.5%), and 1.2 (%).

Comorbidity

Various negative health issues are linked with binge eating disorder, including diabetes, obesity, pain (headaches and musculoskeletal) sleep disturbances, menstrual irregularities, gastrointestinal, shortness of breath, menstrual irregularities, hypertension, diabetes, functional health impairments and low-health quality of life. Some medical conditions such as type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome are associated with obesity. While fewer than people presenting with binge eating disorders are obese, medical comorbidities also occur in those who are nonobese/normal body mass index (BMI) including heightened risk and pain of metabolic syndrome. Pain issues linked with binge eating disorder include low back pain, neck and shoulder pain and chronic muscular pain. Additionally, irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia have also been categorized as medical comorbidities for binge eating disorders.

Etiology

Binge eating disorder has numerous causes. Genetics is one of the common causes of binge eating disorders. People presenting with the disorder tend to have increased sensitivity to dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical found in the rain that is responsible for feelings of pleasure and reward. Strong evidence exists to suggest that the binge eating disorder is inherited. Gender is also another determining factor for binge eating disorder, as it is more common among women than men. In the United States 3.6% of women get the condition at one point of their life compared to 2.0% of men. Emotional trauma is also another cause for binge eating disorder. People presenting with the condition have gone through stressful life events such as separation, abuse, death, or a car accident. Child bullying as a result of body weight also contributed to the condition. Brain changes also contribute to binge eating as well as other psychological conditions such as anxiety, bipolar disorder, substance abuse, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Cultural Considerations

Eating disorders most often occur in cultures that are industrialized for instance, where there is an emphasis on looking, creating an unrealistic image of a person. Family dynamics and attitudes tend to contribute to risk of teenagers and adults to develop binge eating disorders. The risk of developing eating disorder is her in families that place emphasis on high achievement, and emphasize on perfectionism. Families that have difficulties discussing and coping with negative feelings of anger and sadness also push people into binge eating. Another culture that can push people into binge eating is the constant worry of being socially accepted. Moreover, over-protectiveness and being too much involved in the adult’s life can also trigger a binge eating disorder.

Treatment

There are numerous forms of treatment for binge eating disorder. Treatment addresses feelings of shame and poor self-image as they are linked with the condition. Psychotherapy is one of the common treatment options for the binge eating disorder where individual or groups sessions are employed to help patients overcome unhealthy eating habits. The three examples of psychotherapy include cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, and dialectical therapy. Medications are also a form of treatment for binge eating disorder. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate was the first medication to be approved by FDA used to treat severe to moderate binge-eating disorder among adults. The side effects of the drug include insomnia, dry mouth but even more serious effects tend to take place. Another common form of medication used to treat binge eating disorder is antidepressants. Although it remains unclear how antidepressants curtail binge eating, it has a lot to do with their effect on specific brain chemicals.

Conclusion

In closing, binge eating disorder is a common eating and feeding disorder which affects a person’s health seriously if left untreated. Binge eating disorder is a condition characterized by uncontrolled and repeated episodes of consuming large amounts of food. It is accompanied by feelings of guilt and shame. Binge eating disorder has negative effects on a person’s self-esteem, body weight, mental health and overall health. Fortunately, there are effective treatment options for binge eating disorder, including psychotherapy and antidepressants. To determine whether one has a binge eating disorder, one must seek consultation from a qualified medical professional.

References

Dingemans, A., Danner, U., & Parks, M. (2017). Emotion regulation in binge eating disorder: A review. Nutrients, 9(11), 1274.

Guerdjikova, A. I., Mori, N., Casuto, L. S., & McElroy, S. L. (2017). Binge eating disorder. Psychiatric Clinics, 40(2), 255-266.

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A Raisin in the Sun Essay Analysis Paper

A Raisin in the Sun play is basically about dreams. The leading actors attempt so hard to deal with the tyrannical situations that govern their lives. The name of the tragedy allusions an assumption that Langston Hughes superbly modeled in a poem he transcribed about dreams that were put off or forgotten. At the center of Hansberry’s ‘A Raisin in the Sun’ is the general dispatch of the yearning for social growth in the middle of the varying viewpoints on how to attain it. A Raisin in the Sun is a tragedy about an African American household aiming to move past disenfranchisement and segregation in 1950s Chicago (Danica, 228). The central themes in A Raisin in the Sun are race, selfishness, and dreams. Every person in the tragedy has a dream. However, accomplishing someone’s dreams shows a complicated striving, particularly when aspects like gender, class, and race interfere. A Raisin in the Sun play represents the life of an African-American household of Youngers residing in Southern Chicago during the 1950s. It starts with the Youngers getting ready to get $ 10,000 for insurance from his life insurance course of action. Consequently, all grownup affiliates of the family have planned for the cash, with every person having different viewpoints on spending the money.

