effective decision making requires one to establish an effective procedure for the implementation of the option selected. This is achieved through development of an action plan. An action plan describes the procedure
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there were some communication issues that occurred during the introduction and implementation of the new equipment by Kay. The importance of communication especially during the time of change has been widely highlighted. As Heras (2008) explains
the success of the process of introducing and implementing change within an organization is highly dependent on effective and continuous communication proccess. According to Heras (2008)
Kay had the responsibility of ensuring that communication in all directions was effective. However
Kay concentrated more on communicating with fellow managers. Although she informed the workers about the need to introduce the new equipment
Kay adopted the top-down approach during the implementation of her project
which tends to ignore the contribution and opinions of the lower-level personnel. The top-down approach is based on traditional views of classical writers. In the top-down approach
the opinions of the lower-level staff count as much as the opinions of the top managers in decision-making. This approach is based on the notion that changes can be more effectively implemented where lower-level staff are allowed and encouraged to use their job-knowledge and experience in facilitating change (Madura
2006). Kay adopted the top-down approach by failing to incorporate the opinions of workers in the process of introducing and installing the new equipment. A more successful approach that Kay would have adopted is one that includes both the top-down and bottom-up approaches. By adopting the combined approach
the information disclosed in the case study shows some of the qualities of an effective manager that were demonstrated by Kay from the initiation to the final stages of implementation of her project. Some of the essential management qualities demonstrated by Kay were ability to identify areas of improvement or problem areas
self confidence
H. A. (2012). The Main Factors beyond Decision Making. Journal of
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R. L & Lane
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G. E.
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