Category: Uncategorized

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Media biasness has been an issue that has been affecting the mainstream media for a long time. Some of the media stations are caught broadcasting some irrelevant news to their audience, and this can be termed as lack of objectivity. Lack of content by the media stations has contributed to such incidences making the journalists add their perspective regarding the story rather than providing the details of the event as they happened.

One of the issues that shocked the American nation is the news regarding just passed presidential elections in the United States. During the presidential debates, Donna Brazile was caught with the allegations of helping the Democratic candidate by leaking some of the questions that were expected to be asked during the presidential debate through an email. Various sources covered the story, though, with the main aim, they also differed in the content to which was provided.

1. Politico magazine:

Title: Brazile: Leaking town hall topics to Clinton campaign ‘mistake I will forever regret.’

Source- Retrieved from: https://www.politico.com/story/2017/03/donna-brazile-hillary-clinton-leak-regret-236184The story was covered by Aidan Quigley on 17th march of 2027. The author of the post was not much biased as the article is short and brief providing all the necessary coverage about the story. The narration is full of paraphrases and direct quotations from the person’s mouth and therefore cannot be termed to be biased. There is almost no contribution by the author concerning the issue apart from the introductory paragraph that the author uses to introduce the event. Despite the author restraining from being biased, he then provides other irrelevant details rather than about the leakage where he says that “the broadcasting organization CNN dropped Brazile as a contributor after the revelations”. This article, therefore, can be termed to have less biasness.

2. Washington Examiner

Title: Donna Brazile finally admits she shared debate questions with Clinton campaign

Source- Retrieved from: https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/donna-brazile-finally-admits-she-shared-debate-questions-with-clinton-campaignThe story was written by Eddie Scarry on March 17th of 2017. The author of the story provides much of his contribution to the story. One of the occasions that the author provides his explanation is “For months, Brazile has avoided confirming that hacked emails from the campaign showed her forwarding the questions, which were asked at separate debates. But in a new essay for Time magazine looking back on the hackings, she said it was true.” The quotation is an explanation by the author about the past denial by Brazile that she had leaked the questions and here there is no incidence of the direct quotes from the victim implying that the author also contributed to providing their information and analysis. Through providing these analyses, the author gets out of the topic and therefore can be termed as being biased. Most of the other work is a rephrase of Brazile quotes while others have been directly quoted from her words. The post, therefore, is no heavily biased as still despite getting out of topic a bit, the author provides related information to the topic though not relevant for the moment.

3. ABC News

Title: Donna Brazile: Passing potential town hall topics to Clinton camp ‘a mistake I will forever regret.’

Source- Retrieved from: https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/donna-brazile-passing-debate-questions-clinton-camp-mistake/story?id=46218677The story was covered by David Caplan on March 18th of 2017. The story gives accounts concerning the allegations of Brazile leaking questions to the Democratic presidential aspirant Hillary Clinton. The first two introductory sentences can be termed irrelevant though has some contributions to the story. The first comment by the author is “Former interim Democratic National Committee chairperson Donna Brazile has for months been dodging questions about passing along potential topics to Hillary Clinton’s staff in advance of a CNN town hall — but now, she’s speaking out and calling the misstep “a mistake I will forever regret.” Here, the author can be seen providing his contribution to the story of which can be termed as being biased.

In another sentence, the author continues to tell their story which are not direct words nor rephrases of Brazile’s quotations. “Emails from Clinton campaign Chair John Podesta’s account were released in October by WikiLeaks showing that the then-CNN contributor had forwarded potential topics ahead of a town hall last spring.” The author, therefore, provides narrations that he perceives to be relevant rather than providing the direct accounts regarding the information of admission by Brazile considering that the main topic is about Brazile admission of leaking information and therefore we expect much of the story to be her quotations. However, the rest of the story has been rephrased with other parts being in direct quotations. By providing his accounts, the site can, therefore, be termed to be biased.

4. The Washington Times

Title: Donna Brazile admits leaking debate questions to Clinton camp: ‘A mistake I will forever regret.’

Source- Retrieved from: https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/mar/17/donna-brazile-admits-leaking-debate-questions-to-c/The story was covered by Douglas Ernest on March 17th, 2017. The author as well in this narration has provided his own story rather than providing the direct quotations from Brazile, and this has been added to lengthen the story. The added story “Stolen DNC documents that were published by Wikileaks during the 2016 U.S. election season revealed Ms. Brazile’s efforts to assist Ms. Clinton’s campaign, but she ignored or denied the charges — until now. Although she told ex-Fox News star Megyn Kelly on Oct. 19 that Wikileaks dealt in “doctored” emails, the former DNC head said Friday that the emails were “a mistake I will forever regret.” The author adds this part of the narration as his contribution to the story making the news source be biased in a way.

