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Case study: Australia’s 2day radio station prank call

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What is the radio station going to do?

Due to the mounting pressure by individuals and organizations to close down the stations and fire the presenters, the station has decided that the djs will not air the show until further notice. The company decided to suspend all its advertisements until investigations about the tragedy are carried out (The Age. com.au, 2012). Rhys Holleran, Southern Cross Austereo CEO emphasized that their priority was to support the family and not judge whether the company should lose its broadcasting license or not (The Age. com.au, 2012).

What do you think they should do?

It is best that the company puts the two presenters out of limelight until things cool down. The presenters themselves should apologize to the public and the deceased person’s family. The presenters are definitely shocked by the experience and should be supported by the station and not criticized. However, the company should not try to portray the innocence of the presenters and itself before the heat reduces and conclusive investigations are conducted. The station should understand the reason why advertisers chose to suspend their commercials.

This event has become what we call, & quote; A Media Circus

Since the controversy, Many media houses in Australia and oversees have aired the story. Some include, Daily Mail, London Evening Standard, The Times, The Guardian, Daily Star, The Daily Telegraph and The Independent (The Age. com.au, 2012). Social networking sites like twitter and Facebook have been used to conduct opinion polls on the issue and seek public opinion over the matter.

If the radio station management does not take certain steps to make the situation better, the radio station might go out of business – what happened? What should they do now?

Advertisers who have suspended their commercials may retrieve them completely due to fear. There is need for the station to win back the trust of these advertisers lest the company stands to loses them. The station should also thrive to maintain its fun base intact by not justifying themselves. The station should also agree to any consequences bestowed upon them. A nice recovery effort would be to train its employee on ethics.

Are there media theories that apply (or should be applied) here? What mistakes were made?

The station broadcasted a private phone conversation without the participant’s acquaintance which is illegal according to ACMA Code of Conduct for Talkback and Interviews (Commercial Radio Australia Limited, 2011). The station abused person’s right to privacy by broadcasting Kate Middleton’s hospital detail on air. The nurse also violated the professional code of conduct by releasing private information of a patient’s condition though without consent this was a breach of professional ethics (Australian Nursing & Midwifery Council, 2008).

How people were hurt and then and what you think the Radio station SHOULD do in order to minimize the damage?

Kate Middleton was hurt by the exposure of her hospital detail to the public. Jacintha was hurt on realizing she had publicly denounced ethics. The family was hurt after the nurse committed suicide. The two djs who made the prank as well as the station were hurt and face the risk of being fired or losing the broadcasting license. The criticizers of the hoax call are also people hurt by the incidence. The hospital where the nurse worked suffered the loss of a qualified nurse. The radio station should support the victim’s family and publicly apologize.

Reference

The Age. com.au (2012) Global reaction after nurse who took prank call from Australian DJs found dead. Retrieved January 15th, 2013 from file:///C:/Users/Kirugi/Downloads/Prank%20call%20nurse%20found%20dead%20_%20Duchess%20of%20Cambridge%20Pregnancy.htmlAustralian Nursing & Midwifery Council (2008) code of professional conduct for nurses in Australia. Retrieved January 15th, 2013 from http://www.amsantmanual.com/proforma/hr/Code%20of%20Ethics%20for%20Nurses%202008.pdfCommercial Radio Australia Limited (2011) Codes of Practice & Guidelines. Retrieved January 15th, 2013 from http://www.acma.gov.au/webwr/aba/contentreg/codes/radio/documents/commercial_radio-codes_and_guidelines_5sept2011.pdf

ACURA Strategy Development

ACURA is an acronym that represents variant customer-related strategies including acquisition, cross selling, up selling, retention, and advocacy (Biswas, 2014). It is an important strategy in ensuring that both consumers and firms are able to find value through approaches within each of the five strategies in ACURA. It allows firms to design a variation of related approaches including promotional deals, offers on products, bundling, attractive alternatives, and many other strategies to not only acquire but also retain consumers and win them back in case of loss.

Cross-selling and Up-selling Strategy

For the low budget young customer segment, Raiz Invest Limited should cross selling will be among the most effective means to increase revenue. For instance, Raiz could provide bundled products in an attractive package for example enabling mobile payments on its digital lending and credit platform. It could also provide insurance on mobile loans as a way to increase revenue for a market segment that is focused on the product and its benefits while remaining consciously sensitive of price. In light of this, the most applicable cross-selling strategy that Raiz can use on the low budget young consumers is promoting products that other people bought, including any available offers and related items for the same.

Ghoshal, Mookerjee, and Sarkar (2021) advocate for recommending related items in a cross-selling strategy as one of the most effective ways to get price sensitive consumers to purchase. Similarly, offering discounts on bundled products is noted by Jayalath and Premaratne (2021) to rapidly increase sales for young consumers. Other strategies that apply to Raiz’s cross-selling strategy would include promoting products that are essential to another product’s performance. For example, if a customer takes a mobile loan, Raiz could offer an insurance package against delayed payments as a way of adding value to the original product. In this way, revenue is generated and the customer sees value in both products. Therefore, a cross-selling strategy is recommended for the low budget young segment of Raiz’s market. Bundling, recommending products, recommending related products, offering discounts on products and bundles, and promoting products essential to another product’s performance are the most effective approaches.