The tragedy develops various thematic perceptions, such as issues with conflicting expectations, family strength, and prejudice and stereotyping (Danica, 229). The play can be analyzed through the close study of character and scenes improvement in addition to the examination of the structure, language choices, and symbolism. One understands the play to develop understanding in addition to analyze some poetry.

Dreams have a great significance in A Raisin in the Sun, with the tragedy’s designation from a 1951 Langston Hughes poem named Montage of a Dream Deferred. In the poem, part of which works as its epigraph, the poet enquires, “What happens to a dream deferred?” thinking whether it shrinks up “like a raisin in the sun” or explodes. The author’s open question generates Hansberry’s book’s foundation, with conflicting and intertwined ambitions of the Youngers moving the tragedy’s plot. All the personalities cling to different dreams that have long been delayed due to socioeconomic limits put on the family by racism. These dreams’ tenacity gives the play a pervasive logic of hope, regardless of the results of the prediction of upcoming fights for the household in Clybourne Park.

A vital feature in the Younger family, self-esteem exerts a uniting power all the way through the play. Mama shows pride in her family’s context and attempts to instill in her broods a sense of respect for their ancestors, who were Southern slaves and sharecroppers. Mrs. Johnson censures the family as “one proud-acting bunch of colored folks,” the family holds fast to its ancestral dignity, an heirloom it considers to be more significant. In 1959 many of the United States, including Chicago, remained de facto separated, signifying that racial separation continued in employment, education, and housing even though the Supreme Court had overturned segregation that was established by law as unconstitutional. Set in de facto ghettoized Chicago, his tragedy comes from the author’s personal life, for example, her family’s experience with housing discrimination in 1930s Chicago. 

A Raisin in the Sun is rife with conflicts: gender conflicts, generational conflicts, ideological conflicts, and maybe most significant conflicts of dreams, which are at the focus of the play. By putting three generations in the same cramped quarters, Hansberry emphasizes some of the vital modifications between age and youth intensely (Chapman, 446). Mama Younger’s uneasiness is continually for the health of her broods. She wants to give for Beneatha’s schooling and get a contented home for the household. She and her hubby, Big Walter, had fought to make life better and for the children. Although he had worked himself to death, he had taken out the $10,000 life insurance policy as security for them.

Walter Lee and Beneatha, conversely, are more self-interested in their concerns. Beneatha misuses money on frisky hunts and dedicates her attention to her relationships. At the same time, Walter is oblivious to everyone else’s requirements, with the possible exception of his son, in his mania with the dream of turning out to be a businessman (Nathaniel, 27). In archetypal childlike fashion, Travis influences all the adults in the play to attain his personal ends. Conceptual conflicts also thrive, nourishing the central theme of the novel. Beneatha, having been newly exposed to some fundamental concepts in the university setting, has left the God-focused Christian conviction of her mother and has comprised atheism, or at least secular humanism. The main clang between these two ideologies results from a dramatic scene in which Mama forces Beneatha to admit, at least in words, the presence of God.

Works Cited

Čerče, Danica. “Race and politics in the twentieth-century Black American play: Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun.” Neohelicon 46.1 (2019): 227-239.

Chapman, Erin D. “Staging Gendered Radicalism at the Height of the US Cold War: A Raisin in the Sun and Lorraine Hansberry’s Vision of Freedom.” Gender & History 29.2 (2017): 446-467.

Nesmith, Nathaniel G., et al. “A Raisin in the Sun at 0: A Conversation.” Text & Presentation, 2019 16 (2020): 27.

A Reflection of ‘Letter from Birmingham Jail’ By Martin Luther King

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A Reflection of ‘Letter from Birmingham Jail’ By Martin Luther King

Martin Luther King Junior wrote the ‘Letter from Birmingham Jail” as a response to being called an outsider, in the wake of nonviolent protests taking place in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963. In the letter, Martin Luther King specifically responds to a statement made by eight white clergymen terming the protests as “unwise and untimely” and condemning outsiders leading them. The statement had been published in a local newspaper at the time. Martin Luther Martin Luther King Jr. was arrested on April 12, 1963, for being a non-violent leader in the civil right movement of the 1950s. On this specific day of his arrest, Jing had taken part in peaceful march against anti-segregation. He was arrested for not having a parade permit for the peaceful march and placed at a jail in Birmingham in Alabama.

King argues that people have the moral duty to break away from unjust laws. He also asserts that people should take collective action instead of potentially waiting forever for courts to deliver justice. The main thesis in Martin Luther King’s letter is that at times civil disobedience is a necessary reaction to injustice. King explains that the state, church, and citizens have to stand for civil rights and social justice. In his letter, Martin Luther King refutes the accusation that he agitates the community and proceeds to outline how valuable nonviolent protests are in the name of social justice.