From the above stories, we can, therefore, assert that most of the authors or reporters of the stories are subjected to being biased, and this mostly happens by the authors giving their contributions either directly or indirectly to the story. Most of the authors provide an addition to lengthen the story and to make it seem credible rather than keeping it short and brief to point.

Data Communication Networks

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Additional information on the equipment required for the upgrade

Local Area Network requirements

Considering that the Law firm has grown to occupy two floors, its operations cannot continue being operated on Stand-Alone Computers. It is imperative that a local area network (LAN) is installed so as to allow for the migration from legacy systems to a web-based operating system. This is the only way that the operations of the law firm can be synchronized. A local area network has the advantage of enhancing file transfers and sharing resources such as printers, disks, and internet connection (Schwalbe, 2010). In cases where a wireless local area network is used, mobility is enhanced, not to mention allowing for discussions mainly when computers are remote. While the Law firm has the option of putting in place a wireless network (that uses WiFi technology), a wired network (founded on Ethernet Technology) would be recommended. The following items would be required.

23 new computers- as much as the company has computers, they would be incapable of supporting the new operating systems. While it is not required that “heavy” operating system be installed, it would be recommended that

Network adapter- network adapters allows computers to connect to the network by converting computer data to electronic signals. Most present-day computers incorporate network adapters that are integrated in their motherboards (Schwalbe, 2010). It is worth noting, however, that early computers such as the ones used in the law firm did not have this function in which case the network adaptor has to be bought separately and fitted to the expansion slot on their motherboards.

Network medium- considering that the law firm will be using a wired network, it is required that cables whose length can allow for the connection of computers in both floors. The cable to be used, in this case, is the “Unshielded Twisted Pair” also called “Ethernet cable” or simply “Ethernet cable”.

Power supply- this would be needed irrespective of the type of network that the company chooses. It allows the cabled network to send data that is interpreted as electronic pulse.

Cable Connectors- RJ45 is the most commonly used form of connector in wired networks. Computers that have networking capabilities must have RJ54 ports, also called Ethernet port or network ports.

Router/switch/ hub- considering that the local area network will essentially be a wired network, the computers would be unable to connect to the others without a splinter. Hubs are an advanced form of a splinter that repeats signals that come to one of the ports out to the other ports (Schwalbe, 2010). Cables would then move from its ports to the computer. Switch comes as more sophisticated than hubs as they send signals to the computer than has the address written on the incoming message. Routers, however, have the capacity to forward messages across the world. For this law firm, four routers would be needed each with 8 ports to ensure that each of the 23 computers has a cable connecting it to the network.

Network software- the network software on the communicating computer would package data into segments, as well as put the data into structures referred to as packets. The header of the packet has the destination and the source of the packet written on it. It is imperative that the receiving computer interprets the packets into meaningful data and take it to the appropriate application (Schwalbe, 2010).

Other Software Required: Cloud storage

Legal Management Software

In migrating the operations of the company from a legacy-based to a web-based platform, it is imperative that the law firm obtains legal management software that provides distinctive to enable automation of the core processes in its different departments or units (Schwalbe, 2010). The components should have the capacity to work together in order to establish an end-to-end legal management process. Alternatively, they may function as individual software applications that integrate with the existing payroll, accounting and case systems (Schwalbe, 2010).

While varied software applications may be appropriate, it is recommended that the law firm obtains CLIO, a practice management, client collaboration, time & billing platform that allows for secure access to client data from anywhere. This would not only allow synchronization and accuracy in the billing and payroll operations, but also enhance accountability. It comes with six features that would be useful in enhancing the management processes in the web-based platform. It allows for time tracking, task scheduling, simplified billing, 256-bit SSL encryption for security, document management capabilities for ease and accuracy, not to mention the fact that it is entirely web-based.

Alternatively, it could obtain Rocket Matter, a web-based practice and time management software product that comes with capabilities such as calendaring, invoicing, expense, task, and time tracking, phone messaging, matter-based ledgering, mobile access, documentation management, conflict checking, contact management, mobile access and time-tracking timer among other features.