Retention Strategy

Retention is defined by Mahmoud, Hinson, and Adika (2018) as the ability to get an acquired customer to buy a product again. For example, when a customer renews their insurance package every year with the same agency for five years. To increase customer loyalty among existing low budget young customers, Raiz will need to employ excellent customer service on its platforms, offer bundled discounts and surprise gifts, and have a personal relationship strategy. Other strategies proposed by Gomber et al. (2018) include fast support, personalized interactions, meeting customers where they are, incentivizing loyalty. And gathering feedback on a regular basis. The idea is to boost loyalty through creating buyer relationships.

Raiz will also need a win-back strategies for lost customers. It will encompass a “we fixed the issue” campaign that addresses the reason why customers stopped buying a product or switched to a rival organization. There will also be incentives provided to win back customers. For example, discounted prices on previous bundled purchased over a period of time. Lastly, social media personalized campaigns will target interactions with consumers (Renjith, 2017). Recovery strategies in the case of product or service failure for the low budget young consumers will include free products for a trial basis, discounts, apologies, and coupon. For the unprofitable customers, no action will be taken, but instead products will be bundled up to ensure that they are either able to move up their spending curve or exit altogether.

Objectives

The objectives are focused on attaining the following objectives as well as key performance indicators (KPIs)

Enable Raiz to increase its market share by 25% in the target segment including the low budget young group

Reduce the churn rate by 4% for the first quarter of operations

Raise the customer loyalty rate by 10% by converting current passives to promoters

Time-Scheduled Roadmap

For cross-selling and retention strategies for the low budget young segment, the following time schedule is recommended for Raiz to apply.

Phase Activity Timeframe

Phase 1 Bundling products in an attractive package In the next 12 months

Review and update of bundled products every 2 months

Phase 2 Promoting products that other people bought

Recommending related items Continuously for the next 12 months

Phase 3 Offering discounts on bundled products For the next 12 months

Weekly reviews

Phase 4 Promoting products that are essential to another product’s performance For the next 12 months. Review every month based on uniquely bundled products and highest moving products

Phase 5 Excellent customer service

Fast support

Personalized interactions

Meeting customers where they are

Incentivizing loyalty Continuous for the next 12 months

Phase 6 Surprise gifts Every week

Key Performance Indicators

The metrics for the low budget young segment is as follows

Cross-Selling Metrics

KPI Composition Sources Frequency

Sales effort spent Amount of time spent on the right products by sales representatives Time logged on phone calls and customer engagement Weekly

Activities per opportunity New pipeline generated efficiency Amount of time used to make interactions leading to new business Weekly

Win rate New business generated out of each cross-sell strategy Conversion rates leading to business Monthly

Attach rate Accurate forecasting of cross-sell and net new more accurately Higher numbers per period Quarterly

Renewal rate Selling products with a long term value Amount of repeat business per period Annually

Retention Metrics

KPI Composition Sources Frequency

Customer retention rate Calculated through getting number of customers at end of time period minus the number of new customers acquired during time period (divided by number of customers at the beginning of a time period) New customer entries Monthly

Churn rate The percentage of lost customers over a given time period Customer accounts Monthly

Existing customer revenue growth ratio Revenue generated from customer success, retentions, and loyalty effort Higher numbers of monthly revenue from retention efforts Monthly

Net incremental revenue Changes in net revenue earned Higher numbers per period Quarterly

Repeat purchase rate Percentage of customers returning to make repeat purchases Amount of repeat business per period Monthly

References

Biswas, S. (2014). Relationship marketing: concepts, theories and cases. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd..Ghoshal, A., Mookerjee, V. S., & Sarkar, S. (2021). Recommendations and Cross-selling: Pricing Strategies when Personalizing Firms Cross-sell. Journal of Management Information Systems, 38(2), 430-456.

Gomber, P., Kauffman, R. J., Parker, C., & Weber, B. W. (2018). On the fintech revolution: Interpreting the forces of innovation, disruption, and transformation in financial services. Journal of management information systems, 35(1), 220-265.

Jayalath, J. A. R. C., & Premaratne, S. C. (2021). Analysis of Key Digital Technology Infrastructure and Cyber Security Consideration Factors for Fintech Companies. Analysis of Key Digital Technology Infrastructure and Cyber Security Consideration Factors for Fintech Companies, 84(1), 8-8.

Mahmoud, M. A., Hinson, R. E., & Adika, M. K. (2018). The effect of trust, commitment, and conflict handling on customer retention: the mediating role of customer satisfaction. Journal of Relationship Marketing, 17(4), 257-276.

Renjith, S. (2017). B2C E-Commerce customer churn management: Churn detection using support vector machine and personalized retention using hybrid recommendations. International Journal on Future Revolution in Computer Science & Communication Engineering, 3(11), 34-39.

1885950297180Movie in Sociology

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Introduction

Sociology is the scientific study of societal life, social change, the social basis, and costs of individual behavior as well as investigating the structure of groups, organizations, societies, and people’s interactions within these situations. All human behavior is considered social thus making the main issue of sociology to range from the close family relationship, organized crimes, religious cults, shared beliefs of a common culture, sports sociology, and to the work sociology. Sociology provides many distinguishing perspectives on the world, breeding new ideas and criticizing old thoughts by tackling the most current taxing issues thus making it a rapidly expanding field whose potential is increasingly tapped by those who design policies and build programs.

