Category: Uncategorized

Moving Headquarters Overseas

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1. What are the drawbacks and benefits associated with moving business unit and corporate

HQ to another country?

The benefits

One of the merits of undertaking a movement of a business unit of Shifting the HQ is that is organizations gains global recognition. Secondly, this helps the organization to be close to its shareholders as well as main stakeholders and a result the firm will increase its flexibility as well as build its communication. Thirdly, the firms also benefits from the commitment derived from the host’s country laws and policies. Lastly this builds the companies political commitment and motivation.

Drawbacks

The prominent drawback of such moves is that there are heavy financial constrains faced by MNE’s during the move. The second is that the company may face cultural dilution or challenges since different countries have different business culture.

2. If you were a CEO or a business unit head, under what conditions would you consider moving HQ?

There are various conditions that would prompt me as the CEO of an organization to move the HQ. Some of the reasons are:

If the host country laws are not conducive to the business. Examples of such a laws are those that hinder business expansions (Berger, Choi & Kim, 2011).

If the current host country has heavy taxes as compared to the moving country of nation

The last condition is if the target market is varied hence profit maximization

3. If you were a government official in the MNE’s home country, what can you do to discourage such moves of multinational HQ out of the country?

The movement of such MNE’s HQ to other countries may cost the host country, therefore as a government official I would:

Amend the laws that ought to be changed in order to favor such companies or firms.

To offer the MNE’s reliable business environment like that of the target country (Peng, 2013).

References

Berger, R., Choi, C. J., & Kim, J. B. (2011). Responsible leadership for multinational enterprises in bottom of pyramid countries: The knowledge of local managers. Journal of business ethics, 101(4), 553-561.

Peng, M. (2013). Global business. Cengage learning.

Name of Student

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Introduction

Moral reasoning is the process that requires an individual to choose between what is right or wrong in a certain situation. In this position essay, I was supposed to choose between buying a dream phone and providing subsistence income for four families. I already have a cheap phone with a plan but was thinking to buy dream phone (galaxy S5) because there was a 50% deduction offer in the cost of the phone. The $400 which is the cost of the phone can provide subsistence income for four families in poor countries. My position, in this case, is providing subsistence income for four poor families instead of purchasing Galaxy S5, which is a luxury phone. My arguments rotate around the fact that people should change their way of thinking and their perception of morality so that they can provide help to the needy people. My first argument is that suffering and death are bad whether brought about by hunger, inadequate housing or poor medical care. My second argument is that if a person is in a position of preventing a morally bad thing without sacrificing a something of almost equal moral importance, one should do it. I will describe these two arguments in this essay putting in mind the moral reasoning so that I can justify my decision of providing subsistence income for four families with the $400.

First Argument

My first argument is that suffering and death are bad whether brought about by hunger, inadequate housing or poor medical care. Whether one should help those people who are needy does not depend on how one is close to them because the fact that they are far away from you does not lessen their suffering (Greene 360). It also follows that one cannot fail to help the needy because others capable of helping are not doing so as this still does not lessen their suffering. From the moral principle of justice, one is supposed to treat other people fairly and equally (Singer 334). In this situation, we have people who are suffering because they cannot even afford the three basic needs namely food, clothing and shelter. I would be going against this moral principle if I can decide to buy a luxury phone instead of helping them to at least meet their basic needs (Greene 367). Helping is a virtual even in the Bible. People are encouraged to assist those people in need if they are in a position to assist. People should understand that no one chooses to be born into a poor family or country, and this should provide enough motivation for them to help those in need.

Second Argument

My second argument is that if a person is in a position of preventing a morally bad thing without sacrificing something of almost equal moral importance, one should do it. In this case, I am sacrificing purchasing a luxury phone (Galaxy S5) which is of lower moral importance as compared to providing subsistence income for four families from poor countries (Singer 340). Even from the principle of utilitarianism, actions are right to the extent that they bring a lot of benefits to the largest number of people. Classical utilitarianism justifies the altruistic principle of self-sacrifice so that you can benefit other people. In this principle, some members of the society must sacrifice their personal interests in order to benefit others without benefiting personally (Greene 363). So, in my case I would sacrifice my personal interest in buying Galaxy S 5 smartphone so that I can benefit the suffering and dying people from poor countries. The principle of beneficence states that one should help himself as he help others. Honoring this principle means I should help people who are needy by donating money to them instead of buying a luxury phone while I already possess one. A good example to justify this argument is in a case where one is required to help a drowning child in a pond. One should rescue the child even it means dirtying his or her clothes (Singer 347). This argument is justified because, dirtying one’s clothes is not a substantial moral cost than the death of a child. Hence, helping needy people is a more significant moral act than buying a luxury Galaxy S5 phone.

First Objection

The first objection is that if people donate their money to the needy will deny them the moral principle of autonomy. My response to this objection is that donating money to the needy people in the society does not deny one the right to pursue his or her personal interests. People believe that according to the principle of autonomy, they have moral rights to commit one’s money and time to activities that don’t have a direct impact in helping needy people ties (Greene 364). In this case, if I decided to buy a luxury phone, I would have fulfilled my personal interests instead of assisting people who are suffering because of hunger that is not morally correct. Pursuing personal interests such as intellectual activities is very ok as it leads to personal developments and also to the development of the society as these people contribute positively to nation building. But this does not have the meaning that people are morally permitted to pursue any interest especially while such interests have been shown to have no significance social benefits. It also does not mean that people are morally permitted not to contribute towards helping needy people (Singer 336). There exist a big difference between pursuing one’s interests and being free to waste one’s money and time on luxury things such as buying a smartphone while you already have a phone. Buying luxury items should not be counted as legitimate ways of pursuing one’s interests. According to the principle utilitarianism, a good action is one that produces the greatest benefits for the greatest number of people (Singer 339). So, deciding to provide subsistence income for four families from poor countries has the greatest benefits to many people than buying a luxury Galaxy S5 phone.

Second Objection

My second objection was that people should have the right to contribute whatever they want to charity, whether they choose not to contribute at all or contribute any amount they wish. My response to this objection was that it was wrong to contribute nothing to charity or whatever amount you wish. The money that people spend on luxuries should be contributed to the needy people because they need that money to survive (Greene 368). Donating your money towards helping the needy is not simply good but it is obligatory. The distinction between what is good and obligatory may exist, but this does not apply in the case where people spend money on luxuries instead of helping the poor. People should respect the moral principle of beneficence which states that one should help himself and also other people (Singer 346). This principle explains that one should be benevolence to others who are less fortunate by providing them with goods and money. So, there is no justification for buying luxuries instead of helping the needy.