Irrespective of the software chosen, it should have the capacity for Time, Billing and Invoicing, Electronic Signatures, client and case management, Virtual Law Office Services, document management, remote access, Online Document Storage and Backup, and Encrypted Email and Document Exchange. These will ensure accuracy of the information in the payroll, tracking the activities of the lawyers and allowing for easy correction of any mistakes that may arise in the entries. The lawyers would also have access codes through which they can log in and make any queries and entries pertaining to their billing and payroll, thereby enhancing satisfaction (Schwalbe, 2010).

References

Schwalbe, K. (2010). Information technology Project Management. Boston, MA: Course Technology/Cengage Learning.

Bilingual Language Teaching Discussion

Learning a second language can be for students as it helps them communicate with students from other languages. Being the bilingual curriculum administrator for the local school, I would emphasize the change of the school’s curriculum and change the second language implementation model. For example, an individual can quickly learn a second language if they can relate to the visuals related to that language. In such a case, teachers should focus on visuals and manipulatives as having a diverse range of authentic resources like menus, bus schedules, postcards, photos, and video clips can help a student easily grasp and understand the new language concepts. Learning a language begins with the most familiar terms, such as names of things that students relate to, such as bus tickets, greetings, and postcards. Some names might seem obvious, but it’s a huge step towards learning a new language to the students.

Every student has different learning and understanding capabilities, which can be attributed to the student’s needs. Understanding the need of each student will help provide person-centered teaching to help the students quickly learn the second language. Based on this, I would divide the children separately based on what language they will be learning. It would be difficult for students to master the language if they were exposed to so many distractions. Different vocabularies from different languages may impede the comprehension abilities of the student. For example, it is impossible to teach English, French, and German in the same class as not all students are taking those classes. Therefore, it would be effective if the teacher separated the students based on the language they seek to learn.

Helping children easily understand the language means teaching things they can easily relate to, including names of foods and toys and naming them with the new language. To begin with, students will start by learning how to pronounce words from the new language and later merge the words to form sentences and paragraphs. Based on this, my curriculum will involve visuals such as images and video clips and also learning how to pronounce the words as the first steps to learning the new language.

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A Raisin in the Sun Essay Analysis Paper

A Raisin in the Sun play is basically about dreams. The leading actors attempt so hard to deal with the tyrannical situations that govern their lives. The name of the tragedy allusions an assumption that Langston Hughes superbly modeled in a poem he transcribed about dreams that were put off or forgotten. At the center of Hansberry’s ‘A Raisin in the Sun’ is the general dispatch of the yearning for social growth in the middle of the varying viewpoints on how to attain it. A Raisin in the Sun is a tragedy about an African American household aiming to move past disenfranchisement and segregation in 1950s Chicago (Danica, 228). The central themes in A Raisin in the Sun are race, selfishness, and dreams. Every person in the tragedy has a dream. However, accomplishing someone’s dreams shows a complicated striving, particularly when aspects like gender, class, and race interfere. A Raisin in the Sun play represents the life of an African-American household of Youngers residing in Southern Chicago during the 1950s. It starts with the Youngers getting ready to get $ 10,000 for insurance from his life insurance course of action. Consequently, all grownup affiliates of the family have planned for the cash, with every person having different viewpoints on spending the money.

The tragedy develops various thematic perceptions, such as issues with conflicting expectations, family strength, and prejudice and stereotyping (Danica, 229). The play can be analyzed through the close study of character and scenes improvement in addition to the examination of the structure, language choices, and symbolism. One understands the play to develop understanding in addition to analyze some poetry.

Dreams have a great significance in A Raisin in the Sun, with the tragedy’s designation from a 1951 Langston Hughes poem named Montage of a Dream Deferred. In the poem, part of which works as its epigraph, the poet enquires, “What happens to a dream deferred?” thinking whether it shrinks up “like a raisin in the sun” or explodes. The author’s open question generates Hansberry’s book’s foundation, with conflicting and intertwined ambitions of the Youngers moving the tragedy’s plot. All the personalities cling to different dreams that have long been delayed due to socioeconomic limits put on the family by racism. These dreams’ tenacity gives the play a pervasive logic of hope, regardless of the results of the prediction of upcoming fights for the household in Clybourne Park.

A vital feature in the Younger family, self-esteem exerts a uniting power all the way through the play. Mama shows pride in her family’s context and attempts to instill in her broods a sense of respect for their ancestors, who were Southern slaves and sharecroppers. Mrs. Johnson censures the family as “one proud-acting bunch of colored folks,” the family holds fast to its ancestral dignity, an heirloom it considers to be more significant. In 1959 many of the United States, including Chicago, remained de facto separated, signifying that racial separation continued in employment, education, and housing even though the Supreme Court had overturned segregation that was established by law as unconstitutional. Set in de facto ghettoized Chicago, his tragedy comes from the author’s personal life, for example, her family’s experience with housing discrimination in 1930s Chicago. 