The subject matter of sociology is to make our lives better by knowing the different societies, improving our way of thinking towards different people in the society and understanding the social processes that have brought the society of humans from their origins to where the society stands currently. Sociology has greatly contributed to many life aspects such as understanding and planning of society, keeps us posted on contemporary issues, enriching human culture, bringing our interest to the essential worth and dignity of man, and providing solution to societal challenges (Giddens & Sutton 2010).

Sociological Imagination

This refers to the concept of willingness of thinking beyond the conventional perspective by moving away from thinking in terms of the individual problems, focusing rather on the social circumstances that produce social problems to the individuals. It involves looking at issues in holistic or multidimensional point of view by examining both personal and social forces when explaining any phenomenon. Sociological Imagination entail the ability of an individual to stop considering things from a narrow perspective, but to perceive general social forces, characteristics as well as their reactions , and to apply their findings to everyday life (Kornblum & Smith 2011).

Social Issues and Personal Problems

A social issue refers to outside forces affecting an individual’s perception and opinion yet the individual has no control on. Social issues may be either desirable or undesirable depending on different societies with unusual perceptions and opinions regarding social behaviors (Kornblum & Smith 2011). As a result, social issues purely vary with particular society in question being that there is no uniformity in the social manners in different societies. A social issue is therefore any issue intimidating the values upheld by a society, hence distressing all individuals who involved in the society such as violence, justice equality, and poverty (Giddens & Sutton 2010).

Personal problem refers to an issue bothering or concerning an individual at a personal level and the ultimate decision to resolve, or repair that certain problem lies in an individual’s hand, even though possibly persuaded by the community. Personal problem is an issue involving an individual and the resolution to that problem would only benefit the person affected. On the other hand, a personal problem has everything to do with self efficacy since an individual has absolutely complete control of the problem from the very start (Kornblum & Smith 2011).

Movie

Philadelphia is an American drama movie that was released in 1993 and amongst the first conventional Hollywood films to acknowledge HIV/AIDS, homosexuality and homophobia that was written by Ron Nyswaner, and directed by Jonathan Demme (Pristin, 1996). The movie features two chief artists, stars Tom Hanks and Denzel Washington, who perform with immense decency, that give it substance and convincingly address the AIDS plague seriously. (Pristin, 1996). Philadelphia movie irrefutably incorporates both the social issue and personal problems themes in an undeniable and clear manner thus making it the basis of addressing these issues in this piece of writing.

Social Issue Presented in film

The issue of discrimination, which is a social issue in the society, is presented in the Philadelphia movie in a very depressing and emotional way that makes whoever watches the movie keenly understand it. Discrimination presented in the movie is that of intolerance against the HIV/AIDS infected individuals. Philadelphia drama film is a story of Andrew Becket (Tom Hanks) who is a senior associate in a law firm and is pitilessly fired by the law company after realizing that he was diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. It was disgraceful that the firm, where he had worked for a long time and as a senior person, was doubtful about his ability to discharge the duties of the firm (Pristin, 1996).

The film further attributes a social challenge of biasness, versus a personal problem of homophobia by revealing Andrew Beckett’s (Tom Hanks) homosexual act, which, for a long time, he has been hiding from the people around him, to keep away from being intimidation or having his reputation damaged. Andrew Becket understands that homosexuality is an act that is not common to the society especially after he had his colleagues negatively joking about gays, though it is his preferred way of doing sex. Andrew Becket therefore found it uneasy to disclose his situation to his fellow workers who were openly opposed to gay.

Truth about the social problem

HIV/AIDS and sexual orientations are some of the social issues discriminated against in the place of work, social events and homes because of their unpopular nature in the society. Additionally, the HIV/AIDS infected individuals are mostly assumed incompetent in discharging their obligations yet they too live as any other normal persons and can do anything done by HIV/AIDS negative persons.

Functionalism theory specifies that everyone in the society is vital, notwithstanding their sexual orientation or health status, being that they all contribute to the society (Kornblum & Smith 2011). No persons should not be discriminated against in the society due to their health status or sexual orientation since sickness does not interfere with an individual’s ability to work and ability to help in the society. It is important to treat every individual equal and with equal respect that they deserve for the mutual benefit of the society. Finally, the issue of personal opinions and perceptions in a society influences greatly affects people in that particular society and Philadelphia film has clearly shown this.

References

Giddens, A., & Sutton, P. W. (2010). Sociology: Introductory Readings. Cambridge: Polity.

Holtzman, L. (2000). Media Messages: What Film, Television, And Popular Music Teach Us About Race, Class, Gender and Sexual Orientation. Armonk, NY [U.A.: Sharpe.

Kornblum, W., & Smith, C. D. (2011). Sociology In A Changing World. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Pristin, T. (1996). Philadelphia Screenplay Suit to Reach Court. New York Times, n.p. HYPERLINK “http://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/11/business/philadelphia-screenplay-suit-to-reach-court.html” http://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/11/business/philadelphia-screenplay-suit-to-reach-court.html.

Moral Growth of Children

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Introduction

Morals is a set of beliefs, values, or ideologies that administrate how a human being behaves in two ways: by administering good conduct which is value to the others, moral values can be instilled in children in certain ways with the help of teachers. Teachers spend most of the time with the children, and as a result, their behavior impacts a lot on the children. The teachers can enhance good morals, by reminding the children daily of the importance of good morals. Providing guidance for the children, when they deviate from the good morals is another way, of building good morals in the children. When the children have a disagreement, the teachers should assist in reconciling the children, and teaching them of the importance of forgiveness, in that helping develop the morals.