Conclusion

My first argument that suffering and death are bad whether brought about by hunger, inadequate housing or poor medical care is justified. People have a moral obligation of helping the needy because it produces the greatest benefits for the greatest number of people. My second argument stating that if a person is in a position of preventing a morally bad thing without sacrificing something of almost equal moral importance, one should do it is also justified. People should understand that providing income for four families from poor families has a more moral importance than buying a luxury phone. In conclusion, it is of more moral significance providing a subsistence income for four families than purchasing a dream phone.

References

Greene, Joshua D. “The secret joke of Kant’s soul.” Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings (2007): 359-372.

Singer, Peter. “Ethics and intuitions.” The Journal of Ethics 9.3-4 (2005): 331-352.

Moral Theories

Student’s Name

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Question 1:

According to utilitarianism, an action is considered morally right if it brings the greatest pleasure to the greatest number of people. Based on the situation, killing the family will only result in pleasure to the Nazi captain, which means that the action will be morally wrong (Eggleston, 2020). Therefore, based on utilitarianism, the captain should deny transporting any Jews in his boat as this will satisfy the Nazi captain and leave the boat captain and the Jewish family alone. By doing this, the boat captain will have done the right thing according to utilitarianism as all parties will have to live, which is the greatest pleasure for the family and the captain. However, Kantian ethics states that do the right thing because it is the right thing to do, which means that the captain should say ‘yes’ as it is true he is smuggling some jews. The reason behind this is because if he denies smuggling any jews and the Nazi captain decides to search the board and kills the jews; the deaths would be his fault for not telling the truth. If I were in that situation, I would deny smuggling Jews in the boat to preserve the Jews’ lives (Korsgaard, 2020).

Question 2:

Tracy Latimer’s death was a relief to the family due to her condition. She was not going to have a normal life, and this means that she would have still be a burden to her family even later in her old age. According to Mrs. Latimer, she was relieved to find her daughter dead and stated that she did not have the courage to do it herself, which means that given a chance, she could have done it. Based on utilitarianism, Mr. Latimer’s actions were morally justified as his actions resulted in the greatest pleasure to the family and reduced suffering from Tracy (Eggleston, 2020). Based on this, I do agree with the judge’s sentence to a one-year sentence in that even if he murdered her daughter, it was considered second-degree murder, and since Tracy’s death was satisfactory to the family, it could have inflicted more pain than pleasure to the family. It was also the right thing for the judge to do. However, I don’t agree with the Supreme Court’s decision in that Tracy was a burden to the family, as she could never have a normal life. As a result, imposing the mandatory sentence that had previously been rejected by a judge resulted in more pain than pleasure, which is against the concept of utilitarianism.

References

Eggleston, B. (2020). Consequentialism and Respect: Two Strategies for Justifying Act Utilitarianism. Utilitas, 32(1), 1-18.

Korsgaard, C. (2020). Kant’s analysis of obligation: The argument of Groundwork I. In Immanuel Kant: Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals in focus (pp. 121-153). Routledge.

FINANCE

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DateIntroduction

Since the early experiments carried out by Rauscher, Shaw, and Ky (1993), a number of research studies have been done or replicated and pointed out that listening to Mozart improves human intelligence by improving the spatial-temporal reasoning. The previous research studies carried out explored the effect of exposure to Mozart piano sonata, with original laboratories indicating that the effect is of immediate results and that there is a possibility of the effect making an individual exposed to the sonata to have a prolonged memory boost. Nevertheless, there have been further studies, which have shown that there is no sufficient evidence to indicate that the individuals exposed to the Mozart piano sonata improved their spatial-temporal reasoning or intelligence.

Literature review

In a study carried out by Steele et al, (1999), they replicated the settings of the original experiments and set out to explore the effects of the exposure to Mozart piano sonata and establish whether the results would show that there is a statistical evidence indicating improvement in temporal reasoning or human intelligence for the individuals exposed. By replicating the exact laboratory settings of the original work carried by the early researchers, Steele intended to create the exact settings of the original work hence allow their results to be compared to the original findings of the early studies. Their findings indicated that the exposure to the Mozart piano sonata has no significant effect on the individual exposed to the Mozart and that the Mozart effect does not exist.

Nevertheless, this is not the only study that has been done in an attempt to establish the existence of the Mozart effect on the exposed individuals. The study was however set to establish of there is any existence of the Mozart effect at all. Even though their main findings indicated that there is no significant effect. Within the study, the researchers found that despite absence of any significant effect on the cognitive task performance of the exposed individual, there was evidence of improved mod scores (Steele et al 1999). Other studies have reported that exposure to the sonata has a significant effect. For instance, in a study carried out by Jenkins (2001) on the effect of the Mozart, the researcher set out to establish if there is a Mozart effect and 9if the effect was significant given as claimed by the initial researchers- Rauscher et al (1993).

Results and Discussion

An exploration of the data to determine the distribution characteristics of the data established that the data is not normally distributed for all the samples. The following table gives an overview of the results and shows that the samples of the Mozart, other music and the control groups are skewed thus not normally distributed with Mozart D (151) = 0.128; p = 0.000; other music D (133) = 0.155; p = 0.000 and the control group D (139) = 0.211; p = 0.000. These figures provide sufficient evidence that the difference between the distribution of the sample data and a normal distribution is statistically significant.

Tests of Normality

Condition Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.

presas mozart .147 151 .000 .784 151 .000

other music .116 133 .000 .789 133 .000

control .121 139 .000 .784 139 .000

difference mozart .128 151 .000 .949 151 .000

other music .155 133 .000 .950 133 .000

control .211 139 .000 .600 139 .000

The descriptive characteristics of the data provide a clear view of the salient characteristics of the data. The category of Mozart has a total number of 151 respondents with a mean of 55.258 and a median of 55.00 thus negatively skewed with a skewness of -3.002. For other music, the mean is 54.9699 with a median of 54.00 and skewness of -2.917. The control group has a mean of 55.0504, a median of 55.0000 and a skewness of -3.173. It is therefore evident that the sample is generally negatively skewed.

In order to attempt in establishing the truth of the claims made by previous experiments, which have showed that there is a positive relationship between listening to Mozart and improvement of intelligence, this study seeks to assess for any difference between the individual exposed to Mozart piano sonata and those exposed to other types of music. By conducting a multiple comparison through the Tukey HSD we are able to get the actual picture of differences between paired groups of the variables. From the results of the multiple comparisons, there is sufficient evidence to indicate that the difference between Mozart and the other two groups is not statistically significant.