A Raisin in the Sun is rife with conflicts: gender conflicts, generational conflicts, ideological conflicts, and maybe most significant conflicts of dreams, which are at the focus of the play. By putting three generations in the same cramped quarters, Hansberry emphasizes some of the vital modifications between age and youth intensely (Chapman, 446). Mama Younger’s uneasiness is continually for the health of her broods. She wants to give for Beneatha’s schooling and get a contented home for the household. She and her hubby, Big Walter, had fought to make life better and for the children. Although he had worked himself to death, he had taken out the $10,000 life insurance policy as security for them.

Walter Lee and Beneatha, conversely, are more self-interested in their concerns. Beneatha misuses money on frisky hunts and dedicates her attention to her relationships. At the same time, Walter is oblivious to everyone else’s requirements, with the possible exception of his son, in his mania with the dream of turning out to be a businessman (Nathaniel, 27). In archetypal childlike fashion, Travis influences all the adults in the play to attain his personal ends. Conceptual conflicts also thrive, nourishing the central theme of the novel. Beneatha, having been newly exposed to some fundamental concepts in the university setting, has left the God-focused Christian conviction of her mother and has comprised atheism, or at least secular humanism. The main clang between these two ideologies results from a dramatic scene in which Mama forces Beneatha to admit, at least in words, the presence of God by imposing her to repeat the saying, “In my mother’s house, there is always God.”

Works Cited

Čerče, Danica. “Race and politics in the twentieth-century Black American play: Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun.” Neohelicon 46.1 (2019): 227-239.

Chapman, Erin D. “Staging Gendered Radicalism at the Height of the US Cold War: A Raisin in the Sun and Lorraine Hansberry’s Vision of Freedom.” Gender & History 29.2 (2017): 446-467.

Nesmith, Nathaniel G., et al. “A Raisin in the Sun at 0: A Conversation.” Text & Presentation, 2019 16 (2020): 27.

Bill of Rights

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Bill of Rights

List the five freedoms from the 1st Amendment to the Constitution.

Freedom of religion

Freedom of speech

Freedom of press

Freedom of assembly

Protects freedom of petition

What right does the 2nd amendment guarantee? The 2nd Amendment protects the right to bear arms. What does it mean in laymen’s terms? It simply means the individual right to possess ammunition for defense purposes.

What does the third Amendment prohibit? It prohibits on quartering soldiers in residents’ homes.

What does the fourth Amendment establish? It protects individuals from unreasonable searches or seizures.

Explain the main freedoms established by the 5th Amendment and what they mean:

The rights of the accused are the rights of an individual accused of a crime. It protects the citizens from being held to answer for a capital crime unless on an indictment.

Double Jeopardy – no person should be tried twice for the same crime. No citizen should be subject to the same offense to be twice put in Jeopardy of life or limb.

Self-Incrimination- no person should be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself.

Due process of Law is a legal prerequisite that the state must adhere to and respect all individual rights entitled to the accused person. The government is prohibited from depriving citizens of life, liberty, or property in the absence of due legal process.

What does the 6th Amendment establish? It guarantees individual rights to a speedy and fair trial.

What does the 7th Amendment establish? It protects the right to trial by jury

What does the 8th Amendment prohibit? It prohibits unusual punishments and cruelty to citizens.

What does the 9th Amendment proclaim? It proclaims that citizens’ rights extend beyond the rights written explicitly in the Constitution.

What does the 10th Amendment establish? It states that the state or the people have been reserved with the power not given to the government.

Whom do the Bill of Rights apply to? Do they apply to individual citizens, the state government, the population as a whole? What do you think? In my opinion, the Bill of Rights applies to the population as a whole. Because all these rights cover or instead protect all people on instances, they might find themselves accused.

The 13th-15th Amendments are termed the “Civil War Amendments.” What do they each cover? 13th: “Abolition of Slavery” covers the slavery ban. Until the 13th Amendment, slavery still existed in America. The ban states that “neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for a crime. Of whom the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. 14th-“Rights of Citizens,” the Amendment states or instead defines the qualification of one being recognized as an American citizen. 15th- “Right to Vote,” the clause covers the apportioning of representatives among several states subject to their respective demographics. It also addresses the voting rights of citizens at any election in each state concerning elective posts.

