Category: Uncategorized

Flows as constituting urban life

Introduction

“I adored the city. We were nameless, and still, after all that I had the feeling that urban communities were yielding; that they moved over and made room. Just urban life is the life and society of towns and urban communities. It is fundamentally the sort of life connected with urban communities and real towns and it may incorporate things, for example, overwhelming activity, a few sorts of frameworks, streams and urban exercises. Same as block to building and an item to buyer the constituents of urban life are interconnected and stacks of courses of action are included in the congruity of urban life. All streams contain material, human and non-material measurements. In nowadays overall created urban areas are the image of advancement and speak to the part of nation in the worldwide economy. As urban communities are becoming so it got to be important to recognize the streams constituting urban life and how they can be moved forward. This report will clarify about the streams In CBD (Parramatta) as a constituting urban life (Kyle, 2009).

The role of Capitalism flows

A free market system streams are blend of generation, utilization and amassing streams. A free market system streams are prevailing piece of monetary arrangement of urban life. Creation streams are giving urban life assets like materials, which utilize further for the generation of merchandise and demonstrated accommodating in keeping up the store network. For running of the creation streams work is obtained for cash compensation, capital increases collect to private holders, and the cost system is used to dispense capital products between employments. This (a free market system streams) brings monetary maintainability inside the urban life by giving business to the individuals at diverse creation destinations.

Despite what might be expected cost swelling, insufficient wages, and an expanding surplus to the prerequisites of the urban work checked can prompt a high level of casualness in the salary creating exercises. Utilization streams makes the more space and income accumulation by buyer using and diverse sorts of charges (GST) they pay for buying the merchandise. After the duty accumulation from shopper this capital (Tax) utilized for the subsidizing of advancement and to encourage the individuals. A free market system streams are site for gathering with in a urban life.

The role of court flows

The human is a social creature. After the root of urban communities and urban life the organization of equity was a standout amongst the most imperative assignments of ahead of schedule current urban governments. Towns and urban areas pulled in individuals in light of the fact that legal insurance was offered through laws and enactment, and urban populaces could utilize different common and criminal courts to settle clashes or to manage viciousness, abuse or put-down. Urban communities gave instruments to settle clashes through common and criminal courts, furthermore through debate settlement by corporate and neighborhood affiliations and religious associations. Courts assume a paramount part to bring social manageable quality inside the urban lives, by giving laws and parameters of discipline, in the event that when someone truly dedicated an offense or attempt to mischief the life of individuals. Courts characterize the tenets and laws for the arranging and advancement procedure of urban life for instance; Land and Environment Court NSW (New South Wales).courts are furnishing help with adapt the circumstances like issues of social equity, separation, and abuse concurred to people and gatherings inside urban connections. Family courts, criminal courts are available in Parramatta CBD for this reason.

Role of Cultural does this include social flows? Flows

Lively urban communities offering a show of social qualities will be the most attractive spots to live expend and produce, in like manner, the most focused in the learning economy. More continuous association in neighborhood connections between individuals from distinctive social and social foundations makes a general public cute. Without further ado, urban areas use more in social projects and expansive Infrastructure ventures, which should be drivers of maintainable advancement. For instance as of late Parramatta City Council Organized a social capacity named as Parramatta celebration that commends the worldwide effect of expressions of the human experience and societies of western Sydney’s groups. Such sort of exercises makes agreement and brings closer one another.

Role of Entertainment flows

The continuous centrality of more seasoned urban communities, alongside the development of fresher ones in ceaseless rivalry, obliges thoughtfulness regarding the city as a diversion machine, creating utilization opportunities and leveraging social preferences. With the progression of time and adequate stream of cash in numerous urban areas, first class inhabitants are determined by new personal satisfaction requests. Shoppers would not have liked to venture out immense separations to experience a glorious differences of utilization and recreation exercises. Amusement and recreation are the rise of another worldwide economy established in a base of diversion ends, for example, themed restaurants& bars, night clubs, club, sport stadia, coliseums and show corridor/music Venues, multiplex silver screens and different sorts of virtual arcades, rides and theaters. It is additionally clear that mainstream culture and nightlife have since quite a while ago assumed an imperative part in urban life.

A decent sample of stimulation foundation for economy object is Wet’n’wild water stop in western Sydney, which is prepared for opening. The building powers are expecting enough income accumulation from that site separated from giving the stimulation to the group and vacation destination.

Excitement streams demonstrated extremely accommodating for people who effectively tired from day by day routine life (work), on weekend or different occasions they can appreciate and get revive for beginning of the work from next beginning working days.

Role of Environmental Flows

Cities and towns are efficient places to live. Successful city cannot operate efficiently in isolation from its environment. It must balance social, economic and environmental needs. Cities can use different instruments to integrate environment in to urban planning and management approaches that could be policy instruments, planning instruments, and management instruments.

Parks are considered as major part of environmental flows, there are following roles of Parks (environmental flows) affecting urban life; Helping youth choose rewarding paths to adulthood by providing programs and opportunities to build physical, intellectual, emotional, and social strength. Employment opportunities in the community (Gardeners, Security, management, food or cafe stalls in parks). Helping community residents improve their health by providing a place to enjoy fresh air and exercise. Helping citizens join together to make their communities better, by encouraging them to participate in park planning and management.

Example: I would like to put example of environmental flows and their role in urban life from Parramatta CBD. Collection and recycling of waste by Parramatta city council are a good example (environmental flows) to keep the environment clean, which is necessary for the living and health of urban life.

Role of Police Flows

Security is a common good, an essential component of sustainable city development. Police plays an important role in urban life by maintaining the discipline with in city/town (traffic control), providing security at public events (sports, cultural) and local crime prevention. There is partnership between police, health and local government in urban life. For example, police has role in minimizing street-based injecting drug use which can be very destructive for youth in urban life. At the time of natural disaster the responsibility of police force increase, as they provide rescue and controlled the emergency situation within affected area.

Role of infrastructure flows

Infrastructure and their improvement helps destitution diminishment by impelling monetary development, empowering undertaking open doors, creating job and giving destitute access to essential needs in urban life. In this way water and sewerage frameworks, streets and rail systems, interchanges frameworks, human administrations offices, for example, schools and healing facilities are incorporated, alongside parks and open space. Framework streams helps venture and development through expanded gainfulness and productivity in light of the fact that it interfaces assets to industry, individuals to employments and items to business sectors. It likewise gives access to physical and social advantages, for example, crucial transport, water, vitality and data and correspondence engineering administrations.

Role of Transport flows

Incredible transport base reduces the cost of cooperating and upgrades access to organizations and social organizations. Inadequate transport base withdraws aggregates and reduces the opportunities people need to control and upgrade their future. Without protected, sensible and trustworthy transport access dejected experience issues getting to organizations to buy and offer stock, families can’t accomplish wellbeing offices in a sensible time, urban extents don’t act as satisfactorily or beneficially as could be permitted and people’s opportunities to be possessed with political activities, social activities and social activities are confined. As a result of the much vitality of transport streams, Parramatta’s vehicle trade join 50,000 people to Parramatta conventional.

Role of Education flows

Generally, Educational streams incorporates, schools, universities, colleges, religious focuses, and specialized training (professional preparing establishments). Training is an obligatory instrument to proficient and makes acculturated the people. Instruction plainly is a driver of better gainfulness offering ascent to a higher aggressive capacity and subsequently more occupations and higher monetary development rates which empowers more cash to be put resources into. In urban areas, training approaches should ordinarily serve profoundly assorted populaces; it ought to accommodate all, especially young ladies, persons with incapacities, transients and destitute. These are the accompanying parts training can play in constituting the urban life, Creating a quality learning and instructive environment that advances supportability, providing deep rooted learning open doors in urban areas, Teaching tolerance and common seeing in urban social orders. Empowering youngsters and youth to figure out how to live and take part in urban life, Enhancing figuring out how to make comprehensive social orders in comprehensive urban areas, and Developing adapting in all its various structures, As of late, clergyman of instruction reported another Education strategy for that next 10 years. The intriguing thing is that the past instructive arrangement from 1998 to 2010 is still not terminated. Despite the fact that it is anticipated to give new plans and to make more guarantees with the country. It is said in this arrangement that all the government funded schools will be raised up to the level of tuition based schools. No arrangement of activity have been talked about, yet a notice is issued to tuition based schools to enlist government course in fifth and eighth class and these classes will bound to take board exams. This aggravated the understudies of private area likewise.

Traffic Flows

Stream Caritas prides itself on offering lasting, contract and transitory recruitment answers for the philanthropy and non-benefit segments. We help to build gathering pledges, proficiency and gainfulness by matching the right applicant to the right association. By and large, the group has picked up an unparalleled knowledge into the philanthropy division and also the premonition to anticipate slants and exhort foundations on their recruitment methods, from gathering pledges to advanced. This is the manner by which we have earned our notoriety for being THE philanthropy recruitment masters.

Activity blockage is a discriminating issue which happens on streets which make movement occupied in light of the fact that streets brimming with autos and transports. Movement clogging difficulties activity stream in urban region and is anticipated smooth movement. A becoming urban range makes complex issues in day by day existence with activity. Clogging marvel’s can not be ended just by applying physical developing, for example, fabricate connect, motorways and expanding street limit. It is important to construct engineering framework for transportation administration which is utilized for control of the movement wonder. Movement control frameworks have immediate impact on activity issues which is help to enhance movement stream and diminish activity blockage. Typically, automobile overloads are brought about by numerous reasons, for example, episodes, lives up to expectations in streets, streets support. More or less, activity blockage happens at top times in the morning or nighttime when individuals are flying out to work. Likewise, transportation frameworks are one of the fundamental reasons bringing about movement clogging in a few nations. Movement streets have an immediate impact on roads turned parking lots which identify with little ways utilize or harmed ways

Firstly, when K. Macmillan imagined the first autos had fitting shape and wooden casing in 1839 which included numerous sorts of preferences, for example, movement pace; solace; control; economy; furniture and security. The Automobiles business got to be more mainstream and vital for the life and it expected to enhance auto’s mechanical plan and make more autos by organizations. Toward the end of eighteenth century, the first movement blockage showed up on the old Parramatta Bridge which made a genuine issue. After that, the Parramatta government chose to discover way out for this sensation which prompted the development of control framework to tackle movement clogging by introducing activity lights on the old Parramatta span. Moreover, the Parramatta government included an alternate control framework by partitioning the Parramatta old scaffold into two ways, one for vehicles and an alternate for walkers.

Transportation issues have been contemplated by numerous scientists and numerous arrangements have been proposed to settle it. Enhancing transportation incorporates numerous approaches to enhance movement execution in significant urban areas and motorways. The Government is in charge of enhancing the effectiveness of transportation in urban areas and parkways between urban areas which decrease movement issues. Transportation blockage has an acceptable impact on monetary circumstance and it causes expanded in live cost.