The post-hoc results using the Tukey-HSD indicate that there is no significant difference between the group that was exposed to Mozart and that exposed to other music (Mean difference = -0.60792; p = 0.629). Similar results are observed for differences between the group exposed to Mozart sonata and the control group indicating no significant difference with mean difference = -0.73427 and p = 0.508. Even when the control group is paired with the other group exposed to other type of music the difference in the means is not statistically significant.

Multiple Comparisons

Tukey HSD

(I) condition (J) condition 95% Confidence Interval

Mean Diff. (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound

Mozart other music -.60792 .66258 .629 -2.1654 .9495

Control -.73427 .66159 .508 -2.2894 .8209

Other music Mozart .60792 .66258 .629 -.9495 2.1654

Control -.12635 .66451 .980 -1.6883 1.4356

Control Mozart .73427 .66159 .508 -.8209 2.2894

Other music .12635 .66451 .980 -1.4356 1.6883

These results have a hitting implication on the existing bodies of knowledge because the studies that have been carried out in the past have had conflicting results. Some results have showed that the Mozart effect is real and existent (e.g. Rauscher, Shaw & Ky 1993), while others have disapproved this notion (e.g. Jenkins 2001) while others have argued that the effect is partly existent (e.g. Steele et al 1999).

Due to these conflicting results, more studies need to be done and focus on understanding the effects of exposure to Mozart and other music. This is because, as observed by Steele et al (1999) in their experiment, exposure to Mozart sonata piano may generally not improve intelligence but may improve task performance. Nevertheless, based on the results of this particular experiment, there is no significant difference between individuals exposed to Mozart and those exposed to other types of music.

Reference:

Jenkins J., S. 2001. The Mozart effect J R Soc Med. April; 94(4): 170–172. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1281386/

Nantais K. M. & Schellenberg, E. G; 1999. The Mozart Effect: An Artifact of Preference Psychological Science vol. 10 no. 4 370-373

Steele, K, M., Bass K. E., & Crook D. M. 1999. The Mystery of the Mozart Effect: Failure to Replicate; Psychological Science http://www1.appstate.edu/dept/artsci/psych/facultystaff/facpages/facultyrefs/steele/Mozart_PS.pdf

Thompson,W., F., Schellenberg E. G. & Gabriela H. 2001. Arousal, Mood, and The Mozart Effect Psychological Science May vol. 12 no. 3 248-251

Case Study K

Betty, a 50-year-old woman, came to this country with her parents when she was 7 years old. The family members worked as migrant farm workers until they had enough money to open a restaurant. Betty married young. She and her husband worked in the family restaurant and eventually bought it from her parents. They raised seven children, all grown and living on their own. Betty and her husband live in a mobile home close to the restaurant. She does not work in the family restaurant anymore because she worries excessively about doing a poor job. Betty no longer goes out if she can help it. She stays at home worrying about how she looks, what people think or say, the weather or road conditions, and many other things that keep her from being social.

Betty does not sleep at night and keeps her husband awake while she roams the house. She often feels on edge or restless. She keeps her clothing and belongings in perfect order while claiming she is doing a poor job of it. She does not prepare large family dinners anymore, though she still cooks the daily meals; one daughter has taken over the family dinners. This daughter has become concerned about Betty being isolated at home and worrying excessively and calls the community mental health center for an appointment for Betty.

After some convincing Betty agrees to go to the community mental health center accompanied by her husband, her children and their spouses, several grandchildren, and a few cousins. When Betty’s name is called and she is told that the nurse is ready to see her, she frowns and says: “What will I say? I don’t know what to say. I think my slip is showing. My hem isn’t straight.” Betty is extremely well groomed and dressed in spite of concerns she has been voicing about her appearance. Betty also mentions that she wants her whole family to go in to see the therapist with her. Before the interview begins, Betty’s daughter was over heard saying that Betty “worries all the time” and although she has always been known to be a worrier, the worrying has become worse over the past six or eight months.

Although Betty wants her entire family to accompany her during the interview, she is told she cannot. This is difficult for Betty, as she repeatedly seeks reassurance from her family members. The husband shares with the therapist that Betty is constantly keeping him awake at night and often will bring up the same things that worry her on a daily basis. The therapist then interviews Betty alone. They notice that Betty casts her eyes downward, speaks in a soft voice, does not smile, and seems restless as she taps her foot on the floor, drums her fingers on the table, and seems on the verge of getting out of her chair. Betty shared that she is often tired and gets tired easily even though she spends most of her time at home, is not able to concentrate and has issues getting housework done around the house. She also shares that a recent worry for her is whether or not her husband loves her anymore and whether she and her husband have enough money, and that she does not have enough energy to attend to her clothing.

There is no convincing Betty that she looks all right. Any attempt to convince her that she need not worry about something in particular leads to a different worry before coming back to the earlier worry. After examining Betty the therapist is unsure of the explanation for her fatigue and difficulty sleeping and asks her if she is currently taking any medication that may be causing side effects. Betty produces her medicine bottles and says she is currently taking only vitamins and a hormone replacement. The therapist concludes that she may be experiencing side effects of fatigue due to her hormone replacement medication and asks her to make an appointment with her primary care provider.

A month later, during a phone call with Betty, the therapist learns, with some probing, that Betty is upset with her husband for loaning all their savings to the daughter and her husband to build a new home, while they continue to live in an older mobile home. Since learning this, Betty has not been able to sleep and has kept herself isolated in her and her husband’s bedroom and has not cooked or cleaned in over two weeks. Betty worries she is not getting better and asks the therapist about taking some herbal medicines containing kava and passaflora that her sister got from a healer; her sister wants to take her to see the healer and have her do a ritual to cure the “evil eye” that was placed on Betty and made her sick. Betty’s daughter can be heard strongly disagreeing with her aunt and the therapist’s assessment, telling Betty that she is not satisfied with her progress and will be contacting another therapist or doctor for a second opinion.

ADDITIONAL THOUGHT QUESTIONS

How common is the diagnosis? Is it common for clients with this disorder to have comorbidity, and should this client be assessed for any other condition?

A lot of people worry on a daily basis. Some people focus their worry on themselves, those that they love and care for or even events that are taking place in the world, but it doesn’t necessarily meet the criteria for a disorder. At what point does someone go from worrying to experiencing worry that is diagnosable?