Martin Luther King starts by referring to the eight clergymen as individuals of “genuine goodwill” and acknowledges how sincere their concern is hence setting a tone for a sensible dialogue. King then proceeds to claims of being an outsider by stating that he had been called upon to support African American residents in their fight for civil rights seeing that he was a leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Additionally, King argues that he had gone to Birmingham only because there was injustice and like early Christians such as Apostle Paul, he had to heed to the call for aid. In the letter, King refutes arguments by critics concerning segregation laws. He explained that such battles ought to be fought in courts rather than the streets. He explained that it is only direct action that can push the white majority into confronting racism issues to attain true dialogue. He argues that while he and other protesters were arrested for breaking the laws, those laws are unjust and immoral hence making civil disobedience a patriotic response.

In addition to directly taking on the criticism presented by the eight clergymen, Martin Luther used the letter to present his own judgments. King showcases how disappointed he was at white moderates that he deemed more harmful to the racial equality cause than the Ku Klux Klan. King condemned moderate claims that supported the cause while at the same time rejecting all attempts for direct action. Martin Luther would rather be viewed as an extremist for what he believed in rather than be a by-stander and passively watch ass these injustices continues to persist. Additionally, in this letter, Martin Luther King also talked the claims that action taken by Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) as extreme. He talks about himself as being caught in between two conflicting forces advocating for black change. On one hand, complacent blacks that have been demeaned too much that they believe in change or those that have been successful and are not willing to make sacrifices for true equality. On the other hand, there were those who had violent factions and had been exemplified by Elijah’s Muhammad and his Muslim movement. Martin Luther posits that his position was between these two extremes. Essentially, King advocated for peaceful but non-violent protests.

Worth noting, Martin Luther King continues by expressing his criticism in the leadership of the white for supporting status quo. King expected the church to do more. King considered the church as an institution that should transform society. He lamented that the contemporary church had swayed and fallen far off its cause and early Christian origins. He views modern day church as an irrelevant social hub that no longer inspires society. Despite how concerned he was for lack of support to the desegregation and racial equality cause, Martin Luther concluded his letter with hope that African Americans will get the equality and freedom they were pushing for.

In my viewpoint, Martin Luther King’s position was justified as it gave the people the power to push for what they considered right and call out unjustness. I agree that, at times, people must take the necessary action needed to attain a good cause. In this case, I believe that parades were necessary actions to ensure injustice of segregation of the colored and non-colored people were called out. While protests might seem as extreme, as long as they are executed reasonably without violence and within the provisions of the law, there is nothing wrong with that. I like that King took time in his letter to address the underlying issues in the leadership of the white church. It was high time for the church to be called out on its by0standing behavior even in the face of unspeakable injustices at the time. King was justified in calling the church out for not doing its work of inspiring society and calling out the social wrongs of inequality and segregation.

Local and State Law Enforcement

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Local and State Law Enforcement

Anchorage is a municipality located in the South-Central region of the state of Alaska, the largest state in America. It is located in a valley which is surrounded by mountains resulting in warmer temperatures than those experienced in other parts of the state. Anchorage municipality covers a landmass of approximately 1,704 square miles and contains an estimated population of 295, 570 people (“Anchorage Municipality,” 2012). This municipality’s location makes it be susceptible to numerous natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes, volcanoes and other extreme weather occurrences. According to reports, the rates at which earthquakes can cause damage are higher in Anchorage than in the entire state of Alaska and the United States at large (“Anchorage AK,” 2012). In 1964, the worst ever earthquake in the history of North America, known as the Good Friday earthquake hit Anchorage (“Information on Anchorage,” 2009). In addition to the natural disasters, the municipality faces terror threats just like other parts of Alaska and greater America. For this reasons, it is imperative that a local plan is devised to deal with the looming dangers arising from natural disasters such as storms and volcanoes, as well as, terror attacks.

Local, State, federal, humanitarian, private, non-governmental and other actors can be involved in dealing with such calamities through an official agreement (“State of Alaska,” 2011). At the local level, the Anchorage police department, the fire department, local hospitals and Anchorage ambulance and rescue services (“State of Alaska,” 2011). At State level, the following departments should be involved; Office of the Governor, State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC), the Alaska Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management (AKDHS&EM), Alaska Information and Analysis center (AKIAC), Alaska Earthquake information Center (AEIC) and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) (“State of Alaska,” 2011). At the federal level, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), The U.S. Military, U.S. Coast guard, Alaskan Command (ALCOM), Center for Disease Control (CDC), National Warning Center (NWC), and National Weather Service (NWS) should be incorporated (“State of Alaska,” 2011). Contributions could also come from non governmental agencies and churches such as the American Red Cross and Salvation Army respectively.