Summary of the Flows

For running and legitimate operations of all streams “there is need of cash or capital known as the financing prerequisite” of that particular stream. These financing prerequisites are satisfied by Government finances and plan, privately owned businesses may be rely on upon the advances from banks, customers likewise help towards the financing prerequisite and numerous different courses from which a stream , organization ,division and associations gathers income for its operations. This table will clarify about the financing necessities of a few streams constituting the urban life and it will likewise exhibit about the routes through which income can be produced by client charges.

Setting judicious client charges needs to adjust the accompanying target;

Cost Recovery

Cost recuperation is the fundamental reason for client charges. It obliges that, after accumulation client charges recuperated from purchasers ought to create income equivalent to the money related expense of the administration.

Economic Efficiency

Monetary proficiency can be attained by setting client charges equivalent to their pertinent minor expenses.

Equity

Value can be accomplished when client charges treat comparative clients just as, and that clients in diverse circumstances are not treated the same.

Affordability

While the fundamental target of client charges is to recuperate administration costs, the charges imposed ought to be moderate to the clients.

5. Resource protection

Client charges ought to fill the need of debilitating “intemperate” or “inefficient” employments of open administration, accordingly advancing the protection of exhausting assets.

6. Acceptability

An effective client charge is one that is free from open feedback and not shocking to political pioneers.

7. Simplicity, possibility, and transparency

The client charge ought to be easy to see, there ought to be transparency in every angle and client ought to be given entire data.

References

Adams, S., Wing, T., Haski-Leventhal, D., & Hems, L. (2010, June). Awareness for Action: Parramatta. In The Third Sector as Civil Society in Australasia: Identity, Role and Influence in the New Century.

Council, P. C. (2010). Parramatta City Council.

Kyle, M. (2009). Local Government and Homelessness: The Example of Parramatta. Parity, 22(9), 41.

Q.1.

FLSA relates to the laws that outline the employer requirements to adhere to employee remuneration in terms of working and pay packages. Based on employee’s job security, the Act requires the employers to contribute certain amounts to the social security kitty. At the same time, the work security is ensured through outlaw of discirmiaytve practices such as prohibition of employemmnt termination based on any discriminative motive, such as Title VII (Keler & Preziosi, 2008).

Q2.

Various methods are used to determine the appropriate level of wages and employment benefits . There is the Formal seniority system. Under this system, it is expected that employees who have taken longer time in an organization should be paid higher. As such, during the employment, employees are informed host the system works , and the fact that there is no gender based discriminations. Secondly, there is Temporary Employee Training or Development Assignment. Under this method, employees on training or probation would be paid at a lower rate than the incumbents. Another method is the Formal merit system. Under this system, employees are rated in an objective manner and the pay differentials applied. Such ratings should be formal , consistent , non discriminative and spell the jobs under which the method is applied.

In my view, the Formal seniority system is the most important method. This is because the incumbents have a lot of experience that can be translated into quality work and higher productivity.

This view is supported by Dohmen (2003) who argues that the seniority system is based on the principle that a “job typically encompasses a handful of salary scales so that the contractual within-job tenure profile is extended upon promotion to a higher scale”. As such it is sensible to associate seniority with higher salary scale as well as hierarchical level.

Q3.

 

As a merit, the outcome of the case reaffirmed the role of the Congress with regards to determination of minimum wages and ensuring that the laws relating to over time pay are observed in all the states and by the local governments. As such, the Congress was has been empowered to ensure that regulatory measures are in place to ensure that both wages and work hour issues are taken into account by all employers. Significantly, the case redefined the federal system, with regards to regulation of the labor market and issues relating to state sovereignty (Suffolk University, 2007).

Generally, an employer, either an individual or a body, would be risking highly by not adhering to the laid down requirements of FLSA. One of the possible consequences will be fine that may run into millions of dollars. Such a fine would be imposed on the culprit for failing to meet the requirements of the Act. Also, employers may be ordered to pay all the dues to the employers and back date the same to specific times. At the same time, the resultant negative publicity would result into loss of business opportunity and inability to attract top and talented potential job candidates. At the same time, the violators may be jailed for failing to follow the due requirements of the law.

Having more part time employees is beneficial in the sense that an organization will incur lower direct labor costs. As such, some of the part timers may not be privileged to enjoy such benefits as insurance. At the same time, the part timers are normally more enthusiastic to work and achieve the set targets within the given time limit. Further, an organization may easily meet its labor demand during peak periods. An organization will therefore not be constrained to look for and permanent employee new staff members during such times.

However, this method has some drawbacks such as possibility of high rate of absenteeism among the employees due to unexpected changes such as possibility of a better pay.

At the same time, the short time of engagement may mean that the employees take longer to learn such that their output may be compromised.

Having too much overtime is influenced by:

Time period : for example during peak seasons for certain products and services such as Charismas, it is likely that such places as hotels would have more overt time.

Emergency situation : emergency may force an organization to have overtime, such as breakdown of a machine that needs repair.

Higher order: when unusually higher volume of order is made, it is likely that overtime may be allowed to meet the clients’ expectations. For example, if a an organization receives 20 orders a week and 40 more are received, there may be need for much overtime.

Performance, Seniority and Wages:

Formal Salary Systems and Individual

Earnings Profiles

Thomas J. Dohmen

IZA Discussion Paper No. 935

Journal of Business & Economics Research – November, 2008

Volume 6, Number 11

7

Management & Law: FLSA Regulations

And Compensation Policies – Their Legal

Exposure And Business Impact

Ruth Torres, Keller Graduate School of Management, USA

Robert C. Preziosi,

SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW

[Vol. XL:4

http://www.law.suffolk.edu/highlights/stuorgs/lawreview/documents/Littman_Comment_FINAL.pdf.

Topic: Flue Gas as Heat Recovery

Name:

Professor:

Institution:

Course:

Date of Submission:

Quantity of Heat from Flue Gas

The quantity of recoverable heat from the flue gas is actually recovered from gases like carbon dioxide, steam and oxygen. Since the figure of these gases is 26.18 percent, thus this working will be based on this amount from the flow rate of 39000m3h.

From the ideal gas formula below;

PV = RTP =RT/VIf P – which is pressure can be equated to the work donei.e. W- will be denoted the work done. From the principal of conservation of energy, we can assume that the work done will be proportional to the amount of energy liberated. Then w=rt which can then be shown as R(T-T*)P- Pressure,R –is a constant called the molar gas constantT- is temperature of the flue gas.Therefore the actual recoverable heat energy will be calculated from 26.18% of the 39000m3h of gas flow. 26,18 x39000m3/100=10210.2m3h of gas .Then from the ideal gas equation will beW= R(T-T*), Where the T, and T* represent the temperature change is T and is found by subtracting 200 from 350 ( 350 -200) for Temperature change.If at atmospheric conditions  P= 76m of mercury;Then from PV= RT10210,2 x76m  =R(150)775975.2   =R(150)775975.2/150  =R51731.68  = RWhere R – is the molar constant and is to be given as 1.013x105nm-2kTherefore; 1.013 x105nm-2k x150 equals 1.5195x108nm-2k=151950000/775975.2=19.5753729 per hour

In 24 hours. = 19.5753729x 24= 469.80895kwh

Electricity Generation from Waste HeatThermal Electricity Generation: In the thermal generation of electricity, the flue gas can be used to heat boiler steam converting the boiler steam into steam energy which will then be converted by turbines to generate electricity. Electricity is generated by the rotating action of the turbines which will turn a generator i.e. dynamo. The turning effect of the generator will produce electricity. For enhanced efficiency of the boiler the steam turbine performance can be improved by refurbishing. This will include removal of deposits that can cause reduction in blade aero dynamic performance, adjusting shaft and blade seals (Ganapathy, Victor, 2002, p78).

The newer the blades used in this section the efficiency and effective the work output as compared to the older one. This applies to all the parts used in the whole section of the turbine. This will be used as one way of improving efficiency of all parts thus it will have greatly increased the boiler’s performance, by increasing the steam turbine efficiency. This system is cost-effective as the electricity generated in the factory can act as substitute power to the costly electricity that could be offered by private agencies and other governmental organizations. This can generate more profits to the company since the expenses incurred in energy costs could be reduced and thus, enhance the maximization of the organizational value and profits in the long run.

Rankine Cycle Electricity Generation

This system is a newer invention that is basically used by Ener-G-Rotor Company in generating electricity from waste gases at lower temperatures. It is an imperative procedure of cost-effectively generating electricity from low-temperature waste heat. The system uses a rotor instead of a turbine to run the generator. The system is based on the Rakine Cycle where heated fluid that passes through a tube heats up a pressurized fluid in a second tube through a heat exchanger. The fluid vaporizes and travels into a large space called an expander where it exerts a mechanical force that can be converted into electricity.

This Rankine cycle system can be adopted by this glass manufacturing company in South Yorkshire so as to cut on electricity costs. It ought to be understood that the rotor design is simpler than that of the turbine as indicated in the preceding thermal method of heat generation from waste gases (Wood, Jack, 2008, p47). Given that this method is potentially easier to use, it is also cheaper to manufacture electricity alongside being more durable. Another significance of this system is its ability to generate electricity from gases at lower temperatures than when turbines are used, which need higher temperatures and energy consumption.

Cooling the Bottles Once they are out of the Furnace

Annealing is a commonly used method of slowly cooling glass in an annealer to release any stress and strain that could have been created during the formation and molding of the glass bottles in this context (Doty & Turner, 2009, p118). Proper annealing is pivotal and critical in glass making as glass that is allowed to cool quickly will break as it cools or could be highly strained when it reaches room temperature and is prone to easily break due to a high level of brittleness. This section of paper will offer some information on methods of glass cooling;

Crash Cooling

This method involves opening the kiln to cool faster from the processing temperature to the annealing temperature and this is done to avoid devit from forming on the glass. This method is faster in cooling the glass as well as in slumping glass through a drop ring (NKK Technical, 2011, p 268). Despite this, there are limitations of using this method as it is limited to kilns with kilns that have fiber glass in nature. This means that it will be difficult to conduct crash cooling of glass on the fire bricks and elements inside the kiln. It also results in wear, aggravation and stress on the kiln leading to cracking and falling of particles onto items that could have already been manufactured resulting into losses.

Closing/ putting off the Furnace

Apart from crash or rapid cooling of the glass in the manufacturing firm, the operators can put off or close the furnace so as to allow the glass to cool. However, this method has limitations in cases where there are a series of operations to be conducted by the company. It is also not suitable where the furnace walls are made of fiber glass and therefore the crash cooling process would be preferred (Wang Zhao-Wen, 2008, p.77). Despite this, it is a cost-effective method since the waste heat can be diverted to other parts of the system in the generation of electricity or pre-heating of the feedstock before melting in the furnace as indicated in the succeeding parts of the paper. This is also a pivotal method and should be considered in the glass cooling segment of processing.