How are the 18th and 21st Amendments linked? Both Amendments discusses the prohibition of alcohol in the United States. The ratification happened since there was no more alcohol.

What does the 19th Amendment protect? It protects the United States citizens’ voting rights from being abridged by the government based on sex. When was it enacted? Passed by Congress on June 4, 1919, and was ratified on August 18, 1920.

How many Constitutional Amendments are there? 27 Amendments.

A Reaction to the play ‘Everybody’ by Brandon Jacobs- Jenkins

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Introduction

The play ‘Everybody’ by Brandon Jacobs- Jenkins is a timeless play that focuses on human actions influenced by their decisions and how it affects an individual’s afterlife turn out. This play integrates reality and people’s religious beliefs to explain the journey and transition from this life to the next, the afterlife, through Death. According to the play, the journey of Death is loving, beautiful, and lively. Therefore, Death should not be feared. More often than not, human beings fear Death because they are uncertain of what lies in the afterlife. The play displays how human beings believe their failures and evil doings in this life are likely to influence their creator’s decision to subject them to physical and mental torture and suffering in the afterlife. The play also shows how creation, human immortality, and afterlife estrangement from the creator are beyond human comprehension. This paper will assess the theatrical arts, styles, and scenery incorporated in the play’s production that made it captivating and educative.

The playwright of ‘Everybody.’ Attempts to show that there is a higher power that is in control of all occurrences in life on earth, whether good or bad. God, who is the creator of the Universe, is all-knowing and is beyond human understanding. He takes all forms the human brain could ever imagine, which makes humans amazed by Him. We, as his creations, are supposed to obey our Maker to gain His favor and mercies. Life is about focusing on pleasing the Maker through good deeds. We are expected as human beings to act as by the laws of our Maker. It involves living right with people and fulfilling our responsibilities to the best of our abilities. According to the play, life is all about focusing on the things or actions that will put us right with God in this life and the afterlife. We are expected as human beings to spread the message of Love through loving others and being more forgiving.

The play portrays the themes of Love, friendship, and Death. The Playwright tries to show people how to live by displaying the importance of loving and making meaningful connections with other people. Friends are an essential part of our existence as human beings. In a way, it defines who we are, our identity, and what we align ourselves with in this life. I conclude like this because friends influence most of the decisions we make regarding our lives. It is important to have friends who are optimistic, focused, and ready to help whenever they are needed. Love within friendships and the community at large gives a sense of significance and belonging. The play displays Death as a friendly character, unlike the human perception of Death. Human beings have always feared Death because of the uncertainties and the pains that come with it. In this case, Death is shown as a loving thing that connects the righteous to a fulfilling afterlife, prepared for them by their Maker.

Everybody, who is the main actor in this play, tries to show the audience the journey of Death and why they should not fear it. The character is portrayed as blunt and comical in different play scenes to capture the audience’s attention and connect with them emotionally. Everybody showcases his vulnerability and uses provocative tones in the play to show the audience that Death is loving and should be ready if Death knocks at their doors. It has allowed me to value and appreciate my friends and their roles in my life. The play has affected my connection with my emotions. The dynamics and the switch of roles and emotions through different scenes really engaged my emotions. The sense of vulnerability and show of sentimental emotions was new to me. The play helped me discover that and not be embarrassed by it. I have always imagined that there is more to life than what we can see. Watching this play reinforced my thoughts and made me believe in the existence of a superior being and the likelihood of Death being loving and meaningful. Watching the play has enlightened me and allowed me to look at life from different perspectives. I learned that Everybody has a role to play while they are still alive.

The teamwork embraced by the actors and the craftsmen of this film helped me understand the play and its message much better. Most of the scenes were captivating and interesting to watch. Four characters stood out for me throughout the film. Nancy Robinette, who played the role of Death, made the play interesting to watch for me. She nailed every scene she acted in the play through her tone, body language, and coordination with the different emotions she acted out. Death uses a low tone to communicate to Everybody and convey the message from God to him. Her body language shows how she sympathizes with Everybody as he shows how he is not ready for the journey yet. She tells him that God wants him, and He sent Death to come and fetch him. In this scene, she connects with her role deeply, which makes her sound believable and real. Nancy’s loud and clear tone enables me to follow through the play without straining.