These organizations are chosen based on their general roles and responsibilities. These agencies are required to come together during terrorist or catastrophic event in order to pool their resources and increase their collective capacity to address any such event effectively and efficiently (“State of Alaska,” 2011). All the organizations as mentioned have the capacity to deal with specific issues, for instance in case of a fire the fire department is best positioned to deal with this given their training and equipments used in their operations (“State of Alaska,” 2011). The functions of these organizations fall within different categories in line with their capacity such as Firefighting, communication, emergency management, transportation, public security and safety and search and rescue.

This agreement will not affect their current responsibilities and will work if the capacities of the organization are streamlined. The agreement is just a plan on how to respond to disasters efficiently and effectively, and this is done by assigning roles to organizations, and these roles have to fall in line with their general responsibilities. The determination of the official communication channels through the plan will reduce and at times eliminate misunderstandings instead giving the organizations an opportunity to focus on their responsibilities.

The police department will substantially provide security to the affected areas. The police will also get involved in search and rescue operations; clear the streets and direct traffic and can also provide transportation (“Plan and Prepare for Disasters,” n.d.). The fire department is expected to contain cases of fire and evacuate people who are affected and those at proximity. They can also be involved in search and rescue and also provide transportation. The local hospitals are to provide facilitation for the treatment of the injured. The ambulance and rescue services are expected to provide speedy transport of the injured to hospitals and can also provide first aid or light medical assistance. The office of the Governor is expected to inform the public of events by declaring a state of emergency or disaster emergency. The SEOC is expected to coordinate and control information and communications. It is also tasked with determination of the alert level as communicated by other organizations.

The AKDHS&EM is expected to provide financial assistance in the affected areas (Reese, 2007). The AKIAC is expected to provide public information, communication, warning and alert notification. The AEIC is expected to provide public information, notifications, alerts and warnings particularly when it revolves around earthquakes (“Emergency Management,” n.d.). The AVO is expected to issue alerts on situations concerning volcanic activity and can also provide financial and administration services (“Natural Disasters,” 2008). The FEMA is expected to provide control and coordination within the federal level organization (“Disaster Recovery Centers,” 2003). The FBI is expected to carry out investigations to ascertain the true nature of the events in case of terrorism (“Terrorism Incident Law,” 2004) The Military is expected to provide security and evacuation procedures. They can also be involved in search and rescue procedures (“Building a Resilient Nation,” n.d.). The U.S Coast guard is expected to maintain security along the coast line and can also be involved in search and rescue operations.

The ALCOM is expected to provide information and communications revolving around the events of the catastrophe (“Building a Resilient Nation,” n.d.). The CDC is expected to carry out evacuation procedures around areas where there is an outbreak or threat of an outbreak of a disease. They will also be tasked with provision of medical services and financial and administration services. The NWC is expected to issue warnings on the situation to the wider public. The NWS is expected to provide the public with information concerning the weather and the impact it might have. The American Red Cross and Salvation Army are expected to deal with the humanitarian crisis that comes as a result of terrorist or catastrophic events.

One organization should be appointed the lead to ensure all the agencies speak in one voice and their commands or directives do not interfere or conflict with one another. The organization to be tasked with this responsibility should have different capacities, which are highly, developed to be appointed as the command or control centre (“State of Alaska,” 2011). It will be best if this organization has space to work with representatives from all the other organizations within the plan to ensure smooth communications.

References

Anchorage, AK Natural Disasters and Weather Extremes. (n.d.). Retrieved fromhttp://www.usa.com/anchorage-ak-natural-disasters-extremes.htm

Anchorage Municipality. (2012). State and County Quick Facts. Retrieved fromhttp://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/02/02020.html

Building a Resilient Nation. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.dhs.gov/building-resilient-nation

Disaster Recovery Centres. (2003). Retrieved from http://www.fema.gov/news-release/disasterrecovery-centers-anchorage-palmer-close

Emergency Management. (n.d.). Retrieved fromhttp://www.muni.org/Departments/OEM/EOC/Pages/default.aspx

Information on Anchorage. (2009). Retrieved fromhttp://www.washington.edu/medicine/som/depts/medex/applicants/traininsites_anchorage.tm

Natural Disasters. (2008). Retrieved from http://akcenter.org/climate-energy/effects-of-climatechange/cost-of-natural-disasters

Plan and Prepare for Disasters. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.dhs.gov/topic/plan-and-preparedisasters

Reese, S. (2007). State and Urban Area Homeland Security Plans and Exercises: Issues for the110thCongress. Retrieved from http://www.dtic.mil/cgibin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA467265

State of Alaska Emergency Operations Plan. (2011). Retrieved fromhttp://www.akprepared.com/documents/State%20of%20Alaska%20Emergency%20Opeations%20Pla%20211_12_22_2011.pdf

Terrorism Incident Law and Investigation Annex National Response Plan. (2004). Retrievedfromhttp://www.learningservices.us/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrp_terrorismincidentlawenforcemenannx.pdf