The teachers have a role to play, in helping the children know what good morals are, and instilling the morals in them. This can be done in various ways, when a child does what is morally wrong; the teachers should device a way of making the children know, that what they are doing is wrong. Children may do something that is morally wrong, but when told in a polite way they can rectify and never do it again, thus developing good morals in the children. Understanding the following phases can help the teachers in developing good morals in the children.

Egocentrism

Egocentrism is a phase where the children mostly keep to themselves, and are mainly occupied with themselves. In this stage the children are mostly restricted to their own moral understanding of what surrounds them, and how they relate to the world (Best 2000).

Heteronym

Heteronym is the phase where the children begin to adhere to the rules, the children in this phase are now aware of the importance of the rules that are related to good behavior. At this phase, the child tries to follow the good behaviors, as they are aware that good behavior is appreciated by being given presents. The children are also aware that bad behavior and other vices are not wanted and can result in one being punished. It is at this phase that children need to be taught most of the moral educations so as to help them in their later life (Best 2000).

.Transition

Transition is the phase where the children begin to understand, and appreciate the importance of rules, the impact it has on their daily lives. It is at this stage that the children know how the rules make things run smoothly, how to strictly follow the rules, and even how to break the rules both at home, and school (Best 2000).

Autonomy

Autonomy is the final phase of moral growth, in this phase the children are concerned of their behavior. In this stage the children have a tendency of changing their behavior according to the current and emerging policy of moral code. It is at this phase that the children have the ability to appreciate the moral code.

Factors that can affect children moral growth either negatively or positively can be social, mental, family, peer influence, the school, and at times the society. Depending on the above factors, the influence can either be positive, or negative.

Family

The family plays a vital role in the development of children moral behavior. When a child is born the first people to influence the child behavior are the family members, this can be the father, mother, older siblings, grand parents, or even the various uncles, and aunties. The people who can influence most the children behavior are the parents, What the parents approve will be taken as the right thing by the children, and what the children disapproves are considered as wrong by the children. In this regard the parents should be very careful of what they approve or disapprove. It is paramount for the parents to remember that the children will follow what the parents do. The children foundation on good morals lies squarely in the family (Louv 2005).

School

The school also plays a vital role in the development of children; the children are mostly influenced while in school, the relationship between the children and the teachers, classmates, and the other senior students can impact on the children negatively, or positively. At this stage the children tend to believe that what they see the senior students do to be the right thing. It is at this stage that the children disregard what they had been taught at home and embrace what thee other students do. Moral education at this stage is vital as it helps the children in their later life (Louv 2008).

.Peer group

Most children are always curious, and are always looking out for new things. In this phase children tend to copy what the other children are doing. Bad company means the children will pick some very bad habits; on the other hand good company will ensure the children will pick good behavior (Louv 2005).

Society and culture

The way the society behaves around the children can either influence the children negatively, or positively, depending on how the society behaves. If the society condones bad behavior then the children will take the habits, if the society encourages good behavior the children will be of good behavior (Louv 2008).

Age

The children’s age is also a vital factor in shaping the children’s behavior. As the child grows from being a child to an adolescent they become broadminded towards some issues which are not accepted as right. At this stage the children are not entirely obedient as before, the children becomes somewhat defiant, and rebellious. This changes later in life as they embrace once more the things they had rejected.

Sex

Sex plays a vital role in shaping the children morals development. Girls tend to posses a sense of guilt and are remorseful; boys in the other hand are aggressive and are not always as remorseful as the girls. This is one area that has to be handled with care (Shumaker & Heckel 2007).

Teacher’s role

Teachers play a vital role, in shaping the children’s moral behavior, as they spend most of the time with the children. Most children tend to admire their teachers and copy their teacher’s behavior. That means that if the teachers are of bad character, the children will follow the bad characters. The teachers can also monitor the children’s behavior in school (Shumaker & Heckel 2007).

Conclusion

A child’s morals can be shaped or destroyed by various aspects from, the family, school, society, peer group, and age. The most vital institution in developing a child’s moral behavior is the family and more so the parents, that means the parents should encourage good behavior among themselves so that the children will also embrace the good behavior. The school administration should also ensure the children are of the best behavior when in school. Guidance and Counseling should also be readily available to the children, which will help the children to get advice on various issues anytime.

Reference

Shumaker, D. M., & Heckel, R. V. (2007). Kids of character: a guide to promoting moral development. New York: Praeger Publishers

Louv, R. 2008). Last child in the woods: saving our children from nature-deficit disorder (Updated and expanded. ed.). Chapel Hill, N.C.: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill.

Best, R. (2000). Education for spiritual, moral, social, and cultural development. London: Continuum

Louv, R. (2005). Last child in the woods: saving our children from nature-deficit disorder. Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill.

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Moral Heroic Responsibility

Heroism is a product of courage coupled with altruism and sacrifice to leave a legacy behind that goes well beyond the normal scope of the rational human being. As a result, they leave behind a memory that leaves for many years after they die. Examples of heroes are Hercules who was a vicious killer feared by many, Asclepius who was the first doctor and Dionysus, the inventor of the fraternities of the Greek empire. To be remembered for a good deed or great achievement is a wish that most people have before they die. Morally, it is always good to be remembered in the hearts of many for a good deed. Every single human being on this earth has a moral responsibility to be a hero to someone or something.