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Adaptive Leadership

Adaptive leadership requires that leaders work with every member of their organization in the solving of definite and unavoidable problems. In this regard, the accomplishment of adaptive work is highly dependent on compulsory motivation and initiation of support from other members of the organization by leaders. In a broader perspective, leaders must motivate their followers into backing them up in finding solutions for problems in the organization.

In the organization I have chosen; the adaptive challenge experienced in the company is competition. There is very stiff competition in the industry especially from new entrants into the market. The major problem is that at least two other companies have just suddenly risen up and entered the market with new and seemingly better products as customers seem to be flocking towards them.

In this case, my opinion is that this organization needs to consult with every member and stakeholder on the way to regain its market status. Experts could be consulted as well. The questions that arise are: what is the other companies doing that they are not? Do they have better quality products? How can they get back their customers? The most likely issue here is that the quality of products offered by the new entrants could be higher and therefore more appealing to the customers. The prices could also be lower.

This organization should mobilize its employees to help produce better quality products and brainstorm on ways of making their products more attractive and cost effective.

There definitely needs to be a trade-off between efficiency and quality. This organization is focused on being efficient in producing large quantities of goods. The challenge they face now would require them to find a way to manage both as the scale of quality definitely needs to go up.

To sum up, the outcome is expected to be positive if nothing goes wrong. The leadership in the organization is relatively good and therefore this situation should not be so difficult for them to handle. Besides they have the advantage of having customer loyalty which has just been slightly shaken. It is my belief that, in no time, this organization will regain its status quo if it uses appropriate strategies.

Works cited

Heifetz, Ronald A, Alexander Grashow, and Martin Linsky. The Practice of Adaptive Leadership: Tools and Tactics for Changing Your Organization and the World. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business Press, 2009. Print.

Obolensky, Nick. Complex Adaptive Leadership: Embracing Paradox and Uncertainty. Farnham, England: Gower, 2010. Print.

Case Study of Coaching on Human Resource Management

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Date

Case Study of Coaching on Human Resource Management

Introduction

As a Human resource manager, I have thought of hiring a coach to enhance the developmental; activities within the executives, mitigating the challenges the managers experience in the delivery of duties. As such, it is necessary to identify and allocate the champion to solve the situation of division within the organization. There exist human resource units consisting of the internal staff within the organization. One is characterized by fifteen years’ experience but has practical coaching on an imitational basis. Another staff member has one year of experience within the company but uses the historical experiences used in conducting the coaching of another organization. Notably, there is Jane, an executive assistant that needs coaching. The staff reported that she talks down to them, cannot conduct resolution of conflicts, and ignores the problems brought to her. However, there is a need to help the situation by providing a coaching mechanism because Jane is an asset to the company’s prosperity. Therefore, the paper discusses the types of research I will conduct as a human resource manager to determine the methods of approaching Jane, the ways of approaching Jane for coaching, the methods of introducing the coaching idea to Jane, and the use of external coaching. Also, the paper examines the criteria I can use if the coaching was unsuccessful and the use of Jane as a champion within the organization.

The Type of Research I will Conduct to Determine how to Approach Jane to be Coached

Determining the method of coaching Jane requires comprehensive research to enhance the profitability of coaching. As such, I would conduct numerous types of research to create systematic criteria for enhancing the quality of coaching. The immediate research I would use is the assessment of the competencies of the existing workforce. The assessment of the competencies enhances the observation of the skill mindset of the employees (Wilson, 2014). Also, it acts as a baseline for determining the acceptable behaviors and the competencies that an individual must have within the organization. I identified that the mid-level workers’ skills are lacking in the company. Their competencies are also limited; hence, they need to act swiftly to change the situation (Raza et al., 2018, p.29). Therefore, Jane is characterized by lacking interpersonal skills and disrespecting other workers and subordinates within the organization. The disrespectful behavior makes many workers upset, making them create formal complaints through letter writing against Jane’s behavior. However, Janes’ skills make her an asset to the company and hence need coaching to mould her behavior, thereby becoming an effective leader.

Also, leadership and executive coaching are required to make them influential leaders. Employees will continue to exhibit their effectiveness in the working relationship and interpersonal behaviors. The executive and leadership coaching is provided by certified and trained coaches who observe, asses, listen and personalize the practical approach to individual workers for the leadership development needs. Identifying the necessary competencies characterizes the company management we have identified. The competencies include compassion, listening, organization, team leadership, honesty, loyalty, and fostering integrity (Wilson, 2014, p.2). Notably, executive coaching provides a structured, safe and trustworthy environment to support an individual through one–on–one meetings (Johnson, 2015, p.10). One-on-one meetings with the senior managers within the organization, like the vice president, president and team leaders, enable the leaders to understand the current competencies and their perception by others. It also enhances the identification and clarification of the current goals and the appropriate actions and steps for reaching the specific goals.

Approaching Jane to be Coached After Conducting the Research

I will approach Jane in a quiet office with another human resource management officer by telling her about the workplace concerns that arose in the office. Notably, the managers evaluate the individual worker performance by creating criteria for identifying the weaknesses and the strengths using the feedback generation mechanism (Wilson, 2014, p.2). Also, the employees can ask questions and share feedback with the management. As such, it is our responsibility to bring forth the idea of calling a coach to sensitize the employees on the goals the company needs in the workplace. Furthermore, we must emphasize the negative outcome that defines if we never progress; the case of termination may occur because of a violation of the terms of employment and the codes of conduct.

The Pros and Cons (benefits or detractors) of Having Jane Coached

Having Jane coaches get characterized by many pros. However, there also exist cons which characterize the coaching. Coaching in the company in the leadership setting remains invaluable and hence helps develop an individual across several needs. As such, the benefits of coaching outnumber the detractors of coaching. The reports depict that 80% of people who get coaching increases their confidence75% in work performance, effective communication and relationship (Raza et al., 2018, p.34). Also, 90% of the companies report that they have invested in coaching to improve product quality and quantity. Therefore, coaching provides a mechanism for the personal development of an employee. Employees continue to learn new communication strategies hence improving their confidence. However, the cons of coaching get based on the rare production of sustained confidence because of the induction of the isolation mechanism (Wilson, 2014, p.1). The cost of coaching may not be economical for an individual or the organization to sustain because the coach, who is a professional, needs payment to conduct the duties. Coaching is also consuming time since it involves investment in the employee who takes time to cope with the organization’s standard duties.