Pre-heating the Feedstock before melting it in the Furnace

The waste heat can be used in pre-heating the feedstock before melting it in the furnace. This means that the heat is not only used in the generation of electricity and cooling of the molded glass but also in softening the raw materials used in the manufacture of glass. This is an imperative step in the glass manufacturing process as it reduces waste of resources (heat) while maximizing the effectiveness in the operations of the industry (Doty & Turner, 2009, p97). This process is vital as it will ensure that the company adheres to the occupational health and safety legislative policies that are set up in South Yorkshire. The litigation charges and penalties resulting from nitrogenous and sulphate gas emissions will be reduced and thus, ensure that the company operates within the environmentally friendly codes of conduct.

This will not only be beneficial to the company in terms of its economic and financial or legal needs but will also enhance the corporate image of the company as it continues recycling glass. This is attributed to the fact that the waste gas could be used in generation of power to smolder the glass pieces and convert them to feedstock before being transferred to the finishing and cooling chambers so as to produce different shapes of glass bottles (Ganapathy, Victor, 2002, p. 85). Essentially, maximizing on the usage of waste gases and heat generation in the firm will have long turn benevolent effects to the company from multifaceted aspects such as increased profitability, reduced legal charges (resulting from environmental pollution) and the enhancement of the organizations corporate image.

Savings, Payback Period and Capital Investments Needed from the Technology Options

In order to present information that could be reasonable in the adoption of the technologies identified in usage of waste heat and making maximum usage of the gases, the following assumptions ought to be put in consideration:

The current prices of gas and electricity (excluding VAT) remain unchanged at Gas: 3.2 p/kWh and Electricity: 8.7 p/kWh throughout the year.

The factory’s capacity remains constant at 97,000 tons of glass per year

The annual gas and electricity bills remain unchanged at 4,000,000 pounds and 85,000 pounds annually respectively.

The cost consumption of the three categories in which waste heat is prioritized is the same during and throughout the entire operational life of the company.

Based on these underlying assumptions, the costs or capital investments needed in each of the technologies in the priority areas will be given as follows:

Given that PV= RT10210,2 x76m  =R(150)775975.2   =R(150)775975.2/150  =R51731.68  = RWhere R – is the molar constant and is to be given as 1.013x105nm-2kTherefore; 1.013 x105nm-2k x150 equals 1.5195x108nm-2k=151950000/775975.2=19.5753729 per hour

469.80895kwh/day

Multiplying this by 3.2 x 365 (cost and number of days), gives;

469.8089 = 548, 736.7952 (for Gas bills)

469.8089 x 365 x 8.7 = 1, 491, 878.16 (for electricity bills)

The total cost will be 2,040,614.95 pounds.

This means that the savings on an annual basis will be given as follows;

[4,000,000 + 85,000] – [2,040,614.95]

Thus, savings will be 4,085,000 -2,040,614.95 = 2,044,385.05 pounds

The computations in this case are done based on an annual basis and the prices per kilowatt are assumed to be constant over the year, the payback period would be estimated to be a year. Given that waste heat is to be incorporated in three different processes within the manufacture of glass at the factory, it is estimated that the costs could be met within a year for each of the technologies used, based on the cost of electricity and gases that would be used in the cooling processes, thermal generation of electricity and the conversion of the glass particles to feedstock (Doty & Turner, 2009, p123).

Therefore, the costs to be incurred in capital investment would be as follows;

2,040,614.95 x 3 (the departments) = 6,121,844.85 this is based on the assumption that the three activities within which waste heat is used have equal capital consumption. It is from this assumption and computation that the total payback period for this investment is determined at a period of 3 years.

Conclusion and Recommendations

An analysis of the operations of the company and its intended goals of making use of waste heat seems to be of great benevolence to the company in the long run. These assertions are based on the facts that costs of production or manufacture of glass will be reduced. There are multifaceted benefits that will accrue to the organization ranging from financial, legal and social aspects. For instance, the profits will be increased; the company’s corporate image will be enhanced for taking care of the environment and using environmentally friendly resources. Legal aspects of the company will be free of litigations and penalties and thus, would attract more investors who will in turn facilitate positive results (Ganapathy, Victor, 2002, p103).

The company will therefore perform better than others in the industry due to its effective and efficient operations in the long run. It is vital that the company adopts the postulated technical activities in making use of the waste heat in the generation of electricity, cooling of glass and preheating the glass particles to convert them into feedstock before moving them into the furnace (NKK Technical, 2011, p 265). It is also vital to understand that the payback period is small period which will create immense benefits to the company in terms of its efficacy in operations through reduction of costs and expansion of its profits yield.

References:

NKK Technical, 2011, Biomass Power Generation by CFB Boiler, Koji Yamamoto, NKK Technical Press.

Wang Zhao-Wen, 2008, Molecular Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release, Contemporary Neuroscience, WangSpringer.

Doty, Steve & Turner, Wayne, C, 2009, Energy management handbook, Edition7, New York, The Fairmont Press, Inc.

Ganapathy, Victor, 2002, Industrial Boilers and Heat Recovery Steam Generators: Design, Applications and Calculations, Volume 149 of Mechanical engineering, California, CRC Press

Wood, Jack, 2008, Continuous Electrodeionization for Power Plant Applications”, Filtration+Separation, New York, University Oxford of Press.

Fluency Reading Plan

Author

Institution

Introduction

The 5-day study plan is developed around Stephen Krensky’s book, titled “Dangerous Crossing: The Revolutionary Voyage of John Quincy Adams”. The story, told in the third person, falls under historical fiction category and revolves around the American Revolution time. John Adams, who is the future US president is sent to France on a secret mission to seek assistance in combating the English. He takes John Quincy Adams, his ten year old son who is also a future President (Krensky, 2004). The story lays emphasis on the numerous dangers and sacrifices made by past generations in an effort to lay the foundation of the United States and assist in defeating England. As much as the story falls under fiction, it chronicles the journal entries that John Adams made in his personal diary around this time. Krensky undertook careful study in making this text, which forms the basis for a 5-day mini unit plan of study.

Brief overview of the fluency reading plan

The 5-day fluency reading plan starts on Monday going all the way to Friday. The main focus on Monday is vocabulary and oral communication. Every student will be required to read out a certain portion of the text. In this time, the teacher will pause to expound on the vocabularies used and the author’s choice of words.

On Tuesday, the main theme is reading fluency where students are taught on the importance of reading out difficult terms, as well as correcting themselves in case they pronounce any term incorrectly.

On Wednesday, the key theme is word analysis and word patterns. In this case, there will be a class discussion on how and why the author used certain vocabularies in the text. In addition, the teacher will show the students how they could use these vocabularies in other contexts.

The main theme of Thursday’s lesson plan is reading comprehension. All students will be required to read out the text one last time, during which the teacher points out the importance of visualization in enhancing comprehension. The students are then required to complete worksheets incorporating text-specific visualizations questions.

Friday’s lesson will focus on writing. During this lesson, all key lessons that have been discussed in the previous four days will be discussed, as well as the entire text. In this lesson, all students will be given a test that covers all the issues learnt throughout the week. The test will encompass vocabularies, visualizations, quotes from the text among other aspects.

Monday lesson

Duration: 60 minutes

Objective: Vocabularies and Oral communication

Sequence

The lesson starts with the entire class reading out the story aloud. Every student will be required to read a paragraph, while the teacher will read reading after every student and assist struggling readers.

The teacher will pause occasionally in the course of reading to ask questions on the vocabularies, definitions and word choice.

Once the story is completed, the teacher goes over the vocabularies with every student using vocabulary-context cards to expound on the words. They will then be randomly asked about certain vocabularies, its context, and substitutes.

Tuesday lesson

Duration: 60 Minutes

Objectives: Reading Fluency

Sequence

The students will reread the story, which their groups will rewrite. Every student will read a portion of the rewritten story with the teacher assisting the readers who mispronounce difficult words.

The teacher will acknowledge and applaud the use of new words in the rewritten sentences and require sentences that make no sense be redone. Once the students are through with reading the rewritten stories, the tutor will emphasize on the importance of self-correction and reading accuracy. Proficient readers enhance their reading skills through self-correction and reading out difficult words (Tompkins, 2010).

Wednesday lesson

Duration: 60 minutes

Objective: word analysis and word patterns.

Sequence

Strong readers will be paired with weak readers and asked to read out the passage to each other. They will be required to be attentive to each other’s reading skills so as to correct and help each other in case of mistakes in pronouncing.

The teacher will use the vocabulary context cards and ask students to explain the use of varied vocabularies in varied contexts. Students will, however, be free to refer to the book.

The teacher will then explain the use of these vocabularies in other contexts, as well as how other words would be used in their place.

Thursday lesson

Duration: 60 Minutes

Objective: Reading Comprehension

Sequence

The entire class is required to read out the story, with every student being assigned a paragraph. The teacher reads after every student, with the rotation continuing to the end of the story. The teacher will help struggling readers.

The teacher then leads the class in visualizing the text through demonstrations and pictures where possible. Pictures are known to create a lasting image in the minds of students as far as comprehension is concerned (Johns & Berglund, 2010). Occasionally, the teacher will pause to ask questions pertaining to certain aspects of the story.

The teacher will give students visualization worksheets and assist the students on answering the questions. The students will, however, be free to refer to the book in answering the visualization questions.

Friday lesson

Duration: 60 minutes

Objective: Writing

Sequence

The teacher informs the class that this is the final day involving the story and revisits varied aspect of the story including vocabularies, visualization, word patterns, reading fluency, and comprehension.

Question papers will then be distributed with each student being required to work on the questions independently. The students will be required to compose a comprehensive essay on why they would or would not recommend the book to someone else. In this essay, they will have to use a minimum of five vocabularies, use a color-picture visualization, and quote from the text. The grading system considers correctness, rough draft, neatness and thoroughness. This helps in gauging the skills of the students regarding reading fluency and comprehension (Kuhn & Schwanenflugel, 2007).

References

Krensky, S. (2004). Dangerous Crossing: The Revolutionary Voyage of John Quincy Adams. (Teacher’s ed.). Orlando, FL: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.Kuhn, M R & Schwanenflugel, PJ (2007). Fluency in the Classroom. New York: Guilford Press

Johns, JL, & Berglund, RL (2010). Fluency: Differentiated Interventions and Progress-Monitoring Assessments. New York: Kendall Hunt Publishing Company

Tompkins, G. E. (2010). Literacy for the 21st Century: A Balanced Approach (5th ed.). New York, NY: Allyn & Bacon.

Fly Dubai Marketing Strategies

Introduction

There is unprecedented competition in the market today. The need to have bigger and better market share in the service or the product industry is bigger today than it was ten years ago. This can be attributed to the fact that firms are now than ever before in the quest to understand their customers. Marketing strategies emphasizes that the understanding of the customer is far much important than understanding the competitors. Marketing concept is the new mantra in marketing today. Firms have applied all the strategies they know to better understand their consumers. There are many factors that affect the needs and wants of customers. Therefore, it is important to understand the needs and the dynamics of the customers in the ever-changing environments. They should not only strive to provide the customers with what they want but should also strive to make them affordable. These marketing strategies deals with the fact that the businesses are not the ones which create the needs of the customers but they contribute a lot in influencing the demand by coming up with designs which are attractive, work well, affordable and available. Businesses will also strive to communicate the features of their products to the customers by way of advertising. The paper will analyze the marketing strategies and the effect it has in business operations.

