Based on the presentation and PE, what do you think is the most likely diagnosis?
The most likely diagnosis would be Basal cell carcinoma. The diagnosis was made because the bump occurred in an area that is usually exposed to the sun and its UV lights. Basal cell carcinoma is usually characterized by a waxy or pearly bump. The cancer is also characterized by bleeding that returns. To confirm the diagnosis, a skin biopsy is required for testing to determine if the skin has cancer.
Briefly discuss the guideline for sun exposure protection to decrease skin cancer.
The risk of skin cancer is increased with increased exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. The sun, though important for stress reduction and as a source of vitamin D, it is also a source of UV light. Although the amount of UV light is more during summer, it can occur all year round. The amount also varies during the day with the peak hours being around 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. There is a UV index that categorizes the different levels of UV. UV light amount can also be forecasted such that people can make arrangements about how to protect their skin from high levels of UV light. Usually, protection is required for UV light above 3 according to the UV index. There are various ways through which the skin can be protected from extreme exposure the first one being sheltering. Staying indoors or under a shelter limits the amount of UV light that reaches the skin. The type of clothing also affects the amount of UV light that reaches the skin. Usually, long-sleeved shirts and long skirts and pants offer more protection. On the other hand, dark-colored clothes also offer more protection than light-colored clothes. For additional safety especially when the UV light is elevated is to use hats and sunglasses. Additionally, different types of sunscreens could also protect from UV light.