Introduction of the Coaching Idea to Jane

I would introduce the idea of coaching to Jane by sensitizing him on the importance of coaching and highlighting the importance of social interaction between an employee and the external coach. Before the actual coaching, I would build a mutual relationship and trust with Jane. The possibility of conducting coaching using an external source requires trust, confidence and the open-mindedness of the one being coached (CIPD, 2008, p.1). Also, I would create an open meeting with Jane to highlight the areas of weaknesses that characterize the work openly with respect. The opening meeting clarifies in a non-evaluator and non-accusatory manner by providing the specific issue and why the coaching meeting was arranged by the management of the company (Johnson, 2015, p.10). Reinstating the coaching on a non-judgmental and friendly mechanism creates an open environment for the appointment of the schedule. Consequently, I would get an agreement with Jane through the verbal mechanism. Avoiding and overlooking the performance due to assumption on the employee undertaking of the significance remains a mistake of the manager and other departmental leaders within the organization. As a result, I must be able to address the issue and its nature by making Jane recognize the consequences of not changing her mind. Doing so requires the specification of the behavior and clarification of the consequences (Raza et al., 2018, p.32). The behaviour specification involves citing examples of the performance issue, clarifying the performance expectations and asking Jane about the issue agreement. Notably, I would identify the consequences of not complying with the issues to jane by probing for getting Jane about the articulation of her understanding associated with the performance issues and asking for the issue agreement. Most importantly, I would explore the alternatives by determining the ways of improving the issues or corrected through encouraging Jane to identify the alternative solutions. Pushing for a specific alternative also needs explanation and not generalization through maximization of the number of choices those employees consider by discussing the advantages and the disadvantages.

I would also introduce the coaching to Jane by explaining the need for the commitment to act. Commitment to act makes Jane the ability to choose the alternative. I will use the verbal commitment from Jane regarding the possible actions to be taken and the generation of the supportive actions of the choice of Jane and praising of the offers. The introduction of coaching also requires the ability of an individual to handle the excuses. As such, I will handle excuses appropriately through the notion of the taken points like the blame games, accusations and encouragement for the behavior examination (Serrat, 2017, p.3). Moreover, I would respond empathetically by supporting Jane’s situation through communication and understanding her feelings about the comment.

The Use of an External or Internal Coach When Jane Accept Coaching

It is productive to hire an external coach for the case of Jane upon accepting coaching because the internal coach is an individual working within the company, like the direct manager. As such, an external coach remains a professionally certified individual hired by the company and outsourced from the external environment. Because Jane is an executive member, it is better to make her comfortable and have better feelings by hiring an individual the extensive coaching experience and training than the managers. The individual should also have spent time coaching others (Serrat, 2017, p.3). Notably, Jane will be able to discuss emerging and secret issues with the external coach that may be hidden from the internal staff members. The external coach is not affected by the company’s politics; hence Jane will become more open to discussing every critical issue that affects her work delivery. Also, Jane will be more adapted to provide sensitive feedback because the coach will apply the principles of maintaining confidentiality and objectivity.

Use of Jane as a Champion of Spearheading Coaching Culture After Success of Coaching

In the situation where coaching is successful in the condition of Jane, I would use Jane as a champion for the caching culture because Jane is an ideal employee in a company and hence can easily crate work motivation and the ability of the employees to follow suit. Also, Jane’s dedication and feedback about the company enable the company to change its management policies. Her lashing out at employees was because of overworking and the need to do more tasks which is above her handling ability (Raza et al., 2018, p.40). The situation of Jane continues to depict the depression which characterized her move after the divorce. Sometimes, the employees could have gossiped about her divorce issues, making her create negative remarks due to pressure, stress and depression. As such, the company has edited the codes of conduct for hiring social workers for the attainment of the mental well-being of the employees. Even though the investment might become expensive for the company, the company has also learnt the criteria for handling the stressors within the working environment (Serrat, 2017, p.3). However, the expense of the coaching seems to be non-economical, but the management had highlighted negative things within the organization that the managers would not have known when the internal coach was applied. As such, there is a need to ensure that all the employees work in an environment that will promote positive changes. The environment should also have the opportunities to exploit and report company challenges. The management should also use rewards to motivate the employees’ hard work, creating a creative and innovative environment for the mutual benefit of the managers and employees.

The Alternative Means to Help Jane be Successful in the Organization Apart from Coaching

The alternative approach to helping Jane succeed in the organization is to foster internal communication within the company. Internal communication involves the use of official communication like guidelines, memos, procedures and policies, and unofficial communication w2hic h is generated by the manager between the staff involving the exchange of ideas. Notably, communication within the organization will provide the needed information at a particular moment and time. It also lets all employees know anything that concerns them (Serrat, 2017, p. 3). Other importance of communication within the company for the mitigation of the challenges is the suggestion of new ideas, understanding of the overall situation of the organization, and the maintenance of the shared vision. The communication should not be one-sided hence creating the emphasis on the audience.

Moreover, communication improves effectiveness and allows the entire organization to respond quickly to changing emergencies. Effective communication has also triggered problem-solving by creating openness within the company (CIPD, 2008, p.1). The methodology of enhancing communication within the company involves making all the employees, including Jane o practice the criteria of delivering the messages. Also, Jane and her colleagues should practice treating everyone similarly regardless of the position and the job within the organization.

Conclusion

Overall, Jane was experiencing issues which required urgent attention for the effective operation of all the departments. She was assigned a role in the organization. Several internal and external issues characterized the challenges. The internal issues include the workmate’s move to blackmail her divorce situation, while the external forces are the work pressure and lack of adequate technical know-how to complete the job. As such, coaching was the only asset the company could employ to enable Jane to conduct her daily task. Therefore, I would advise the company to encourage changes and avoid overcoming obstacles.

References

CIPD. (2008). Coaching and Buying Coaching Services. Retrieved from: https://www.portfolio-info.co.uk/files/file/CIPD%20coaching_buying_services.pdfJohnson, M. (2015). Engaging a multigenerational and multicultural workforce: One style does not suit all. Plans & trusts, 33(5), 10-15. Retrieved from EBSCO Multi-search database.

Raza, B., Ali, M., Ahmed, S., & Ahmad, J. (2018). The mediation and moderation model impacts managerial coaching on organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, pp. 7, 27–46. https://ijol.cikd.ca/article_60360_b5930dae0306fc69e33c7e9a5bbe1256.pdfSerrat O. (2017). Coaching and Mentoring. In: Knowledge Solutions. Springer, Singapore. Retrieved from: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-0983-9_101Wilson, C. (2014). Performance coaching: A complete guide to best practice coaching and training (2). London: Kogan Page.