Target Market

When contemplating on low-cost of travelling via air and most individuals picture the images of full of activity cabins, incomprehensible out-of-town air-link and the necessity to get on a packed bus in advance. This is not suitable for a middle or low class customer who is budget oriented and sticks to the budget. However, Fly Dubai presented a business-class travel a low-cost rotation. This is one of the strategies that the corporation employed in linking different routes comprising of big seats, affordable catering services skilled cabin crew, and provided with lounge in terminal two in Dubai international airport (Alcocks, 2011).

In the company, and the airline as a whole, the move is as a result of the requirements demanded by customers for a premium service, especially on routes that have beforehand never been operated with such an alternative, like Skopje in Macedonia and Juba in Sudan. The customer under the business-class get precedence check in, baggage assortment and a 24-hour client service centre, all for business-class prices. This is also one of the strategies of capturing the group of clients falling under this category (Jonnes, 2013).

Re-positioning

FlyDubai may be able to negotiate favorable deals with both the consumers who are eager for new ventures or who do not appreciate the opportunities for all the business component part. If later entrants consequently find the components in a short supply there have no choice other than expanding at a constrained period. For example, FlyDubai was able to absorb more than half of the entire production of services. As a result, all the competitors such as had difficulties matching the simplicity of their services. The company was able to expand its capacity thus, assuring its clients about their market sustainability (Trval Dailyme, 2013).

FlyDubai launches products, with the objective of attaining substantial market share. The target market however is very vital in dictating the success of the products launched. The preferences of consumers do vary, with some consumers being risk averse, who would not like to try any new product, while other consumers are risk takers. According to Walker et al, (2013), the marketers therefore have to understand the needs of different consumers and behaviors which demand require an in-depth study of their external and internal environment, so as to aid in the formulation of marketing plans (Walker et al, 2013).

Targeting Strategies Marketing concept is one strategy that has recently received attention and taken to be a tool that FlyDubai can use to increase their productivity levels. As defined by Ashen (2003), marketing concept is getting to understand the dynamics of the customer wants and striving to make sure that they are met. This marketing philosophy has come of age with time. It stresses the need for organizations to analyze the needs of the products and the services that they offer to their clients so that they satisfy the customers. The ever changing technology that is seen in the information and technology field serves as a perfect example of the marketing concept (Barringer, & Duane, 2010).

Product

The product of FlyDubai brings in a combination comfort and affordability. The business class and the economy class are the major products presented by the company. Every product has varied features depending on the class. The product has a capability of synchronizing a broad assortment of features. This is one of the strategies that the corporation employed in linking different routes comprising of big seats, affordable catering services skilled cabin crew, and provided with lounge in terminal two in Dubai international airport (Alcocks, 2011).

Place

FlyDubai marketers build up delivery strategies to guarantee that their services is accessible in the appropriate prive at the correct time and position. It is believed that FlyDubai do this competently. Moreover, it has expended in a number of nations and has stood and come out clearly. Perhaps it is for the reason that there is higherawareness and thus reputation is rising with the introduction of business class (Saxena, 2013).

Promotion

According to Kotler, Keller, and Burton (2009), businesses and firms do not concentrate and do marketing activities only. There are other factors that affect the businesses they engage in. There is competition from the competitors, political changes, and alteration in social and technological environments. All these factors have to be taken care of as the firm strives to meet the needs and wants of the customers (Borch, 2008).

Maintaining competitive advantage

FlyDuba is a newly started company in the airline industry. It first adopted a business model whereby the customers could go for the preferred service and ask for a specific class based on preference. The customer care support could the check for its availability, locate it and issues a ticket. In addition, FlyDubai operate a “call and collect” service whereby customers could ring, book the ticket if available and then reserve a seat (Walker et al, 2013).

Marketing metrics and marketing audit in relevance to your businessOne of the marketing metrics is the cost of customer acquisition. This is the average amount of money that a company (FlyDubai) spends in order to win of the new customers in the market (Walker, & Ruekert, 1987). The importance of using this metric is to ensure that the calculation of the cost effectiveness of the marketing campaign. The other metric used by the company is customer life value. It is the average amount of money that the company derives for each customer. The metric helps the company to evaluate the loyalty of a customer as well as improving the customer relations. It is also important in determining specific customers spending and those that deserve higher or specific attention. Another metric that plays a significant role in making sure that FlyDubai company flourishes is the marketing Oriented Customer Percentage (Weiss, 2002). This metric is important as it helps in determining the amount of profits that one can earn after an increase in customers spending rate. It also helps in determining the efforts of the company’s marketing team and how they are paying off to the company. Marketing Audit is a methodical examination of organizations marketing strategies, objectives as well as organizations performance. It is an important tool for FlyDubai as:

It examines the effectiveness of the company’s contemporary marketing strategies and other marketing tactics.

To generate recommendations for all the ways in which the company can use more effective ways to utilize its resources.

Auditing is also important in answering all the company’s business questions for the better market choice positions. Recommendation

Strategies that must be put in place include online marketing. The company will make sales over the internet thus reducing cost of marketing products. Online promotion is another strategy that is incorporated to increase sales. Contingency plan will be prepared to ensure business continuity if a disaster occur. Key business areas that must be kept include customer relations, customer phone contacts and utilization department. In case of a disaster, continuous availability strategy will be applied since the data center will need to be the same with all operations undertaken at the organization and has to be away from the location of the organization. Remote journaling and electronic vaulting are yet some other strategies that will be applicable. The security personnel, the damage assessment and recovery team, service teams and IT/IS experts are among the teams responsible for recovering electronic systems to normal state.

One of the basic things that should be considered when taking into consideration marketing concept is marketing as a core function of business. Most companies have not given marketing the attention it so deserves. The concept of marketing should be included in the normal operations of the business. Of great importance is the fact that the consumer’s wants should be put into consideration right from the beginning of all the plans that the firm has in store. This therefore follows the fact that marketing should be introduced at the start and not at the end of the production process. All major decisions that are done in the firm should include marketing considerations.

The marketing concept is based on two principles which include the fact that the consumer is taken to be the central point of all the activity of the business. The second principle is the fact that the profits are specified as the criteria that will be used for evaluating marketing activities. For a long time, volume sales have been used to evaluate the marketing activities.

FlyDubai launches products, with the objective of attaining substantial market share. The target market however is very vital in dictating the success of the products launched. The preferences of consumers do vary, with some consumers being risk averse, who would not like to try any new product, while other consumers are risk takers. According to Walker et al, (2013), the marketers therefore have to understand the needs of different consumers and behaviors which demand require an in-depth study of their external and internal environment, so as to aid in the formulation of marketing plans.

The Consumer behavior is the decision-making strategy that the organization can use for its leaders and followers and physical activity engaged in the acquisition, evaluation, usage and the disposition of goods and services. The consumer behavior is all encompassing function, which heavily influences the marketing and the purchasing process. The purchasing process starts from the consumers’ mind, which influences the alternatives that the consumer chooses, depending on their perceived relative advantages and disadvantages.

In trying new products, FlyDubai consumer behavior is of importance, as the decision-making process and physical activity which is involved. The behavior of the consumers is multidimensional, complex and a dynamic process which influences the entire decision making procedure. It is therefore of importance that the organization adopts strategies which are vital towards attaining a strategic competitive advantage, therefore the marketing channels by the organization utilizes are vital towards determining the product’s success. The customer behavior determines the perceived customer value, hence business have to implement a process which entails formulation of marketing strategy. Essentially, the marketing strategy involves market analysis, strategy formulation and decision making. The decision making is a process which entails problem recognition, information search, evaluation, selection procedure, and this finally influences the purchase decision by the consumer.

In understanding the behavior of the consumers towards new products, it is vital to conduct market analysis, which also includes analysis on the organization, the competition and the conditions. In contacting the research, this is aimed towards offering better customer value, which is the aim of the company. This is dictated to by the consumer needs, the company offerings as well as the environment. The diversified nature of the factors influencing the market, especially on the consumers’ perception and acceptance of new products, creates challenges on the producers. This is doubled edged sword that assists both growth-market strategies for market leaders and share-growth strategies for followers to improve the company’s profit. The company will make sales over the internet thus reducing cost of marketing products.

Conclusion

Proper marketing strategies have helped many companies to reach epic positions in the competition. With time, they started taking strategic planning and this served to position the marketing concept at the periphery of marketing functions. Now, as many companies lose competition and business, these marketing strategies have back in full swing. Businesses need to rethink their take of the customers and meet their needs. The need to have customers satisfied will never be overtaken by any other business strategy. FlyDubai has found it necessary to take into account the marketing concept and see to it that they implement to the core.

ReferencesAshen, M 2003, “The rediscovery of the consumer”, Journal of Marketing, vol. 5(3), 248

253.

Alcocks.C, (2011). AIN Online. Flydubai Expands Its Route Network with a ‘Simple’

Strategy. Retrieved 06/01/2014:

HYPERLINK “http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/dubai-air show/2011-11-12/flydubai

expands-its-route-network-simple-strategy” http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/dubai-air show/2011-11-12/flydubai

expands-its-route-network-simple-strategy

Barringer, B. R. & Duane I. (2010). Entrepreneurship: Successfully Launching New Ventures, 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Birchall, J. (2009). Out to Launch in a Downturn. Financial Times. New York.

Booms, B. H., & Bitner, M. J. (1981). Marketing strategies and organization structures for service firms. Marketing of services, 47-51.

Borch, F 2008, “The marketing philosophy as a way of business life”, Harvard Business

Review, vol. 6(3), 65-76.

Boyd, H. & Walker, O. (1990). Marketing Management, A Strategic Approach, Boston, Irwin 

Colombo, R. A., & Morrison, D. G. (1989). Note—A Brand Switching Model with

Implications for Marketing Strategies. Marketing Science, 8(1), 89-99.

Grönroos, C. (1983). Innovative marketing strategies and organization structures for service firms. Emerging Perspectives on Services Marketing, 9-21.

Hauser, J. R., & Shugan, S. M. (1983). Defensive marketing strategies. Marketing Science,

2(4), 319-360.

Hawes, J. M., & Rao, C. P. (1985). Using importance-performance analysis to develop health care marketing strategies. Journal of Health Care Marketing, 5(4), 19.

Hoagland, H and Williamson, L 2000, Feasibility Studies, Kentucky, University of Kentucky

José M. M. (2005). Market Segmentation Strategies. How to Maximize Opportunities on the

Potential Market. Mexico.

Jonnes. R, (2013). The Wall Street Journal. Low-Cost FlyDubai Targets the Business Crowd.

Retrieved, 06, 01,2014: HYPERLINK “http://blogs.wsj.com/middleeast/2013/06/19/low-cost-flydubai-targets-the-business-crowd/” http://blogs.wsj.com/middleeast/2013/06/19/low-cost-flydubai-targets-the-business-crowd/

Kotler, P, Keller, K, & Burton, S 2009, Marketing management, 1st Australian adaptation,

Frenchs Forest, Australia, Pearson Education Australia.