Ma’chel Martin, who acts as Everybody, also stood out for me in the play. He embraced the character and delivered an outstanding performance as Everybody. He controlled his tone in different scenes of the play and maintained a high level of consistency. For this reason, I was able to flow with the storyline and the theme portrayed by the play without getting confused. The expression on Everybody’s face is priceless when Death tells him,” You’re dying, Everybody! Starting Now!” He seemed unbothered and uninterested when Death was talking to him on why God needed him in heaven. The shift in the facial expression as soon as he learned that he was about to die was authentic. His calm and controlled tone enabled me to watch them play with ease as well. He was not shouting, and neither was his voice too low.

The performer Yonatan Gebeyehu also made the play interesting to watch. His role as God in the play was crucial as he was the core of the play. He portrayed himself as a powerful and commanding God through his body language, tone, and costumes. “Death! Death! Reveal Yourself!” God commanded. God sermon Death to send her to earth to collect people he thought were not living up to their full potential. In this scene, Yonatan’s tone was high and showed his control over every creature, including Satan. His body language also displayed superiority over the Universe. His acting skills drew my attention throughout the movie. His ability to switch his emotions seamlessly, to display Power and sympathy for his people in different scenes of the play helped me picture and relate to the real God. He embodied the role and was a true representation of God Himself in the play.

The final character whose acting skills impressed me was Ahmad Kamal. He played the role of Love in the play. His voice was loud enough, and it enabled me to flow with his character throughout the play. Kamal projected bigness in his tone, an aspect that integrated him into his character perfectly. His movements that emulated the heart gave a deeper meaning of Love to the audience. Kamal’s body language allowed me to understand the message of Love he was trying to put across. He empathized with Love’s character because I could relate to it directly. People in the Universe try to connect in Universe through Love and fulfill God’s will. Kamal’s unique skills singled him out as the best of the rest of the actors for me.

The director did a tremendous job putting together this team of actors and bringing this storyline to life. The director Will Davis managed to maintain a consistent flow from the beginning to the end of the play. The production was unified, in my opinion, because the different scenes of the play were in good order and allowed the audience to relate to the story and message it was trying to convey. The scenes also involved a rollercoaster of emotions acted out so well by the. It allowed the audience to connect with the story at a deeper level. The design elements incorporated by the production enhanced the quality of the play and made it a success. The dim lighting of the stage when God summoned Death showed how Death was dark, evil, and scary to many. The costumes of the actors also helped the production convey its message to the audience vividly. Death dressed in black costumes from head to toe to symbolize how evil, dark and scary she was. On the other hand, God dressed in white and gold costumes to show how pure and free of sin he was. God has a crown as part of his costume to symbolize his power over all creatures and the whole Universe. The perfect coordination of the costumes, stage lighting, scenery, and sound made the play a success.

Locke’s Views on “same” Consciousness

Locke is a famous philosopher who came up with claims on personal identity and specifically identity related to consciousness. He claimed that, “The same consciousness being preserved…..the personal identity is preserved”. The claims are not helpful as he did offer any explanations. Locke introduced a general account that helped distinguish the identity of living things, masses of atoms, and atoms. All individual atoms are similar at one point in time and they stay that way for a long time. The identity atoms do not create any problems because of their unique organization and this is what creates their unique identity. However, the organizations can be affected when changes are made to the atoms as well as their functions. One key function of the atoms is the continuation of life and this enables living things to have sameness Locke believes that a body stays the same for long periods of time and it is only during death that it stops being a body. This is regardless of whether the living thing is a horse or even an oak. Locke believes that human beings are animals and just like living things, they are individuated. Therefore, man refers to the living body that has a defined shape. He is quite aware and informed that there is no settled definition of the word ‘man’. This means that there is a variety of different competing meanings of the word man.

Locke has his own definition and he argues that it involves distinguishing between a ‘body’ and ‘man’. This is after using many thoughtful experiments as well as deducing certain unacceptable consequences that originate from the competing definitions. Locke goes ahead to point out that there are people who tend to differentiate man using soul possession. These people believe that man has sameness from the time they are infants even up to old age. They tend to accept the doctrine of reincarnation because of the definition that they believe in.

It is evident that it is not easy to understand what Locke means when he refers to same ‘man’ and same ‘body’. He has given some perfect examples to illustrate what he wants to be known. He wants to come up with a distinction that will be used for adopting the two terms. He does not want to accept the Cartesian claim that personal identity is born from the soul. Furthermore, as result of the distinction, the issue concerning the dead resurrecting cannot be well understood. For example, he came up with the story about what happens to a man’s body upon death. It is no wonder when a man dies; the different parts of the body disappear to various places. The dead man and his body will no longer be able to come together; hence, Locke’s concept needs further interpretation.