Acute Care Across the Lifespan | NUR2203 Assignment 1 | Marking Rubric

CRITERIA Introduction

Conclusion Highly relevant comprehensive introduction

Defines topic and includes a comprehensive introduction to the essay

Excellent synthesis of information from assignment that clearly ties highly relevant main points together.

Well-structured, concise reflection on importance of findings. Well-developed introduction

Defines the topic and includes an introduction to the essay

Quality synthesis of information from assignment that clearly ties relevant main points together.

Well-structured, concise reflection on importance of findings. Effective attempt of writing introduction that outlines essay

Above average synthesis of information from assignment clearly ties main points together.

Concise reflection demonstrates importance of findings. An attempt made to provide an introduction, however appeared unclear.

The topic is simply defined.

Demonstration of synthesis from assignment evident with some points from assignment discussed.

Importance of findings indicated. Inadequate and/or poor introduction.

Minimal/no evidence of an overview of the essay.

Inappropriate or absent conclusion.

Conclusion includes new material.

Referenced material in conclusion.

MARKS (15) 4.25-5 3-4 2.5 2 0-1

Critical Skills: Prioritising of major concepts of care Excellent reasoning in prioritising of concepts arising from the case study

Prioritised plan of care is highly synthesised and well-structured, with a very clear and coherent synthesis of the clinical data and supported with multiple literature sources

Excellently justifies judgments and reasons for decisions / courses of action (e.g. related to pt. cues, goals / expected outcomes / evidence)

Very logical / clear / succinct progression of concepts / ideas demonstrated / presents as a unified whole

Excellent analysis, well prioritised care detailed and succinctly communicated

Good reasoning in prioritising concepts arising from the case study with one omission

Prioritised plan of care is well synthesised and structured, with a clear and coherent synthesis of the clinical data and supported with multiple literature sources

Clearly justifies judgments and reasons for decisions / courses of action (e.g. related to pt. cues, goals / expected outcomes / evidence)

Good logical / clear / succinct progression of concepts / ideas demonstrated / presents as a unified whole

Good analysis, well prioritised care detailed and succinctly communicated

Reasoning in prioritising concepts arising from the case study has been partially addressed with some major omissions

Prioritised plan of care is synthesised and structured, with some demonstration of synthesis of the clinical data and supported with some literature sources

Justifies judgments and reasons for decisions / courses of action (e.g. related to pt. cues, goals / expected outcomes / evidence) satisfactorily

Some logical progression of concepts / ideas however further development / clarity needed.

Analysis of the case evident with some prioritised care demonstrated and at times well communicated

Reasoning in prioritising concepts arising from the case study has been attempted, but has omitted more relevant priorities

Prioritised plan of care is provided but with minimal synthesis of the clinical data and an unclear structure with minimal reference to literature sources

Judgments and reasons for decisions / courses of action (e.g. related to pt. cues, goals / expected outcomes / evidence) are inadequately justified

Limited logical progression of concepts / ideas however further development / clarity needed.

Minimal analysis of the case evident. Care is not well prioritised, or clearly communicated

Clinical reasoning and synthesis of concepts arising from the case study is minimal or absent

Prioritised plan of care is not synthesised or structured coherently. There is limited or no reference to literature sources

No judgment and reasons for decisions / courses of action (e.g. related to pt. cues, goals / expected outcomes / evidence) demonstrated

No / lack of logical progression of concepts underpinning case study.

No analysis evident e.g. lack of priority development in actions/ interventions / approach to dealing with deterioration

MARKS (15) 13.25-15 10.5-13 7.5-10 4-7 0-3.5

Content analysis:

Knowledge and understanding, nursing interventions /rationales Evaluation of the case demonstrates depth of understanding of pathophysiology and prioritisation of nursing interventions that could be actioned in practice

Excellent breadth and depth of actions / clear / succinct in approach, priorities well define

Highly articulate rationales succinctly related to the nursing interventions and nursing actions very well detailed

The relationship between comorbidities and recovery from a GA/ surgical procedure are critically discussed demonstrating excellent understanding with rationales fully explained.

Excellent sources used to support actions / interventions quality (evidenced based) & demonstrate depth and breadth of reading. Quality research sources – contextual to the case study

Discharge planning very clear / succinct, detailed Evaluation of the case demonstrates understanding of the pathophysiology and some prioritisation of nursing interventions that could be actioned in practice

Good breadth of nursing actions: including assessment / monitoring / interventions included, evidence of prioritisation of actions appropriate to the case study

Good rationale included / relates to the intervention / action chosen and well detailed

The relationship between comorbidities and recovery from a GA / surgical procedure are well explored and logically presented with rationales that are satisfactorily explained.

Very good sources used to demonstrate depth of understanding e.g. some use of evidenced based papers mostly contextual to the case scenario

Discharge planning clear and succinct Evaluation of the case is sometimes clear and there is some understanding of pathophysiology with some interventions that could be actioned in practice

Clear nursing actions: including assessment / monitoring / interventions included some prioritisation of actions mostly appropriate to the case study

Rationales for the nursing interventions and the implications for practice are outlined however further rationales could be provided

The relationship between comorbidities and recovery from a GA/surgical procedure are explored with some depth and sometimes well explained

Fair breadth of sources used demonstrate understanding e.g. some use of evidenced based research with some contextual to the case scenario

Discharge planning included however broad and requires more detail

Evaluation provides a narrative to the reader outlining minimal understanding of pathophysiology and or formulation of relevant nursing interventions that could be actioned in practice.

Some nursing actions including: assessment / ongoing monitoring / interventions included however priorities are not well defined

Rationales included however explanation not clear or not focused / specific enough to the action/ intervention

The relationship between comorbidities and recovery from a GA/surgical procedure are minimally explored and some confusion evident.

Minimal breadth of sources utilised / lacks depth e.g. mainly text / with minimal use of evidenced based journal articles

Satisfactory discharge planning, could be more specific at times

Evaluation of the case is not clear and concise to the reader with no or limited suggested nursing interventions that could be actioned in practice

Nursing actions including: assessment /monitoring / interventions minimal / not evident / inadequately prioritised

Rationales are limited, vague or absent

The relationship between comorbidities and recovery from a GA / surgical procedure is not dealt with and / or are confused and not clear.