Kotler, P., & Roberto, E. L. (1989). Social marketing: Strategies for changing public

behavior (p. 25). New York: Free Press.

Lovelock, C. H. (1999). Developing marketing strategies for transnational service operations. Journal of services marketing, 13(4/5), 278-295.

Miles, R.E. & Snow, C. (1978). Organizational Strategy, Structure and Process, New York, McGraw Hill.

Miller R. K. & Washington, K. (2009). The 2009 Entertainment, Media & Advertising Market Research Handbook. 10th ed. Loganville, GA: Richard K. Miller &

Associates, 157–66.

Moore, G. A. (1995). Inside the tornado: marketing strategies from Silicon Valley’s cutting

edge (Vol. 19). New York: HarperBusiness.

Noble, C. H., & Mokwa, M. P. (1999). Implementing marketing strategies: developing and testing a managerial theory. The Journal of Marketing, 57-73.

Schlacter, B. (2009). Generation Y Lacking Savings. Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Boston.

Spellings R. (2009). Mass Marketing Is Dead. Make Way for Personal Marketing. The Direct Marketing Voice. England.

Travel Dailyme, (2013).Travek Daily Media. FlyDubai takes off with new Business.

Retrieved 06/01/2014: class HYPERLINK “http://www.traveldailymedia.com/198624/flydubai-takes-off-with-new-business-class/” http://www.traveldailymedia.com/198624/flydubai-takes-off-with-new-business-class/

Tybout, A. M., Calder, B. J., & Sternthal, B. (1981). Using information processing theory to design marketing strategies. Journal of Marketing Research, 73-79.

Walker et al, (2013). Marketing strategy: A decision focused approach (2nd ed). London. Allan and Wayne

Weiss, MA 2002, Data structures & Problem Solving using Java (2nd ed). Boston, Addison

Wesley.

Fly Emirates International Business Strategies

Student’s Name:

Institution:

1.0 Background

The establishment is a very large airline in UAE with a mission of delivering best quality services and the vision is to endeavor to serve the customers with high degree of satisfaction with a view of providing clients affordable services. It is owned by the government and has expanded to various parts of the globe.

The company flies to over 140 destinations globally and has more than 200 fleets of aircraft. It has grown in the business and can compete favorably with large airline corporation globally.

2.0 Fly Emirate Business Internationalization

There is unprecedented competition in the market today. The need to have bigger and better market share in the service or the product industry was larger today as compared to ten years ago. It can be associated to the fact that firms are now than ever before in the quest to understand the customers. Marketing strategies emphasizes that the understanding of the customer is far much important than understanding the competitors. Marketing concept is the new mantra in marketing today. Firms have applied all the strategies they know for better understanding the consumers. There are many factors that affect the needs and wants of customers. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend the requirements and the dynamics of the customers in the ever-changing environments. They should not only strive to provide the customers with what they want but should also strive to make affordable. These marketing strategies deals with the fact that the businesses are not the ones which create the needs of the customers but they contribute a lot in influencing the demand by coming up with designs which are attractive, work well, affordable and available. Businesses will also strive to communicate the features of their products to the customers by way of advertising. The paper will analyze the marketing strategies and the effect it has in business operations.

3.0 Fly Emirate’s Competitive Advantage

Fly Emirate is a newly started company in the airline industry. It first adopted a business model whereby the customers could go for the preferred service and ask for a specific class based on preference. The customer care support could the check for its availability, locate it and issues a ticket. In addition, Fly Emirate operates a “call and collect” service whereby customers could ring, book a ticket if available and then reserve a seat (Walker et al., 2013).

The product of Fly Emirate brings in a combination comfort and affordability. The business-class and the economy-class are the major products presented by the company. Every product has varied features depending on the class. The product has the capability of synchronizing a broad assortment of features. It is one of the methods that the establishment use in connecting varied routes comprising of big seats, affordable catering services skilled cabin crew, and provided with lounge in terminal two in Dubai international airport (Alcocks, 2011).

Fly Emirate marketers build up delivery strategies to guarantee that the services are accessible in the appropriate price at the correct time and position. It is believed that Fly Emirate do this competently. Moreover, it has expanded in a number of nations and has stood and come out clearly. Perhaps it is because there is high awareness, and thus reputation is rising with the introduction of business class (Saxena, 2013).

According to Kotler, Keller, and Burton (2009), businesses and firms do not concentrate and do marketing activities only. There are other factors that affect the businesses they engage. There is competition from the competitors, political changes, and alteration in social and technological environments. All these components have to be considered as the firm strives to meet the needs and wants of the customers (Borch, 2008).

When contemplating on low-cost of travelling via air and most individuals picture the images of full of activity cabins, incomprehensible out-of-town air-link and the necessity to get on a packed bus in advance. It is not suitable for a middle or low-class customer who is budget oriented and sticks to the budget. However, Fly Emirate presented a business-class travel a low-cost rotation. This is one of the tactics that the establishment use in flying different routes comprising of big seats, affordable catering services skilled cabin crew, and provided with lounge in terminal two in Dubai international airport (Alcocks, 2011).

In the company, and the airline as a whole, the move is as a result of the requirements demanded by customers for a premium service, especially on routes that have beforehand never been operated. The customer under the business-class gets precedence check-in, baggage assortment and a 24-hour client service center, all for business-class prices. It is as well one of the tactics of capturing the group of clients falling under this category (Jonnes, 2013).

Fly Emirate may be able to negotiate favorable deals with both the consumers who are eager for new ventures or who do not appreciate the opportunities for all the business component part. If later entrants consequently find the components in a short supply there have no choice other than expanding at a constrained period. For example, Fly Emirate was able to absorb more than half of the entire production of services. As a result, all the competitors such as had difficulties matching the simplicity of the services. The establishment was capable of expanding the capacity thus, assuring the clients about the market sustainability (Trval Dailyme, 2013).

Fly Emirate launches products, with the objective of attaining substantial market share. The target market however is very vital in dictating the success of the products launched. The preferences of consumers do vary, with some consumers being risk averse, who would not like to try any new product, while other consumers are risk takers. According to Walker et al, (2013), the marketers therefore have to understand the needs of different consumers and behaviors which demand require an in-depth study of their external and internal environment, so as to aid in the formulation of marketing plans (Walker et al, 2013).

4.0 External Factors

4.1 Political

In globalization, as well as international business, the action instigated through governments has effects on daily business dealings locally and internationally. The actions that are employed by countries depend solely on the country’s economic state. There are controls imposed by governments as well as restrictions on products. For instance, the government of UAE has put emphasis on encouraging business and hence encouraged internationalization. Also, countries globally have created an enabling environment for businesses (Babu, 2007).

The aim is to regulate and guard the country especially on concerns of interests such as labor rights, human rights, corruption, tax, and environmental issues. Through an observation made by analysts, there is a continuous progress that is disastrous moves that may lead the industry to socio-politico-economic hardships. The issues that have aggravated the establishment are the fact that they have realized a flat demand and their creation of a varied range of beverages that have not been responded well by the buyer (Babu, 2007). The establishment has also been influenced by the policies set by the government and how the banks earn is not impressing.

4.2 Economical

International economic circumstance has also turned out to be one of the aspects that impact Samsung business processes as this corporation is known worldwide. Price increases, downturn and legal tender are three significant economic aspects that Fly Emirates perceived. For instance, for a period of inflation in the United States of America, the buying power of all the populace will lessen and travel to Fly Emirates to U.S. will as well lessen. As the dollar has disoriented in meaning, to reduce the impact of price increases Fly Emirate has acquired it self-foreign money to augment proceeds in an international market. The UAE economic situation is optimistic thus creating confidence to investors. Increasing utility bills has been a concern, but people have opted to save on gas and electricity as well as embarking on demographic dynamism (Doole, & Lowe, 2008).

4.3 Social

The changing lifestyle, globalization and virtual planet are social aspects that provide an immense influence to Fly Emirate business progress. The living standards and patterns of the people are the social factors comprising of the clientele preferences, income bracket, perceptions, and life priorities concerning the brands. The prices set by the company are so affordable and therefore well aligned in accordance with the income brackets of the population. These prices must be maintained so as to bring the prices down. The introduction of affordable a variety of related products is a good step in bringing all clientele at the same spot (Muhlbacher, Leihs, & Dahringer, 2006).

4.4 Technological

At the present time technology’s market is vast, therefore signifying the contestants of Fly Emirate will as well escalate. The competition also gets harder as technology revolutionizes and novelty expands much more rapidly. Consequently, all airlines products have varied assortments. That is why Fly Emirate requires improving the products brand and image more frequently so as to outshine the contestant without difficulty. In this respect, Red bull endeavor to devote most of the resources in research and service provision (Borch, 2008).

Recommendation

Strategies that must be put in place include online marketing. The company will make sales over the internet thus reducing cost of marketing products. Online promotion is another strategy that is incorporated to increase sales. Contingency plan will be prepared to ensure business continuity if a disaster occurs. Key business areas that must be kept include customer relations, customer phone contacts and utilization department. In case of a disaster, continuous availability strategy will be applied since the data center will need to be the same with all operations undertaken at the organization and has to be away from the location of the organization. Remote journaling and electronic vaulting are yet some other strategies that will be applicable. The security personnel, the damage assessment and recovery team, service teams and IT experts are among the teams responsible for recovering electronic systems to a normal state.

One of the basic things that should be considered when taking into consideration marketing concept is marketing as a core function of business. Most companies have not given marketing the attention it so deserves. The concept of marketing should be included in the normal operations of the business. One of the great importance is the fact that the consumer’s wants should be put into consideration right from the beginning of all the plans that the firm has in store. It, therefore, follows the fact that marketing should be introduced at the start and not at the end of the production process. All major decisions that are done in the firm should include marketing considerations.

The marketing notion is based on two principles that include the fact that the consumer is taken to be the central point of all the activity of the business. The second principle is the fact that the profits are specified as the criteria that will be used for evaluating marketing activities. For a long time, volume sales have been used to evaluate the marketing activities.

Fly Emirate launches products, with the objective of attaining substantial market share. The target market however is very vital in dictating the success of the products launched. The preferences of consumers do vary, with some consumers being risk averse, who would not like to try any new product, while other consumers are risk takers. According to Walker et al, (2013), the marketers therefore have to understand the needs of different consumers and behaviors which demand require an in-depth study of their external and internal environment, so as to aid in the formulation of marketing plans.

The Consumer behavior is the decision-making strategy that the organization can use for the leaders and followers and physical activity engaged in the acquisition, evaluation, usage and the disposition of goods and services. The consumer behavior is all encompassing function, which heavily influences the marketing and the purchasing process. The purchasing process starts from the consumers’ mind, which influences the alternatives that the consumer chooses, depending on the perceived relative advantages and disadvantages.