At this age and time, it is virtually impossible to separate heroism from morality. They are bound together by an invisible thread that can only be seen by poring through the originality of the situational context. Testing the actions of people who act morally reveals an inner drive that is unparalleled which eventually breeds heroism. It happens inadvertently such that it coincides with heroism. It is, therefore, the responsibility of every human being to leave morally and leave behind a legacy in which they are a hero at something. Human beings need heroes since they help define the limits of their aspirations. Heroes are role models who possess the qualities that people look for in them. A good example is a person who regards Martin Luther King as their hero. They will have a different sense of heroism to a person who regards Osama Bin Laden as their hero. Morally speaking the two people had different legacies. They are both remembered for their actions to humanity. However, Osama Bin Laden quite contrasts the ideals of heroism by acting immorally to people who don’t subscribe to his ideas. Therefore basing the argument on morally leaving a legacy is quite shallow and misleading (Owens, Christabel, and Helen).

There is a hero inside every human being, and this makes them special and unique in their special way. The world would be a better place if every person strived to morally be a hero at something. It is, therefore, the moral responsibility of each person to act morally in the world. Acting morally quite contrast the ideals that most people hold about the definition of heroism. Heroism is doing something where you are taking great risks to help another person without really expecting something in return. However, the fact that there is a hero deep within a person should not make them feel superior unless their deeds are dedicated to leaving the world a better place. Naturally, human beings tend towards evil. They are wired towards watching something from a distance. This notion is often referred to as the bystander effect (Barber).

Many people perceive life differently depending on their experiences. Each person is a product of their experience. For instance, research was conducted by Ervin Staub on the motivators of heroism. His study had very significant findings. Most notably is the fact that those people who had gone through periods of suffering like assaults and violent assaults and natural disasters were wired towards acting heroically in the face of uncertainty. It is all about knowing the toughness of circumstances. People who have faced suffering and gotten help from well-wishers have a moral obligation to help others in the face of adversity. There is another category of people who have not had any bouts of suffering that is of great significance that they have to find a reason to act when they get in a situation where instances of heroism are bound to prevail. Therefore it’s not a moral responsibility to feel obligated to act in a way that the society expects unless one has a good reason backed up by a good background to do it (Staub).

The problem with most people is their devotion to heroism. Most people have devoted their attention to the wrong heroes. It is therefore essential that people leave behind a legacy that is admired by many in a positive sense. Leaving behind a morally acceptable idea of heroism that is widely acceptable by many should be the obligation of many. The main problem with the current society is that it is pervasive and skeptical about the whole idea of heroism. The corrosive culture tends to corrode all the positive aspects of heroism leave behind a facet that is not admired by many but a selected few. Most of the ideals have been betrayed by the leaders and heroes we look up to. Human beings should strive to leave behind the best version of them for the world to see and admire. It is all about expanding the sense of possibility and poring to other horizons. Ideals of heroism should not be too cramped such that they promote the immoral.

Due to the complexity of the immorality of some actions, people have often found a reason to defend an offensive or immoral thing however much it contrasts the expectations of many. Open minded people find it hard to take a side of the argument that supports morality despite them knowing well the magnitude of the immorality deep within their hearts. However to a rational human being heroism should be all about passion. Heroes experience the passion and in one way or another make it known to the outside world. Defining heroism to the standards of morality should well align to the expectations of the world from a humanistic point of view. If the passion of a person is immoral, they may find it hard to leave in the real world. It is important to be realistic in the current world. Their dreams need to be blended with the wishes of the people. As such, it should be a moral responsibility for people to be heroes to those who look up to them. The presence of other people may also derail the passions of people who would wish to be heroes to other people at something. Heroism should well be grounded on recognizing fully ones individuality in the face of opposition and morality.

Works Cited

Barber, Benjamin. Aristocracy of everyone. Ballantine Books, 2012.Owens, Christabel, and Helen Lambert. “Mad, bad or heroic? Gender, identity and accountability in lay portrayals of suicide in late twentieth-century England.” Culture, medicine, and psychiatry 36.2 (2012): 348-371.

Staub, Ervin. The roots of goodness and resistance to evil: Inclusive caring, moral courage, altruism born of suffering, active bystandership, and heroism. Oxford University Press, 2015.

MOVIE ANALYSIS

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Episode three

In episode three, the story line revolved around unexpected turn of events, the characters are Norman, Christine Heldens, George, Nick, and Emma and the setting of the story is in the community set up. In this episode, Norman is disappointed to learn that she was not involved in the community play and that makes her to make new friend with Christine for companion. Christine invites Norman to a party and introduced her to new friends. With the death of Bradley in their mind, Emma organizes a memorial at the beach, however things do not go as planned as Caleb appears unannounced hence shattering Normans dreams.

Episode four

The story line is about denial and emotional and the setting is in the motel. The characters in the play are Dylan, Caleb, Norman Sheriff Romeo, Emma, and Zane. Dylan gets drunk after the revelation that Caleb is not his father; he further confronts Norma who admits that she never told anyone about the secrets of his parental status. The ever outrageous Norman goes to acting out as his mother and visits Caleb as these unfolds , Emma wakes up in the morning to find out that she slept with the boy she met in the beach party. The events in this episode show how Dylan gets disillusioned in life in realizing that Caleb is not his father. It also gives as a picture of how careless people are when Emma slept with a boy she met in the beach party.