No / inadequate / limited literature sources used to support work presented e.g. over 7 years old and lack of evidenced based research e.g. uses mainly texts

No / minimal discharge planning included, vague / too broad

MARKS (5) 13.25-15 10.5-13 7.5-10 4-7 0-3.5

Academic Writing: structure, APA referencing expression /grammar Word limit: Adhered to word limit

Expression

High standard of academic presentation. Expressed ideas clearly, concisely & fluently

Very few/no spelling or grammatical errors

Structure

Well-constructed paragraphs

Main points linked to the question

Presentation is extremely appealing and engaging

Referencing

Correctly cited sources both within text & reference list. No/limited mistakes in referencing format Word limit: Adhered to word limit +/- 10% Expression

Sound academic structure and presentation

Expressed ideas clearly and concisely, thoughts expressed clearly

Very few spelling or grammatical errors

Structure

Well-constructed paragraphs, clearly expressed & linked main points

Presentation is appealing and engaging

Referencing

References to literature are good Word limit: Adhered to word limit +/- 10% Expression

Expressed ideas clearly, however not concisely & fluently, thoughts not clearly articulated

Some spelling and grammatical errors

Structure

Provided paragraphs with main points however not clearly expressed

Presentation is pleasing and mostly engaging

Referencing

References to literature are satisfactory Word limit: Adhered to word limit (+/-10%

Expression

Limited clarity of expression, vague or narrative only

Errors in spelling & grammar

Structure

Provided paragraphs but either main points were inappropriate or they were not linked key content areas.

Presentation is somewhat pleasing and engaging

Referencing

Reference to literature is present but not strong Word limit: Not adhered to

Expression

Used incorrect terminology

Numerous mistakes in spelling and/or grammar

Structure

No or limited structure

Presentation does not answer the question and is not engaging

Referencing

Literature not appropriate or insufficient

Incorrect referencing

4.25-5 3-4 2.5 2 0-1

Marker Comments:

FINAL MARK:

/40

Adapted Sports and Promoting Diversity in Sports

Student’s Name

Institution

Date

Adapted Sports and the Issue of Promoting Diversity in Sports

Introduction

Adaptive sports which are also referred to as disability or Para sports are the sports which are played by individuals with disability comprising of physical as well as intellectual disabilities. This kind of sports is occasionally termed as adapted sports since several of these disabled sports are centered on prevalent able-bodied sports which are altered to meet the necessities of the individuals living with a disability. The adaptive sports are considered to be significant since they help the disadvantaged persons to do regular exercises which is vital for their bodies as it helps in strengthening their hearts, building strong muscles and increase coordination. In the United States, it is estimated that 56.7 million individuals, which is about nineteen to twenty percent of the total population are living with a disability (Winnick & Porretta, 2016). There exists several adaptive sports as well as recreation programs for individuals with disabilities which can be enjoyed for wellness, health, leisure, social and competition advantages. The organized games for the athletes living with a disability is usually categorized into three great disability groups. Consequently, each of these groups has an excellent history, structure, as well as an approach to the sport.

The number of individuals around the world with a disability who are principally involved in sports plus physical recreation is progressively up surging with organized sports for the athletes being classified into three major disability groups. The groups include the following; games for the deaf, games for individuals with a physical disability and lastly the games for the persons with intellectual disability. It is from the late 1980s that organizations started to include athletes who had some disabilities in sporting occasions, for example, the Commonwealth Games and the Olympic Games (Thomas & Smith, 2008). Also, many of these adaptive sports are performed separately from the regular sports movements for instance; swimming, wheelchair dancing, wheelchair basketball, weightlifting among several other sporting activities which the mentally or physically disabled individuals can join. This paper discusses the adapted sport in an in-depth extent presenting its forms and its nature in general. Moreover, the issue of diversity and inclusion in games is also addressed and analyzed.

The Major Disability Sporting Events

Disabled Veterans

This is an organization which was founded by the United States Congress for the incapacitated military veterans of the United States Armed Forces. Its program are devoted to inspiring, reassuring as well as sustaining involvement and competition for its members through partnerships with VA hospitals plus the local adaptive sports programs throughout the country.in every year, this Departments typically hosts six national sporting occasions for the qualified disabled veterans (Tuakli-Wosornu & Derman, 2018). This organization is significant since it helps a lot the members in their physical health and their daily activities. Studies have shown that the adaptive sports exhibits several benefits comprising of less stress, fewer subordinate medical disorders, and more independence.

Disability Commonwealth Games

In 2002 in Manchester, several Para sports were encompassed in a wholly inclusive Sports Program as it is regarded as the first time to happen in the Games history. In the event a total number of twenty countries were represented by both female and male select athletes with a disability where they were supposed to contest in ten events through five Para-Sports; which comprised of Lawn Bowls, Table Tennis, weightlifting, athletics besides swimming.

Paralympic Games

This is a multi-sport occasion for the contestants with mental, physical and sensorial infirmities. These infirmities include amputees, mobility disabilities, visual infirmities and those individuals with brainy palsy. These games are conducted after every four years and they occur after the International Olympic Games.

Promoting Diversity in Sports

Sport’s participation is among the excellent ways of looking after one’s health. Through this practice, the jeopardy of cardiovascular problems as well as mental health problems is reduced and thus ones general life expectancy is enlarged and besides it involves a lot of fun. Being eliminated from participating in a various game for example due to one’s race, belief, gender, culture, sexual orientation, age, and even infirmity can be utterly disheartening and can lead to lowering of an individual’s self-esteem (Lastuka & Cottingham 2016, p.746) Prejudice and disparities in games can, therefore, reduce opportunities and result in limiting diversity in sport and the society as a whole.

Diversity in sport is significant since it helps in recognizing and respecting one another in society. Moreover, it brings togetherness and understanding of each other customs and beliefs. When the individuals are focused on winning, there will be no room for prejudice because all the individuals involved will have to anticipate the conduct of teammates virtuously on the heart of their capabilities. The issue of promoting diversity in sports starts right from the school where the schools should have some methods of making an effort of ensuring that every student is getting a fair and equal chance in the school’s game activities. Consequently, the sports club and gyms in schools should make an endless effort of identifying plus confronting prospective barriers to happen in the school (Perret 2017, p.168) This includes tackling and discouraging some biased comments, changing the dress and sports code so that the hijab-wearing women will be able to participate in sports, incorporating some unique games instruments and fields for the disabled. Moreover it substantial to train coaches to be able to work with the disabled for instance like communicating with the deaf.

Inclusion in Sports for the Disability

In the past number of decades, UNESCO has targeted to achieve extensively the execution of the regulatory standard of integration at all the stages in the education sector globally. This idea that the nations must guarantee a comprehensive education system at all the available stages is as well the main goalmouth of the United Nation Convention on the Rights of Persons living with Infirmities. Therefore this calls for inclusivity of the disabled individuals in many activities not only in schools but also in sports. The distinct aptitude of sports to surpass linguistic, social as well as cultural obstacles thus makes it an exemplary platform for policies besides adaptation. Additionally, the universal approval and popularity of the sport and its social, physical plus economic improvement advantages brands it as a perfect tool for fostering the inclusion and welfare of individuals with disabilities.