In trying new products, Fly Emirate consumer behavior is of importance, as the decision-making process and physical activity that is involved. The behavior of the consumers is multidimensional, complex and a dynamic process which influences the entire decision-making procedure. It is therefore of importance that the organization adopts strategies that are vital towards attaining a strategic competitive advantage; therefore, the marketing channels by the organization utilizes vital towards determining the product’s success. The customer behavior determines the perceived customer value; hence business has to implement a process that entails the formulation of marketing strategy. Essentially, the marketing strategy involves market analysis, strategy formulation and decision making. The decision making is a process which entails problem recognition, information search, evaluation, selection procedure, and this finally influences the purchase decision by the consumer.

In understanding the behavior of the consumers towards new products, it is vital to conduct market analysis, which also includes analysis on the organization, the competition and the conditions. In contacting the research, this is aimed towards offering better customer value, which is the aim of the company. It is dictated to by the consumer needs, the company offerings as well as the environment. The diversified nature of the factors influencing the market, especially on the consumers’ perception and acceptance of new products, creates challenges on the producers. It is doubled-edged sword that assists both expansion-market plans for market leaders and share-growth strategies for followers to improve the company’s profit. The company will make sales over the internet thus reducing cost of marketing products.

Conclusion

Proper marketing strategies have helped many companies to reach epic positions in the competition. With time, they started taking strategic planning, and this served to position the marketing concept at the periphery of marketing functions. Now, as many companies lose competition and business, these marketing strategies have back in full swing. Businesses need to rethink the take of the customers and meet the needs. The need to have customers satisfied will never be overtaken by any other business strategy. Fly Emirate has found it necessary to take into account the marketing concept and see to it that they implement to the core.

ReferencesAshen, M 2003, “The rediscovery of the consumer”, Journal of Marketing, vol. 5(3), 248

253.

Babu, G.R., 2007. Portfolio Management (including Security Analysis). Conept Publishing

Company.

Barringer, B. R. & Duane I. (2010). Entrepreneurship: Successfully Launching New Ventures, 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Birchall, J. (2009). Out to Launch in a Downturn. Financial Times. New York.

Booms, B. H., & Bitner, M. J. (1981). Marketing strategies and organization structures for service firms. Marketing of services, 47-51.

Borch, F (2008), “The marketing philosophy as a way of business life”, Harvard Business

Review, vol. 6(3), 65-76.

Boyd, H. & Walker, O. (1990). Marketing Management, A Strategic Approach, Boston, Irwin 

Colombo, R. A., & Morrison, D. G. (1989). Note—A Brand Switching Model with

Implications for Marketing Strategies. Marketing Science, 8(1), 89-99.

Doole, I. & Lowe, R., (2008). International marketing strategy: analysis, developement and

implementation. 5th ed. Cengage Learning EMEA.

Grönroos, C. (1983). Innovative marketing strategies and organization structures for service firms. Emerging Perspectives on Services Marketing, 9-21.

Hauser, J. R., & Shugan, S. M. (1983). Defensive marketing strategies. Marketing Science,

2(4), 319-360.

Hoagland, H and Williamson, L 2000, Feasibility Studies, Kentucky, University of Kentucky

José M. M. (2005). Market Segmentation Strategies. How to Maximize Opportunities on the

Potential Market. Mexico.

Kotler, P, Keller, K, & Burton, S (2009). Marketing management, 1st Australian adaptation,

Frenchs Forest, Australia, Pearson Education Australia.

Kotler, P., & Roberto, E. L. (1989). Social marketing: Strategies for changing public

behavior (p. 25). New York: Free Press.

Lovelock, C. H. (1999). Developing marketing strategies for transnational service operations. Journal of services marketing, 13(4/5), 278-295.

Miles, R.E. & Snow, C. (1978). Organizational Strategy, Structure and Process, New York, McGraw Hill.

Miller R. K. & Washington, K. (2009). The 2009 Entertainment, Media & Advertising Market Research Handbook. 10th ed. Loganville, GA: Richard K. Miller &

Associates, 157–66.

Muhlbacher, H., Leihs, H. & Dahringer, L., (2006). International marketing: a global

perspective. 3rd ed. Cengage Learning EMEA.

Moore, G. A. (1995). Inside the tornado: marketing strategies from Silicon Valley’s cutting

edge (Vol. 19). New York: HarperBusiness.

Noble, C. H., & Mokwa, M. P. (1999). Implementing marketing strategies: developing and testing a managerial theory. The Journal of Marketing, 57-73.

Schlacter, B. (2009). Generation Y Lacking Savings. Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Boston.

Spellings R. (2009). Mass Marketing Is Dead. Make Way for Personal Marketing. The Direct Marketing Voice. England.

Tybout, A. M., Calder, B. J., & Sternthal, B. (1981). Using information processing theory to design marketing strategies. Journal of Marketing Research, 73-79.

Walker et al, (2013). Marketing strategy: A decision focused approach (2nd ed). London. Allan and Wayne.

Name

Course

Institution

Instructor

Date

Flying cheap movie

‘Profit’ is often the main motive to investors or businesspersons in all sectors of trade. It is therefore sure that operators within the airline travel sector, just as it is the case with other forms of business try to maximize profits while minimizing on the costs. This informs the plot and storyline depicted by the documentary on flying cheap as written and directed by Rick Young. The movie critically presents a factual documentary on what exactly happened in ill-fated Colgan operated flight that crashed in 2009 outside Buffalo and claimed at least fifty lives. The ‘continental connection flight’ 3407was a commuter flight and is exactly the recreation of the documentary by Young and which depicts the errors with the pilot as well as the first officer to have caused the crash (Genzlinger, para 1-5).

The documentary depicts evolutionary process in the regional system of airlines with the special focus on the relatively small airline companies such as the Colgan Company. The movie depicts the operations of the rather small airliners carrying the big names like ‘continental’ on them despite their failure to meet at least the minimum standards of operation in safety as well as training for the crew members. The plot features a former Colgan Pilot’s description of his daily routine at Colgan as a pilot. Many short routes coupled with lots of ‘landings’ and ‘take offs’ as well as meeting and braving bad weather are basic daily experiences to any pilot with the company. This according to him is so tiring and often presents a very long day to the pilot and crewmembers.

As the documentary features, passengers often make a misinformed perception whenever in a plane for a flight while thinking that they are safe at the hands of the ‘well able and experienced pilot and crew members in control’ while the reality may prove otherwise. The story line adopted in the documentary is an investigative plot where it investigates how regional airline couriers especially those operating as low cost flights have steadily changed the entire air travel industry with increased awareness of competition and the need for incentives such as the cheap flights. However, the investigation line is on whether the adoption of such strategies and the need to realize higher profits is in any way related to compromises of safety standards as observed in airline operators. This is confirmed through the strategic feature of the continental connection flight, which crashed in 2009 outside Buffalo. The documentary records mistakes of the pilot to have caused the crash and reveals that they were mistakes that would be easily avoided if proper caution in safety measures and training were observed.

The analysis of the movie reveals a shocking scenario where despite the technical nature of operations for a flight company, the need to compete favorably and profitably within the industry has caused many compromises in the past, which have been attributed to the great losses suffered whenever such a flight plane crashes. An emerging feature in operations of commercial flights is the lowering of the freight charges in order to attract more customers. Besides, the assumption of regional and international operations as insinuated by such titles as the ‘intercontinental’ are increasingly being adopted by small operators within the industry as a strategy to win customer trust and loyalty. Shocking however is the revelation that many of such companies are investing little if any in training of the crewmembers and the pilots as well as in ensuring that the safety standards observed are as would be necessary.

The business strategies that are being adopted by operators within the air travel industry are branding, offering incentives as well as minimizing operational costs with the aim of operating profitably in the industry. For instance, the so called ‘regional couriers’ are increasingly partnering with the small ‘independent’ couriers as partners in augmenting own income. Besides, these service provides are shown to be adopting the strategy of employing poorly experienced pilots and crew members in order to pay them poorly as a strategy of reducing on operating costs and increasing profit margin. Furthermore, these flight providers require the crew to operate long hours and many trips to increase profitability while in the extreme they fail to pay them until a flight is completed. This, on the other hands would be shown to be the main cause of poor performance by the crew as they are forced to ‘cut corners’ in order to rise on individual incomes. This therefore shows that despite the criticism on the movie (that it is scary and would be detrimental to viewers regarding the air travel as a choice for travelling), it is effective in exposing the vices that are propagated in the industry and the need to have them rectified for the welfare of service consumers and the crewmembers.

Recommendations: There is a need to have higher safety standards being observed in the industry in order to improve on the safety of using air for travelling. This paper therefore recommends that commercial flight operators should improve on the working conditions for the pilots and the crew members who are shown to fall victims to poor working conditions and hence the compromised productivity. In order to boost pilot concentration, well-defined flight routines are inevitable as well as improving on the pilot’s payments. Safety standards are also paramount to the welfare of all involved in the industry (the passengers as well as the companies) and hence the need to have predefined safety standards to be observed in the industry and have a regulatory body, which would be responsible of composing and enforcing policies to ensure safety, is observed in the industry. This paper also recommends the adoption of such incentives as improved customer relations, which would improve on customer loyalty especially with the guarantee of safety in travel by air.

Consequences: The above recommendations may all be interpreted as meant to increase the operation costs of the companies operating in the industry. However, the consequence of increased costs would be overcome by improved customer loyalty, which would lead to higher profit margins, and reduced risks in losses as would result from reduced customer loyalty and such crashes by the planes.

In conclusion therefore, this paper presents a summary of the documentary “flying cheap” as written and directed by Young. It is a depiction of the vices often overlooked in the air travel industry. The effects that result are as shown by the 2009 ‘continental connection flight’ crash and the great loss suffered. There is the need to restructure the operations of the industry especially in improving the working conditions of the pilots and the crew to increase on their productivity.

Works cited

Genzlinger, Neil, “Up in the Air, With Frayed Safety Nets” 2010. Web. 10 February 2014 < http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/09/arts/television/09cheap.html?_r=0>

Author

Tutor

Course

Date

Focus on Need Inc

A.Identify what specific organization or cause you want to support.

In choosing the appropriate charitable organization to support, it is imperative that one looks for an organization that has the same course as him or her. We chose to support Focus on Need Inc. a charitable organization that was established in 2011. It aims at providing varied educational programs including reading, lecture, writing, computer literacy, as well as mentoring in Philadelphia community. The organization plans to support or prop the local community, and the needy countries all over the world in enhancing their awareness and knowledge thereby allowing them to be productive in the society.

In choosing Focus on Need Inc, I carried out extensive research to establish the legitimacy of the organization and determine how it uses its funds. I, therefore, consulted the Internal Revenue Service, the charities bureau and the Illinois attorney general in an effort to unearth as much information as possible about the organization. At the minimum, I looked for a local organization that uses more than 65% of the funds on the charitable work. The organization’s objectives were in line with Indiana University Chinese Students and Scholars Association’s objective, which is to support new students and provide a community that will enhance the professional and academic growth of the students.