Episode five

The theme of the story is secrecy and the characters are Dylan, Zane Cody, and Norman. The typical setting is within the family set up. In this episode, Norma trust Cody with the family secrets and want Cody to keep them by himself at the same time, Dylan finds himself in trouble as he fights for his life that was engineered by Zane drug war. The turn of events makes Norman to have a deal with a strange mysterious man to help stop the bypass as Norman faces some of his childhood demons. This story reveals hidden secrets that Norman has been keeping and his bad behaviour during his childhood has come to haunt him. The story can clearly tell the character traits of Norman as a wicked person through the haunting by the demons.

Episode six

The theme of the episode is plunge and the characters involved are Norman, Cody, Emma, and Dylan. The setting of the play is in the business sectors or firm as can be seen by the employment scenario. In this case, Norman works tirelessly to get appointed to the council and this makes him to look for the driving licenses to enable him get the position. At the same time, Norman has to deal with the incident concerning Emma and Cody situation at work. The scene ends when Dylan gets to know his boss. The scene depicts frustrations within the society as can be seen on how Norman is frustrated and tries to make life easy though it does not work for him. It further tells how the employers are too bossy to know their staff that comes out when Dylan gets to know his boss after long time.

Episode seven

The theme of the episode is revenge as the characters are presumed to be innocent though in the real case it is not. The characters involved are; Norman, Zane, Miss Watson, Romero, Dylan, and Cody. Norman questions himself about his faith and tries to get the motives behind his miseries. At the same time, Zane is burning with revenge and is eager to do anything to threaten Dylan for the death of Miss Watson, however, Romero presents new evidence that may change the course of the case of Miss Watson’s murder and breaks the friendship of Cody and Norman. This episode brings about betrayal of characters in the scene and how it is hard to trust a friend. The evaluation of the scene is that you cannot fully trust a friend, however close you have been and that the best person who knows your secrets is your best friends.

Episode eight

The story line in episode eight is looking for truth and the characters presents are; Romero, Dylan, and Norman. The setting is in the family set-up. Romero is busy digging for the truth regarding Miss Watson murder and at the same time, the war between the drug families presents Dylan with a hard choice to make. Norman is forced to push Dylan away so as to get the truth he is looking for. The story reveals how it is hard to get the truth of any matter in the society since there are many obstacle in the way that want to conceal secretes like Dylan did when Norman was looking for the murderer of Miss Watson.

Episode nine

The story line in this episode is about betrayal and death. The characters involved are; Norman, Nick Ford, Zane, Dylan, Romero, and Declan and the setting are in a home set-up. Zane returns home in the morning and finds Norma still sleeping; she gets a call from Nick who wants Norman dead, Norman is kept in a metal box in the middle of nowhere that makes him recall the events of Miss Watson death. The story reveals how Norman was involved in Miss Watson’s death and how Norman had hidden such secretes to himself.

Episode ten

The theme is rescue operation and the characters involved are; Norman, Zane, Dylan and Romero while the setting is in Norman’s home. In this scene, Norman is being rescued by Dylan and his friends that take Norman back to his mother where Norman reveals the murderer of Miss Watson of which he was the one involved. Romero finds it hard to trust Norman and thereby she is forced to keep him at bay. The revelation of the story reveals how wicked Norman was and also how secretive he was to the extent of going to his grave with those secretes. .

 

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Movie Monty Python’s “Life of Brian” Questions and Answers

What do viewers learn about the historical period from this movie? Is any of it correct?

Monty Python’s Life of Brian is a comedy film created in 1979 by Monty Python Comedy crew telling about Brian Cohen satirical life. The story is starred to display the character of a Jewish man who was coincidentally born on 25 December, the day Jesus Christ was born. This incidence is meant to present of an arrival of a Messiah thus creating a religious mockery; a controversial theme at the point of release. An analysis of the mix-up of themes ranging from religion to deaths, politics, and blasphemy clearly displays a contentious society. The historical period depicted by the movie shows of a reign of revolution in religion and politics practiced by the Romans. Principally, the extreme presentations show a politically incorrect sensation to viewers.

What kind of research, if any, do you think the writers, producers, directors, cast, etc. put into their work?

Production of Monty Python’s Life of Brian entailed a serious research that investigated the New Testament age in comparison to the lampooning endeavors of the fallen society. The research was raised to create a historical setting that could poke revolutionary facts of the 1970s British political organization. Stakeholders in this movie concentrated in research meant to reveal the ideological relationship between the Romans and the Judea’s.

Is there anything blatantly incongruous with the setting? Might someone unfamiliar with the period mistake it for being correct to the setting?

As per the setting of the movie, a number of issues are inappropriate. There are several endeavors starting with the unnaming of several characters. Similarly, the movie is set to represent the Jewish experience in the Roman Empire but instead meanders in a number of societal controversial issues such as blasphemy. The extent of incongruous setting attracted opposition and rejection by a number of states.

What effect has this movie has on the popular view of the period?

Altogether, the movie presents a true opposite scenario of the historic times of Jesus Christ. There is a lot of miss presentation of scenes such as coning for blessings. Brian comes out as an intelligent character with the ability of confusing the crowd about miracles he could not perform. Finally, the crowd decides to punish him not based on faith as it was for Jesus but because of notorious traits.

Other thoughts you have on these movies as an example of the intersection between History and Popular Culture.

These movies fail to make a complete comparison between culture and history. Plot developments of the moves are focused in creating humor for entertainment.