Individuals with a disability are usually faced with societal barriers, and hence their disability typically evokes undesirable discernments in numerous societies. Due to the stigma which is characterized with a disability, these individuals are generally excluded from several sensitive sectors in the society for example in employment, leadership, education and community life which usually denies them of opportunities which are indispensable for their social growth, health plus their welfares (DePauw & Gavron, 2005). Consequently, these individuals are regarded as dependent and hence are seen as incompetent in some societies. This leads to fostering their indolence which regularly causes these individuals with physical disabilities to undergo through some restricted mobility which is yonder the origin of their disability.

However, sports can help in lessening this discrimination plus stigma which is allied with a disability since it can change community outlooks regarding the individuals with a disability. This can be attained by stressing their skills besides decreasing the propensity to see the infirmity rather than the individual. Therefore through sports, for example, a person without a disability can interrelate with an individual with a disability in a constructive context making them reshape the assumptions concerning what a person with a disability can plus cannot do. Sports transforms an individual with a disability in an equally profound manner by empowering them towards realizing their full latent as well as encouraging for modifications in the society. Sports teaches how to communicate effectively and also the importance of teamwork, respect as well as cooperation for others.

Also, sports are well-suited to help in decreasing dependence plus developing greater independence by assisting individuals with disabilities to become mentally and physically stronger. Sports acts as a transformative tool, and it is important especially for women with disabilities as they usually feel and experience discrimination by their disability as well as their gender. Studies suggest that 93% of women with disabilities are not taking part or being involved in sport especially the adapted sport and that only one-third of women athletes with disabilities in international competitions (Zabriskie et al., 2005) Therefore by providing the women with disabilities a platform and chance to compete and showcase their physical ability, sport can help decrease the gender stereotypes as well as the negative insights linked with women with infirmities.

In conclusion, as described in the above discussion adapted sports are generally for disabled individuals, and they are of great significance since they make them improve their health through exercise. Moreover, they help the individuals discover their capabilities and help them to interrelate well with other people. The issue of diversity is also discussed whereby diversity should be encouraged in sports at general as promoting diversity leads to the inclusion of all groups of individuals in sports without discrimination or bias.

References

DePauw, K. P., & Gavron, S. J. (2005). Disability sport. Human Kinetics.

Lastuka, A., & Cottingham, M. (2016). The effect of adaptive sports on employment among people with disabilities. Disability and rehabilitation, 38(8), 742-748.

Misener, L., & Darcy, S. (2014). Managing disability sport: From athletes with disabilities to inclusive organisational perspectives.

Perret, C. (2017). Elite-adapted wheelchair sports performance: a systematic review. Disability and rehabilitation, 39(2), 164-172.

Thomas, N., & Smith, A. (2008). Disability, sport and society: An introduction. Routledge.

Tuakli-Wosornu, Y. A., & Derman, W. (2018). Para and Adapted Sports Medicine, An Issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America (Vol. 29, No. 2). Elsevier Health Sciences.

Winnick, J., & Porretta, D. (Eds.). (2016). Adapted Physical Education and Sport, 6E. Human Kinetics.

Zabriskie, R. B., Lundberg, N. R., & Groff, D. G. (2005). Quality of life and identity: The benefits of a community-based therapeutic recreation and adaptive sports program. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 39(3), 176.

Name

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Tutor

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Farmageddon

Farmageddon is an intriguing movie that portrays the U.S. government as an agent that constantly attacks innocent consumers and farmers with the ill motive of safeguarding selfish corporate interests. The also portrays the irony that purchasing unhealthy commodities, such as cigarettes, is much easier than obtaining essential food stuffs, such as raw milk. Consumer interests and small agribusinesses face a great threat from government agencies that seeks to wipe out active cultivation and consumption of processed commodities from small holder farmers.

In consumer sovereignty, the choice and preference of commodities lie with the customer. This means that the consumer is the ultimate body in charge of the market and hence economy. To a larger extent, the consumer can change the current market conditions since he decides what products to buy and at what cost depending on demand. Farmers, entrepreneurs, and capitalists play a vital role in market dynamics though they activities are regulated by consumers who decide make a purchasing decision. But in a move to protect themselves from consumer exploitation, enterprises collaborate with each other to have a common bargaining power, determine prices, or what to sell. This leaves consumers with little choice other than comply since they need the products. Therefore, consumers can hardly change the market. In a monopolistic economy that involves the provision of basic services, such as public schools, water, infrastructure, and others, consumers hardly have control on the market and dependency theory posits that developing economies are highly dependent on developed states for their economic progress. According to the theory, goods flow from poor underdeveloped nations to the wealthy nations, making the latter wealthier and the former poorer. For this reason, the poor nations do not have sovereignty over the goods they produce since they fear economic sanctioning by their richer trading partners, hence no consumer sovereignty in poor countries. Richer states perpetuate dependence by various strategies, such as politics, education, sporting, infrastructure development and others, to exercise absolute sovereignty over poor countries.

Distributive justice is concerned with fairness in associated with distribution of resources and outcome decisions. The small farmers in the film hold the need distributive theory. This is because they require assistance from the government made stakeholders in provision of inputs, resources, and market for their goods. These farmers should receive more attention than established agribusinesses to help improve their economic viability and alleviate their status. In contrast, the government uses the power distributive theory in which it recognizes highly established agribusinesses, giving them more attention than the smaller farmers.

Corporates have the responsibility of ensuring that the products they produce serve the specific needs of their clients. In addition, they should ensure that these production uses safe materials, conserve the environment. Other corporate responsibilities include job creation and involvement in socio-economic developmental activities. Corporates should involve in provision of resources, personnel, or funding for social causes that are worthwhile to spur societal progress and development. Besides, corporates should not exploit consumers by inconsistently altering prices to their advantage or production of substandard products. Consumer’s responsibilities include being aware of product quality before buying, and speaking out in case a product is not conforming to the required standard, or overpriced unnecessarily. Additionally, consumers should be ethical in their practices to ensure fair buying and selling practice, thus avoid exploitation of other consumers. They should also be responsible for their environment by properly disposing waste and protection of natural environments. Other responsibilities include speaking out in case of exploitation and gathering all information regarding a product.