B.Identify what kind of activity you will conduct – and how you will decide that specific activity

In an effort to raise $50000 so as to support Focus on Need Inc, fundraising came as the most appropriate option over general appeal. Fundraising offers opportunities to meet generous individuals who use all the resources at their disposal to make a difference in people’s lives. In addition, fundraising activities brings all classes of people together for a common cause. It is relationship-based and provides an excellent opportunity for involvement in other people’s lives. In deciding about the activity, it was imperative that we look for a large source of funds, one that can be built over time. It was imperative that the activity targets diverse sources of funds such as individuals, small family foundations, community foundations and corporate foundations among others.

C.Outline how you plan to successfully organize and work with the group, including

The Organizational Structure

The organizational structure is informed by activities such as coordination, supervision and task allocation, which are aimed at achieving certain organizational goals. It defines how responsibilities for varied processes and functions are allocated to varied entities. It provides the basis for routine tests and standard operating procedures and determines the individuals who participate in certain processes of decision-making, and, therefore, the extent to which their views define the actions of the organization (Baligh 23).

Indiana University Chinese Students and Scholars Association (IUCSSA) has a matrix structure, where authority is divided by the project and functional area so as to meet the goals of the organization (Baligh 34). This structure allows for proper coordination or resources, specialization, communication, increase in the breadth of skills, as well as a flexible mode of sharing resources. The IUCSSA uses this structure to coordinate the interdependent and complex activities so as to meet its goals efficiently.

However, the varied groups, making up the association, adopt a functional structure where the group members carry out specialized tasks. This allows for enhanced efficiency and lowers the cost of carrying out activities (Baligh 37). However, it allows for little or no chances of communication with other groups.

Group Member Attitudes

The group members’ attitude refers to the obligations that bide the members to stay focused on the ethical and moral aspects. The IUCSSA is composed of young people who are dedicated to making enormous contributions so as to help other students grow professionally and academically. Members of the groups have an obligation to serve fellow students to enhance their professional and academic growth, while promoting the Chinese culture. In addition, all decisions incorporate the inputs of all members, in which case the members feel that they own the groups.

Motivation Concepts and Application

Motivation refers to the process that sustains, controls and elicits certain behaviors. It refers to a group of phenomena that affect how an individual behaves, the strength, as well as the persistence of behavior. Motivation may take on a social, cognitive, behavioral or a physiological approach. To motivate IUCSSA, compliments are given every time a person carries out a task satisfactorily. In addition, the groups adopt participative management processes where all individuals participate significantly in the process of decision making irrespective of their position in the group. Moreover, tasks are divided and assigned in line with individual strengths, likes and preferences so as to allow for intrinsic motivation, which is driven by the enjoyment and interest in performing the task and does not rely on external pressures (Schwartz 67).

Leadership

Leadership refers ability of an individual to enlist the support and aid of other people with the aim of accomplishing a common task. In IUCSSA, leaders have the role of controlling, planning and sharing information, as well as enhancing communication and motivating members of the groups effectively. The president of the group was chosen by all members of the association, and has three vice presidents, each of whom leads one of the three departments in the association. The vice-presidents supervise the daily running of the organization’s operations, as well as communicating with other groups. Under the vice-presidents are managers who have the responsibility of overseeing the operations of the departments.

Group Policies or Procedures

In enlisting members of the group, the initial information provided by applicants is used to determine whether they meet the fundamental requirements of the job. The shortlisted applicants are taken through the interview process, which is guided by the mission of the association to determine the students who have made the greatest contribution to enhancing the professional and academic growth of others.

Communication

Communication serves various functions in organizations including providing information, expressing emotions, controlling behavior and fostering motivation (Harris and Sherblom 56). These are the roles played by communication in UCSSA. Most of the communication is done through face to face method. However, meetings should be held every now and then where vice presidents appraise members on the association’s daily operations, as well as the next mission.

Group and Team Behavior

Group and team behavior is defined by the rules and regulations that the organization has adopted. These rules give a clear outline as to the duties and responsibilities of varied members of the group. It is noteworthy, however, that the team behavior is mainly founded on the values of the group. However, deviation from the commonly held values warrants a disciplinary action.

Power and Politics

Every member of the group has an obligation to play their part so as to ensure that the organizational goals are attained efficiently. Power dynamics and group politics may hinder the attainment of these goals (Hardy 19). In essence, the acceptable politics guidelines should be written down as a guideline for the operations of the group.

What are the 3 most important things you have learned about Behavior in Organizations as a result of this class (that you didn’t know at the beginning of the semester)? (1-2 pages, approximately 500 words)

Irrespective of the position occupied in the group, the association with IUCSSA brought valuable lessons not only on the intricacies of group management but also management of one’s personal life. As the association’s general assistant of operations and activities, it is only natural that I stood to learn quite a lot from the organization.

One of the most valued lessons that I learnt is the importance of motivation in enhancing the performance of the group or team. As much as appraising the performance of all the individuals in their respective capacities may have increased performance, congratulating individuals on performing a certain task satisfactorily enhanced their performance (Steers and Porter 65). This is especially where the individuals were intrinsically motivated through assigning them with duties that are aligned to their likes and preferences (Steers and Porter 67). This ensured that irrespective of the external pressures the individuals had the internal drive to carry out the tasks satisfactorily.

In addition, I learnt the importance of team work as far as accomplishing the organization’s goals is concerned. Teams carry out tasks at a faster pace than individuals. This is especially when the individuals in a group carry out tasks that are in line with their specialization. They learn to complement each other, as well as help each other thereby reducing the work pressure and workload. In addition, competition does not always lead to conflict. In fact, competition between team members has enhanced the motivation of the members to outdo their counterparts as far as performance is concerned. The relationship between the varied team members is improved, while all members stand to gain from each other.

In addition, I learnt the importance of rules and regulations in guiding the behavior of team members. This averted conflicts amongst the various members of the association and the group since the members always had conflicting ideas and motivations. Rules, therefore, set the means of operation for the team members thereby aligning their actions to the goals of the organization (Bacharach and Lawler 45).

Extra credit

The success of any project depends on the dynamics of the varied aspects of the project and their interrelationships. These include the organizational structure, the attitudes of group members, leadership strategies, motivational concepts and communication, as well as power, politics and group behavior.

Organizational Structure

There are variations as to the appropriate organizational structures within groups in organizations and the entire organization. The most appropriate organizational structure within groups in an organization is a flat structure where there are few or no intervening management levels (Baligh 35). This ensures that every group member participates in decision making thereby enhancing productivity. However, a matrix structure is the most appropriate within the organization. This allows for division of authority by the project and functional area. It enhances specialization and interaction between the constituent groups (Baligh 37).

Group Member Attitudes

Group members’ attitudes are affected by the composition of the groups. In essence, it is always imperative that any individual who joins the project is rigorously vetted to ensure that he or she shares the same attitudes as other team members. This would ensure that the perspective and the commitment of other team members remains unchanged thereby enhancing the attainment of the organizational goal.

Motivation Concepts and Application

Motivation is an essential component in any organization. It enhances the performance of employees and gives them the impression that they are valued. To motivate members, it is imperative that a reward system be incorporated where individuals who have performed exemplary are recognized and rewarded. In addition, team members should be assigned tasks that confine to their areas of specialization or their likes and preferences (Mitchell 45).

Leadership

While many people may not feel the need to have leaders especially when all members are carrying out their duties and responsibilities appropriately, it is always imperative that the group chooses leaders who will be accountable for its decisions. However, they must undergo a rigorous interviewing process to ensure that they are sufficiently motivated to propel the project to other heights. They must be able to influence other people to assist in the attainment of common goals. In addition, they would enhance sharing of information, motivate the members and allow for communication.

Group Policies or Procedures

It is noteworthy that there are challenges pertaining to the miscommunication, as well as a deficiency of responsibility. Miscommunication signals a problem with the communication structures, whereas a deficiency in responsibility shows that the team members are not appropriately motivated. It is imperative that the appropriate selection process be carried out to allow people who have the internal drive to carry out the affected tasks. In addition, decisions must be communicated effectively in team meetings and avenues of clarification be established to eliminate chances of miscommunication.

Communication

Communication is extremely essential for the success of the project. In essence, it is imperative that the project incorporates clear communication structures. In essence, the decisions that affect the whole project should be communicated to every member through meetings and newsletters (Harris and Sherblom 68). In addition, communication between group members should be enhanced, and all members allowed to incorporate their input in all decisions affecting their groups.

Group and Team Behavior

Group behaviors have a bearing on the overall performance of the project. In essence, as much as the groups have different individuals it is imperative that they be taught how to act as teams rather than groups. This involves allowing the participation of all individuals and incorporating their inputs in every stage. In addition, increased coordination of the members’ activities is needed to allow for maximum output.

Power and Politics

Power and politics have a bearing on the performance of the group. It is imperative that the appropriate structures be incorporated to allow for the synchronization of the varied political opinions, especially as far as allocation of duties responsibilities and roles are concerned. The project must incorporate clear guidelines as to how decisions will be made. These rules have to be sufficiently flexible to allow for their usage in diverse situations (Hardy 16).

References

Baligh, Helmy H. Organization Structures: Theory And Design, Analysis And Prescription. New York: Birkhäuser, 2006. Print

Schwartz, Andrew E. Motivation: Linking Performance to Goals. New York: Andrew E Schwartz, 2001. Print

Steers, Richard M. and Porter, Lyman W. Motivation and work behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1975

Mitchell, Terence R. Motivation and performance. New York: Science Research Associates, 1984. Print

Harris, Thomas E and Sherblom, John. Small group and team communication. London: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, 2005. Print

Bacharach, Samuel B and Lawler, Edward J. Power and politics in organizations. Chicago: Jossey-Bass, 1980. Print

Hardy, Cynthia. Power and politics in organizations. New York: Dartmouth, 1995. Print

Statistics and Research Methods

Name

Affiliation

Executive Summary

Amid the period 2009-2013, the normal offer of the essential area in Dubai downright GDP was 9%, the optional part was 16% and the tertiary division was 75%. The essential division incorporates horticulture, domesticated animals, angling, mining and quarrying. The optional area incorporates fabricating businesses. The tertiary segment incorporates whatever is left of the financial exercises, which are essentially benefits. The offer of the essential part in Dubai GDP was declining by a yearly normal rate of 4%. The offer of the auxiliary part was staying steady and unaltered. The offer of the tertiary segment was ascending by yearly normal rate of 1% amid the period 2009-2013 (Business Monitor International, BMI 2008)

Introduction

Dubai vision for what’s to come is to turn into the financial center point and the monetary focus of the area. Fundamentally Dubai is resolved to help long haul non-oil GDP development depending on the creation of non-oil items and the procurement of the administrations. Dubai is relying on major monetary segments for the acknowledgment of this vision. These are in particular industry, exchange, administrations and development.

The kind of the financial development of Dubai is controlled by the structure of the economy and the monetary cycle that the economy experiences. The monetary development of Dubai has chiefly been element driven.