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Case Study 4-2

Based on the description of the job, Show Me the Money Organization should use the behavioral approach to measure performance. Since the company is a service providing company, they cannot rely on the results approach as a way of motivation since the services cannot be quantified. Behavioral approach is therefore suitable in measuring performance in that it makes the hiring firms to understand their employees, their behavior as well as their working patterns which are the essential part of the performance measurement. The behavioral approach monitors various parameters that include turnover rate, employee satisfaction as well as the span of control.

The behavioral approach of performance measurements links the performance of the employees with the achievement of the organization’s goals, control, conflict of interest as well as reward and thus aids the management to make quality decisions and as well monitor the organizational goals easier. The behavioral approach increases the employee’s satisfaction due to its reliability and accuracy in measuring performance resulting in positive growth of the firm. The behavioral approach plays a critical role in the process of performance measurement, motivation and reward as the performance appraisals also motivate the employees to perform better in the future.

The behavioral approach is effective in measuring performance as the behavior of the employees can be assessed either in groups or as an individual. In the case of the Show Me the Money company, the performance is more of individual since it involves a single employee taking a single client and therefore the assessment can only be individual which makes the behavioral approach more suitable for the company. The behavioral approach is effective since it focuses on the individual’s psychology, motivation, leadership as well as the human relations an aspect which is more significant for the Show Me the Money organization. The approach creates confidence as well as transparency among the employees and therefore instills a sense of belonging, thus increasing the company’s production.

The behavioral approach to measuring performance is most appropriate when the outcomes occur in the distant future. The reason is that behaviors affect productivity in a way that it cannot be realized immediately and takes some time before the outcome are realized. A behavioral approach is more suitable for services since it is very difficult to quantify the services and the change can only be realized after some time. Results approach to measuring performance is most appropriate when the results show consistent improvements over time. The reason is because it is possible to quantify the results to detect any improvements and therefore makes it suitable for the performance measuring to adopt the results approach. The results approach effective when the goals of an organization are quantifiable, and in this case, there is a consistent performance monitoring, evaluation and the consequent reward based on the performance. A company using the results approach need to have goals that can be measured and to which will not be biased in making the evaluation and therefore valid. The evaluation needs to be consistent, and the reward process relies on the performance of the employees which is the opposite of the behavioral approach to which the employee behavior determines the results.

Case Study Discussion Post

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Case Study Discussion Post

Question 1

Heart failure is the inability of the heart to pump blood at a rate required by body tissues. Heart failure involving the heart’s left ventricle can be categorized into diastolic or systolic heart failure. Systolic heart failure relates to the pumping function and occurs during the heartbeat. Contrary, diastolic heart failure relates to the relaxing function and occurs between heartbeats. The differences between systolic and diastolic heart failure are based majorly on the Left Ventricle’s (LV) Ejection Fraction (EF). Systolic heart failure is characterized by reduced Ejection Fraction (EF), large left ventricle volume, and eccentric left ventricle re-modelling (Miranda-Silva et al., 2021). On the other hand, diastolic heart failure is characterized by normal Ejection Fraction (EF), low volume, and concentric left ventricle re-modelling characteristics (Fukuta, 2020). A stiff left ventricle with impaired relation and reduced compliance is another characteristic of diastolic heart failure. With diastolic heart failure, the body is capable of meeting the metabolic needs of the body, although with a higher diastolic pressure (Miranda-Silva et al., 2021).

Question 2

The echocardiography performed on the patient showed reduced wall motion of the anterior wall of the heart and an ejection fraction of 25%, which can be considered low. From our characteristics of systolic and diastolic heart failure above, it is evident that systolic heart failure is characterized by low EF. Also, systolic heart failure is associated with low volume. The decreased wall motion of the heart’s anterior wall can be associated with low volume. Therefore, it can be logically inferred that the patient was suffering from systolic heart failure.

Question 3

Pathophysiology of Dyspnea on Exertion

It results from the left ventricular output’s failure to rise during exercise, which results in increased pulmonary venous pressure.

Pathophysiology of edema

Edema results from a decrease in movements of water from interstitial spaces into lymphatic vessels or high movements of fluids from intravascular to interstitial spaces. It has four mechanisms: decreased plasma oncotic pressure, an increased capillary permeability, lymphatic system obstruction, and increased capillary hydrostatic pressure.

Pathophysiology of jugular vein distention

It happens when the backup of blood is in the vena cava or heart. Superior vena cava, heavy traffic on a freeway, and slow blood flow can lead to a backup of blood.

Pathophysiology of orthopnea

It occurs during recumbency when there Is congestion of pulmonary. It has little effect on a normal person but on a person with heart disease, resulting in shortness of breath because additional blood cannot be pumped by the left ventricle (Hare, 2019).

Question 4

The third heart sound is the first initial indication of left heart failure. It is also associated with low ejection fraction. The presence of a third heart sound and an ejection fraction of 25% is crucial for differentiating the type of heart failure. Differentiating systolic and diastolic heart failure is crucial because the two heart failures have different pathophysiology and histories that might require different therapeutic approaches.

References

Fukuta, H., & Little, W. C. (2020). Diastolic versus systolic heart failure. Diastolic Heart Failure, 119–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-891-3_8

Hare, J. M., Felker, G. M., & Mann, D. L. (2019). In Heart failure: A companion to braunwald’s heart disease. essay, Elsevier.