Same ‘consciousness’ and personal identity are quite important and the reason why Locke gives a positive account concerning the two issues. Consciousness means being aware and a sensation, as Locke seems to believe. This means that consciousness is directed inwardly and that is the reason why he claims that, “consciousness is the perception of what passes in a man’s own mind”. Consciousness exists inside the mind and body of a human being and cannot be seen or felt. Therefore, it is different from the sensory perception, which focus on what goes on outside and not inside. According to Locke, the most important aspect of personal identity is that people should be informed about themselves. As time progresses, people continue to exist and people have the option of experiencing themselves as living things. A person is able to experience their own substantiality even when changes are made to a substance. Therefore, the self will still exist continuously and can never be a substance as explained in a Cartesian sense.

The issue on personal identity was related to shared memories by Locke after providing his own unique account. All human beings have individual memories, which can either be in the form of self-knowledge or meaning-based or perception-based. This means that the only time people will have shared memory is when they perceive the same things. In turn, this enables people to have similar or shared memories because they experienced certain things together. However, personal identity is not related to shared memories as it is not unique to have similar consciousness as someone else. In fact, Locke claimed that selfhood and identity have no relation to the mind’s or body’s continuity. People who cannot remember their past have no identity and this is similar to people who have shared memories. However, Descartes is quick to object Locke’s argument on personal identity using his concept of mind-body dualism. He says that “A is the same as B if A’s body is animated by the same Cartesian mind/soul/ego as was B’s body”. This proves that we cannot always judge other people just because we think that we know them. In conclusion, personal identity, same ‘consciousness’, same ‘man,’ and same ‘body’ were well explained by Locke. He ensured that people would be more informed concerning issues related to human beings. However, more people need to do more research into Locke’s works in order to acquire more information about his philosophical insights.

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Media Bias and Effect on Society: Article 1

Grossmann, Matt. “Media Bias (Real and Perceived) and the Rise of Partisan Media.” Niskanen Center, 21 Dec. 2019, www.niskanencenter.org/media-bias-real-perceived-rise-partisan-media/.

The article states the effect that media bias has on the society. Media is an important tool in the society when it comes to the coverage of political matters, religious matters, technology events and any other arising issue. WE depend heavily on the media to understand what is going on and therefore it is important that the media gets to report quite accurate information. Throughout the world media is in influencing civilization and it is thus important to scrutinize the misinterpretation as well as injustice that may be associated with media cover. When we consume the various contents that is presented before us by the media, we are likely to form opinions and if the information is biased then there is high likelihood that the opinion will also be biased (Grossmann).

The greatest policy when it comes to journalism should be reporting accurate information because of the high consumption or rather viewership all over the world. The article points out that media bias is seen as more news coverage as well as more favorable coverage. There are four major types of media bias: unwitting bias, propaganda, ideology and partisanship. Unwitting bias basically refers to the inadvertent biasness in choices on the issues to air. Ideology bias on the other hand tends to be hidden in texts while propaganda is objective news that may have misleading information. Media bias often distort stories thus attracting the attention of viewers.

This article will be an important source in understanding the various forms of media bias that exists and why more than not media houses distort their information to fit a certain narrative that will help them garner viewership. The article is also a great referencing point in highlighting the types of bias that exist and what the media achieves by using these various forms of media bias.

Works Cited

Grossmann, Matt. “Media Bias (Real and Perceived) and the Rise of Partisan Media.” Niskanen Center, 21 Dec. 2019, www.niskanencenter.org/media-bias-real-perceived-rise-partisan-media/.

Media and the Criminal Justice System

Student’s Name

Institution

Media and The Criminal Justice System

In the modern age of advanced technology, information is fast and readily made available to consumers. Consequentially, the media is significantly involved in ways that have helped to reach and provide information to their consumers through gadgets such as television, social media platforms, and radios. The mainstream media and social media have had a crucial impact on the criminal justice system by spreading information to the public, which has led to massive changes in the area. 

Mainstream media, which includes broadcast media and newspapers, are a popular source of information among people. People rely on them for news coverage, provision of information, education, and articulating their grievances. The mainstream media has a significant influence on the criminal justice system. One of the main impacts of mainstream media on criminal justice systems is that it highlights its weaknesses to improve it. Historically, mainstream media has put pressure on the government and other stakeholders to create an equitable criminal justice system. One of the most successful roles that the mainstream media played in influencing the criminal justice system was during the Civil Rights Movement. During the time, the mainstream media highlighted the plight of Blacks in America. The mainstream media covered stories of deep-rooted racism in American society, which included policy brutality and high incarceration rates among African Americans (Schultz, 2019). The stories covered by the mainstream media led to the improvement of Blacks and People of Color’s lives in the United States through the introduction of better policies. The policy changes introduced in criminal justice during the Civil Rights Movement era were a testament to the role mainstream media plays in creating an equitable society. 