Objective

The essential target of this macroeconomic report is to follow and recognize the late advancements in the structure of Dubai GDP and what discovers that structure and what are the conceivable future prospects of the major monetary areas of Dubai economy.

Research Hypothesis

Dubai economic sectors in the coming years is high

Methodology

A logical methodology is utilized to reveal insight into the late improvements in the structure of Dubai GDP and its segments, the execution of the major monetary areas, the profitability of the components of generation and their shares in GDP, and the profits on interest in the diverse parts. This is notwithstanding Dubai government money. Authentic information for the period 2009-2013 is utilized as a part of the investigation. Factual programming, for example, MS Excel are utilized to process and depict the financial information.

Structure of Dubai GDP at Sectorial Level for 2009-2013

Dubai (GDP) is isolated into oil and non-oil GDP, with the recent speaking to the staggering piece of Dubai GDP. As Figure 1 underneath demonstrates, the offer of non-oil GDP altogether GDP expanded from around 90% in 2000 to around 93% in 2013. At the point when the commitment of the mining area (that is oil part) is avoided from the commitment of the non-budgetary partnership segment, the remaining segments contributed 74% of aggregate GDP over the same period.

Figure 2: Structure of Dubai GDP, 2009-2013

95% 70% 45% 20% -5% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2009 Corporation sector Financial sector Government sector Households sector Imputed bank services Source: Own calculations based on Dubai Municipality Statistical Year Book, 2013.

Figure underneath demonstrates the yearly normal development rates of the sectoral parts of Dubai aggregate GDP amid the period 2009-2013 (Syrquin, 1989). As the Figure demonstrates, each of the non-oil GDP sectoral parts was becoming speedier than the oil area. Overall, the non-oil areas were becoming yearly by 8% while the oil part was becoming by 5%. This pattern clarifies why Dubai non-oil GDP commands its aggregate GDP. Figure underneath gives the commitment of the non-money related partnership area by its sub-areas.

Figure 4: Structure of Corporation sector, 2009-2013 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% 2009 2000 2001 2002 2013

847725-1889125847725-1889125

Agriculture Mining Manufacturing Utilities Constrution Trade Resturants & Hotels Transport & communication Real estates Social services Source: Own calculations based on Dubai Municipality Statistical Year Book, 2013.

Inside the non-monetary enterprise area, the offer of the sub-part transport,

Stockpiling and correspondence in GDP was relentlessly rising. It partake in GDP ascended from 12% in 2009 to 18% in 2013.

z-Test: Two Sample for Means

  Variable 1 Variable 2

Mean 3180.75 3747.75

Known Variance 2 3

Observations 4 4

Hypothesized Mean Difference 0 z -507.14 P(Z<=z) one-tail 0 z Critical one-tail 1.644854 P(Z<=z) two-tail 0 z Critical two-tail 1.959964  

The sub-segments whose shares were imperceptibly declining amid the period 2009-2013 are development sub-division and wholesale, retail exchange and repairing administrations sub-area. It is clear from these assumes that the circulation of the quality added is skewed more to capital (Ministry of Planning, 2013).

This outcome is normal for an economy like Dubai which is in view of modest outsider work. The ramifications of this outcome is that work is well on the way to be of low aptitudes and this is liable to bargain the nature of the yield created. At the end of the day, Dubai may contend on cost, however it will be unable to contend on quality.

Dubai Public Finance

As we have seen in segment 2, the administration area has contributed around 9% of Dubai aggregate GDP. In this manner, Dubai government income and use arrangements have a financial effect on the economy of Dubai.

Table 1: Dubai government operations, 2009-2013 (millions of AED)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total revenue 8,724 11,079 10,211 9,103 10,091

Non-tax revenue 7,163 9,548 8,590 7,690 8,187

Oil and gas 3,670 5,875 4,949 3,735 4,000

Enterprise profits 1/ 1,111 1,111 1,035 1,237 1,361

Other 2/ 2,382 2,562 2,606 2,718 2,827

Tax revenue 1,561 1,531 1,621 1,413 1,904

Customs 3/ 1,378 1,365 1,415 1,178 1,622

Income tax 4/ 183 166 206 235 282

Total expenditure 9,850 9,341 10,008 10,215 11,286

Current 5,665 5,523 6,617 6,865 7,742

Wages and salaries 2,328 2,571 2,885 2,939 3,331

Goods and services 2/ 5/ 2,895 1,740 1,983 1,971 2,010

Subsidies and transfers 6/ 254 850 1,238 1,590 1,908

Other 188 362 511 365 493

Development 2,981 2,365 1,841 2,040 2,244

Loans and equity (net) 4 253 350 110 100

Domestic 4 253 350 110 100

Foreign 0 0 0 0 0

Grants – Contribution to federal government 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200

Overall balance -1,126 1,738 203 -1,112 -1,195

Consumption

Consumption is a stream variable and is characterized as the yearly spending on last merchandise and administrations, by both government and private area. Sadly, there is no information accessible on Dubai private utilization. Along these lines, we have utilized the utilization weight at UAE level to infer a private utilization figure for Dubai, and this is indicated in Figure 11 underneath as a proportion of Dubai GDP for the period 2000-2013. The normal offer for this period was 0.47. The offer of determined private utilization altogether GDP of Dubai was ascending by a yearly normal rate of 4% amid this period. This is so on the grounds that private utilization was ascending by a yearly normal rate of 11% and the GDP by 7% amid this period. The rising utilization is brought on by rising wage or GDD, developing populace and stable purchaser costs.

Figure 11: Consumption-GDP ratio

0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 2000 2001 2002 2013

857250-1977390

Reported government consumption Derived private consumption

Source: Own calculations based on Dubai Municipality Statistical Year Book, 2013.

7. Prospects of the Economic Sectors

Sectorial shares in Dubai Total GDP

0.900 0.800 0.700 0.600 0.500 0.400 0.300 0.200 0.100 0.000 2009 2000 2001 2002 2013

875665-1957070

Primary sector Secondary sector Tertiary sector

Source: Own calculations based on Dubai Municipality Statistical Year Book, 2013.

This segment examines the future prospects of the diverse financial segments of Dubai. Figure 14 beneath demonstrates the sectoral shares of Dubai GDP amid the period 2009-2013. The essential area incorporates agribusiness, animals, angling, mining and quarrying. The auxiliary segment incorporates producing commercial ventures.

As per our counts, the offer of the essential area in Dubai GDP was falling by a yearly normal rate of 4% amid the period 2009-2013. The offer of the optional segment did not change throughout the entire period. Then again, the offer of the tertiary area was ascending by a yearly normal rate of 1% amid this period. These outcomes affirm the discoveries in the financial writing on the examples of auxiliary change amid the procedure of monetary development (Syrquin, 1989). The outcomes demonstrate that the administrations division has promising prospects of development later on.

The principal segment of table 2 beneath demonstrates the separate of the tertiary area into its distinctive monetary exercises.

Table 2: Average shares and growth rates of economic activities during 2009-2013

Share growth

Wholesale, retail trade and repairing services 0.16 0.06

Transports, storage and communication 0.15 0.19

Financial services (banks, insurance, finance) 0.11 0.11

Real estate and business services 0.09 0.06

Government services 0.09 0.06

Construction 0.08 0.05

Restaurants and hotels 0.05 0.08

Social and personal services 0.03 0.08

Electricity, gas and water 0.02 0.05

Domestic services of households 0.01 0.07

Imputed bank services -0.03 Source: Own calculations based on Dubai Municipality Statistical Year Book, 2013.

As clear from the table the prevailing monetary exercises in the tertiary division (those with an offer of 5% and then some) are exchanging; transport, stockpiling and correspondence; money related administrations; land and business administrations; taxpayer driven organizations; development; and eateries and inns. The exercises that were becoming generally speedier are transport, stockpiling and correspondence; and monetary administrations.

Conclusions

Amid the late years, the offer of the essential area in Dubai GDP has been declining; the offer of the auxiliary division has been steady and unaltered; while the offer of the tertiary segment has been rising. The prevailing monetary exercises of the tertiary area are exchanging; transport, stockpiling and correspondence; budgetary administrations; land and business administrations; development; eateries and inns.

References

Business Monitor International (BMI) “The UAE Business Forecast Report”, BMI LTD, 2005.

Dubai Municipality, “Statistical Year Book- Emirate of Dubai”, 2013, Statistics

Center.

Dubai Municipality, “Economic survey for private sector establishments”, Statistics Center, 2013.

International Monetary Fund (IMF) “United Arab Emirates: Statistical Appendix”, Country Report No. 04/175, June 2004, Washington, D.C.

Ministry of Planning, “National Abstract for 2000-2013”, available on the Internet online at: http://www.uae.gov.ae/mop/acc_Report/acc_tab_00-03.htm

Syrquin, M. (1989), “Patterns of Structural Change.” in H. Chenery and T. Srinivasan, (eds.), “Handbook of Development Economics”, Vol. 1, Amsterdam, North-Holland.

27

Anywhere Hospital Compliance Program

Following American Psychological Association Guidelines

Name

Institution

Date

Anywhere Hospital Compliance Program

Presentation Summary

Our Corporate Compliance Program fundamentally incorporates the universal key seven compliance elements. This is put forward as the initial step, a virtuous faith, and expressive commitment of the hospital’s administration and all the employees en route for success and achievement of goals by the hospital. Each individual as applicable is obligated to back the program’s effective implementation significantly.

1. The development and distribution of written canons of conduct, in addition to written guidelines and procedures that uphold the hospital’s obligation to compliance. This is by comprising observance to compliance necessities as a component of the evaluation of managers and personnel and that clearly address the particular areas of probable fraud. These may comprise claims development and submission procedures, financial associations with general practitioners and code gaming among other health care specialists;2. The description of a principal compliance involves staff and other applicable bodies. This would be a corporate compliance team with the principle responsibility of functioning and watching over the compliance program. This team reports straight to the governing body of the hospital.3. The development, facilitation and adoption of regular, operative educative and training plans for each and every employee affected.4. The upkeep of a progression, example of a hotline, to take in complaints and recommendations, and the embracing of measures to protect the secrecy of the appellants and to protect informers from possible reprisal;5. The adoption of systems to answer to contentions of improper/illegitimate undertakings and the implementation of appropriate punitive action against personnel who have desecrated internal compliance policies, pertinent statutes, conventions or the Federal health care program necessities;6. The usage of assessments and/or other appraisal modus operandi to monitor compliance and to largely assist in the lessening of acknowledged problem area.7. Lastly, the review and remediation of acknowledged wide-ranging glitches and the improvement of procedures addressing the non-employment or the urge to retain sanctioned individuals.These are the key aspects to be outlined in the compliance program.

References

Compliance Guidance. (2014, November 9). Retrieved December 10, 2014, from https://oig.hhs.gov/compliance/compliance-guidance/index.asp

Summary of Wekmed’s Compliance Program, (2014) retrieved from HYPERLINK “http://www.wakemed.org/body.cfm?id=72″http://www.wakemed.org/body.cfm?id=72 . Retrieved on December 10, 2014.