Jessup, M. (n.d.). Defining heart failure: Systolic versus diastolic dysfunction, differential diagnosis, initial testing. Heart Failure: Providing Optimal Care, 51–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470994757.ch4

Miranda-Silva, D., Lima, T., Rodrigues, P., Leite-Moreira, A., & Falcão-Pires, I. (2021). Mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the tip of the iceberg. Heart Failure Reviews, 26(3), 453-478. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-020-10042-0Wang, Z. (2018). Left ventricular mechanics in human heart failure (Doctoral dissertation, ResearchSpace@ Auckland).

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Actors Performance in the play Macbeth

Introduction

Macbeth is a tragic story written by Shakespeare in the seventeenth century. It is a story about a soldier, Macbeth, who is in search of power. In his quest, he goes ahead to commit murder. Shakespeare used the play to show how poor ambitions and the will to get power in the wrong way can lead to severe consequences. All the bad choices made by the soldier Macbeth in pursuit of power caught up with him in the end. This paper discusses the performances of the actors Ian McKellen, Judy Dench and John Woodvine in the play as Macbeth, Lady Macbeth and Banquo respectively. It describes the choices the actors made in the play both physical and verbal. It goes ahead to illustrate their choices in terms of clarity, logic and satisfaction.

Ian McKellen as Macbeth

Ian McKellen is a renowned actor and the part of Macbeth was one of his best performances. Macbeth is a trusted soldier in Scotland who emerges successful in the war. The other soldiers and King Duncun give him the name brave Macbeth. The King also awards him with the title Thane of Cawdor (I.ii). However he meets three witches who prophesy that he will be king in the near future. At first he doesn’t believe them. The character of Macbeth is expected to be ambitious and craving for power. Ian McKellen brings out this character well. When he hears the prophesy from the three witches, Macbeth is shown to want to kill the king but tells Banquo that he will leave it to fate. Macbeth also wants to know more about the prophesy but the witches, disappear before he could ask questions (I.iii). The fact that he thought about killing the king shows that Macbeth’s character is morally corrupt. He goes ahead to write to his wife . Macbeth had thought of killing the king but was against it when his wife suggested it. She has to insult him and bring up their dead child so that he can comply (I, vii). As the play continues, Macbeth has to kill Banquo so as to cover his bad deeds. The death of Banquo is followed by Banquo’s ghost appearing during banquets in the castle. The ghost traumatizes Macbeth and he starts to behave in a beastly manner (III. iv). This scene clearly illustrates Macbeth’s humanity and how he has been reduced to someone who needs sympathy and pity.

Judi Dench as Lady Macbeth

The character of Lady Macbeth, played by Judi Dench, depicts a different motivation for her actions than the painful loss of a child; instead, her readiness to commit regicide is motivated by her love for her husband. In a tender speech, Judi Dench’s Lady Macbeth explains how she would assist Ian McKellen’s Macbeth in assassinating the monarch (I, v). Later, when she is successful in summoning the spirits, she starts to feel afraid. Dench’s Lady, notwithstanding her fear, resumes the incantation because she is determined to fulfill her husband’s dream (I, v). Her affection is also seen when she reads Macbeth’s long affectionate letter to her telling her of his endeavors and the witches’ prophesy.

Judi Dench acting as Lady Macbeth is very passionate to her husband because after Banqou’s death, she gets worried when her husband goes mad. This is unlike her husband’s behavior when she dies. Macbeth reacts and comments that her death was inevitable (V. v). Dench was also very good in illustrating how Lady Macbeth was affected by all the occurrences. As much as she was the mastermind behind the murder of King Duncun, she was tormented and ended up sleepwalking (V. i). She also calls out to hell in the midst of her torment, showing fear on her face as she looks at her hands covered with imaginary blood (II. ii). The imagery used to portray the character by Dench leaves the viewers feeling like she is beyond redemption. I however don’t think Lady Macbeth was a villain as the play illustrated. Her main goal was to support her ambitious husband which led to her death.

John Woodvine as Banquo

The character Banquo is Macbeth’s best friend. The three witches appear to both Macbeth and Banquo and prophesy that Macbeth is destined to be king of Scotland while Banquo’s sons will be kings of Scotland (I. iii). John Woodvine brought out Banquos character as observant, less spoken, furtive and shrewd. Both characters are seen to be ambitious. After the death of King Duncan, Macbeth takes over the throne (III. i). Banquo swears loyalty to the new king. However, Macbeth sees him as a threat since he is the only person other than his wife who knows about the meeting with the witches. He sends assassins to kill Banquo but Banquo’s son ends up escaping (III. iii). Banquo’s character as a ghost brings out the fear in Macbeth almost turning him mad. The ghost brings mental imbalance to Macbeth making him move around the stage like a mad man. Nobody else in the feast appears to see what Macbeth is seeing so they all react in confusion (III. iv). The viewers are left to conclude for themselves that Macbeth’s sins have started to catch up with him. Maybe Woodvine would have appeared on the scene but dressed in white clothes to illustrate that he is a ghost would have been more direct to the viewers.

Conclusion

The actors in the play use their performances to make the viewers understand the characters better. Their personalities are well brought out in the choices that they make and the changes that occur as the play continues. The viewers observe different characters, each of whom has a unique motivation for carrying out the deed and is personally impacted by its results. This essay has demonstrated not only how content analysis can support and advance performance and performance theory but also how the understanding of each actor can broaden and contribute to our understanding of the play and its character types. Eventually, the play gives and receives critical elaboration.

Works Cited

Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7skhaOegpLA