In recent years, social media has emerged as a popular and choice among people for news, entertainment, and information. In recent years, it has played an important role in putting pressure on the criminal justice system with a view of creating change. Popular social media platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook are now crucial ways of sensitizing, informing, and mobilizing people. In 2020, social media has been significantly used to mobilize people against policy brutality and bring change to the department of the criminal justice system. The recent killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis, which was captured by a witness, was spread via social media to millions of people worldwide. The clip, which illustrated a common problem of police brutality, sparked widespread protests in the United States, which have led to significant changes in police departments across the United States. The pressure created by the protests has put the criminal justice system in a spotlight and contributed to various defunding efforts (Rubinstein and Mays, 2020). 

The morning news had a few news stories on the criminal justice system. The criminal justice system news was fairly written and investigated. The journalists were fair and did not seem to portray any particular bias. I noticed that most of the criminal justice systems involved police brutality issues, which have been the main component of news stories in 2020. 

Reference

Rubinstein, D., & Mays, J. (2020, June 30) Nealy $1billion is shifted from police in budget that pleases no one. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/30/nyregion/nypd-budget.htmlSchultz J. (2019). Media coverage of law enforcement and effects of the image created. Dominican Scholar, https://scholar.dominican.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1150&context=senior-theses

Student’s name

Name of lecturer

Course Number

Date of assignment

Live to work

Introduction

Whether one has to live to work or work to live is a question that is so subjective. According to a guest author on “hat is work for, life is not always the way most people desire it could be. Few people are gratified by what they do but the remaining population is always grappling with the question of what they should do to make their lives comfortable. Most of the people work to ensure that their basic needs and that of their families are met. It is also argued that most people even after achieving much to maintain their families, they will continue working. This is mainly because “what is enough?” varies from one person to another. Most achievers in life are driven by the desire to succeed in whatever they do. In this article, we are going to discuss on the reasons that drive people to live to work as opposed to the vice versa(“What is work” 001).

Discussion

According to Baehr P and Wells G C (009), for one to be a good worker, he must have the qualities of diligence and hard work. This is evidenced by the fact that the hardworking people are give promotions and positions with better remuneration. The long time notion that people should work hard and retire to their comfort zones after retirement is being challenged. Most people are now thinking of how to make their later years most interesting (Baehr P and Wells G C 009). According to Weiss T “Living to work”, most companies in the US are grappling with the idea of their aging workforce. They are thinking of ways they can enhance and retail their employees who are past the retirement age. This is because of the vital skills they have that are of great importance to the companies. To deal with this brain drain from their companies, the companies have come up with enticements to ensure that the old folks do not live without disseminating the knowledge they have to the younger generations. For people to live and enjoy working, most companies are cutting down their responsibilities and altering some that cannot be done away with. (Baehr P and Wells G C (009)

According to Burstyn B S (001), most people in the US are working for longer hours than any other in the world. Most of them do not even have leaves. This has had adverse effects on the lives of the people. First, most people are pre-occupied by their work in that they do not even have time to think of their own lives. The much they can think of is what meal they will have next. Secondly, because of the limited time they have with their families, most of their relationships are compromised. Some even do not have time to form relationships. The tendency of people having to work for long hours has led to a population with people who do not have enough sleep. The children of such parents are also not spared .they have to learn to cope with the demanding lifestyles of their parents. This means that if the parents have limited time to themselves for relaxing, the children will be deprived of the leisure activities. Most of the parents even don’t have the time to go shopping as they are always buried in their desire to work hard to achieve lives’ needs(Burstyn B S 001).

Conclusion

From the discussions above you can tell that is better for one to live to work than work to live. A population who are driven by a work to live policy is doomed to fail. This is because the work force will have a burnout as they have limited time to release the stressors associated with their work. The driving force behind life should be to enjoy whatever they are doing as much as they have to meet their basic needs. There is no limit to what one can acquire and riches will never be enough, so live your life to the fullest (Baehr P and Wells G C 009).

Works cited

Burstyn Barbara Sumner, Working To Live has Been Overtaken by Living to

Work, September 22, 2003.Print

Baehr P and Wells G C.The Protestant Ethic and “The Spirit of Capitalism”

Penguin Books, pp.9-12, 2002. Print