Category: Uncategorized

The primary difference between consequentialist and non-consequentialist approaches is that in the former, consequences are thought to be the focus of analysis when deciding what action should or shouldn’t be done. Non-consequentialists, on the other hand, tend to place greater weight on outcomes and impacts over consequences (Lee-Stronach, 2021). Consequentialists believe that people should act according to maximizes utility and non-consequentialist believe that people should act according to what is right. It is important to understand the difference between these two approaches as they have different consequences. It would be wrong for someone from a consequentialist perspective to say that it does not matter if an individual does something wrong, whereas for some individuals from a non-consequentialist perspective, it could be life changing if they do something unethical or immoral (Savulescu & Wilkinson, 2019).

The theory of utilitarianism is associated with consequentialism approach. The approach is based on the assumption that the good of all ought to be the paramount consideration in moral decision-making. Utilitarianism assumes that a morally right action is one with probabilistically more utility or less disutility. Frequently utilitarianism is used synonymously with “the greatest happiness principle.” To apply this theory in a moral situation, we need to compare utility and disutility. A utilitarian will suppose that an action results in greater good for more people than any other option, and then pursue that course of action.

Deontology is a major theory associated with non-consequentialism approach. Deontological theories emphasize duty, obligation and moral rights and wrongs. The term deontology derives from the Greek word meaning duty. This term is essentially used to refer to the philosophical study of good, evil, etc., duties. It is associated with a categorical imperative or absolute value approach which means that all choices are viewed as either right or wrong, good or bad regardless of situation. Deontology is essentially an ethical theory because it focuses on individual action in relation to moral values as well as social norms.

Reference

Lee-Stronach, C. (2021). Morality, Uncertainty. The Philosophical Quarterly, 71(2), 334-358.

Savulescu, J., & Wilkinson, D. (2019). Consequentialism and the Law in Medicine. Philosophical Foundations of Medical Law.

COP

Student name:

Instructor:

Institution

Introduction

A community of practice (CoP) is, according to HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_anthropology” o “Cognitive anthropology” cognitive anthropologists HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Lave” o “Jean Lave” Jean Lave and HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etienne_Wenger” o “Etienne Wenger” Etienne Wenger, a group of people who share a craft and/or a profession. The group can evolve naturally because of the members’ common interest in a particular domain or area, or it can be created specifically with the goal of gaining knowledge related to their field. It is through the process of sharing information and experiences with the group that the members learn from each other, and have an opportunity to develop themselves personally and professionally ( HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_practice” l “CITEREFLaveWenger1991” Lave & Wenger 1991).

CoPs exist in offline (i.e., physical) settings, for example, a lunch room at work, a field setting, a factory floor, or elsewhere in the environment, but members of CoPs do not have to be co-located. They form a “virtual community of practice” (VCoP) ( HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_practice” l “CITEREFe.g._Dub.C3.A9_et_al.2005” e.g. Dubé et al. 2005) when they collaborate online, such as within discussion boards and newsgroups, or a ‘‘mobile community of practice’’ (MCoP) ( HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_practice” l “CITEREFKietzmann_et_al.2013” Kietzmann et al. 2013) when members communicate with one another via mobile phones and participate in community work on the go.

Communities of practice are not new phenomena: this type of learning practice has existed for as long as people have been learning and sharing their experiences through storytelling. The idea is rooted in HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_pragmatism” o “American pragmatism” American pragmatism, especially HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._S._Pierce” o “C. S. Pierce” C.S. Pierce’s concept of ” HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_inquiry” o “Community of inquiry” the community of inquiry” (Shields 2003), but also HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dewey” o “John Dewey” John Dewey’s principle of learning through occupation (Wallace 2007). Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger coined the phrase in their 1991 book, ‘Situated learning’ ( HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_practice” l “CITEREFLaveWenger1991” Lave & Wenger 1991), and Wenger then significantly expanded on the concept in his 1998 book, ‘Communities of Practice’ ( HYPERLINK “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_practice” l “CITEREFWenger1998” Wenger 1998).

Communities of practice, looking from an organizational perspective can be defined as the part of the organizational structure that insists on sharing the learning that people have gained in doing a work with the other people of the organization (Wenger, 1998). These vary from other types of groups present within the organization, since they have their own boundaries and exist for a certain period of time.  There are various stages through which communities of practice develop. The stages are characterized by activities of different kinds and interactions at different levels by the members of the community. The following figure shows the five stages of development as proposed by Wenger, McDermott, and Snyder (2002, p 69), through which communities of practice develop:

HYPERLINK “http://i0.wp.com/www.projectguru.in/publications/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/fig1.jpg”

Figure 1: Stages of Development of communities of practice (Source: Wenger, McDermott, and Snyder (2002, p 69))

As the above figure shows, communities of practice develop through various stages. Each stage has a different set of activities. The stages can be explained as follows

Stage 1: Potential: It is the stage in which, people encountering similar problems or situations, find each other and identify their commonalities

Stage 2: Coalescing: In this stage people after finding each other, identify their potential and discuss about what knowledge is to be shared.

Stage 3: Active: This is the stage in which actual knowledge sharing takes place. The maturity stage is the one in which communities of practice meet its purpose of knowledge sharing. It is the most active stages among all the five stages of development of communities of practice.

Stage 4: Dispersed: In this stage people do not interact actively. However, the formed community acts as a knowledge center from which the members of the community access required information whenever necessary

Stage 5: Memorable: The final stage is one that persists after the community becomes extinct. In this stage the members retain the memories of knowledge gathered when they were a part of a community.

Thus communities of practice are present everywhere and are developed with the help of the above mentioned five stages, thereby enabling efficient knowledge sharing among the members of the community.

References

Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity. New York: Cambridge University Press

Wenger, E., McDermott, R., & Snyder, W. M. (2002). Cultivatingcommunities of practice: A guide to managing knowledge. Boston: Harvard Business School Press

A Comparative Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jnr. And Malcolm X

Both Martin Luther King Jnr. and Malcolm X were active forerunners of one of the biggest movements in the history of America famously known as the African American Civil Rights Movement. They were influential figures in the Civil Rights era which reached its apex during the 1960s. Their powerful voices appealed to African Americans who had been disenfranchised and unabatedly treated as second class citizens across the entire nation. Individually, each had a different approach in the quest for racial equality. Martin Luther King Jnr. preached the philosophy of “love thy enemy” which had been imposed on him earlier on by his role model Mahatma Gandhi and believed equality could be achieved through peaceful, non-violence means. In contrast to King’s non-violent approach, Malcolm X did not ascribe to such idealism but believed racial equality and justice could only be achieved through force and violence. In this essay, I will compare and contrast King’s idealistic approach to Malcolm X’s radical extremism to show how their views paved the way for equality and social justice.

Many scholars have sought to determine who between King and Malcolm X was responsible for a greater change in the civil rights movement. The question can only be answered through an evaluation of each man’s views and how coherent each was in agitating for social justice. There are many who consider Martin Luther King Jnr. as the more influential force behind the movement mainly because it was King who promoted the inclusion of other sympathetic races including White Americans to the Civil Rights movement thereby broadening the base of support for their cause. Those who ascribe to this school of thought perceive Malcolm X as a man who believed in black separation as the first step followed by black pride and then equality “by any means necessary”. He is believed to be a man who saw the Civil Rights Movement as an opportune prospect for revolution in which violence and hating the enemy were the only means of achieving their objective. To better understand the views held by each of the two African American Civil Rights leaders, it is imperative to delve into their origins to determine how their lives shaped their personal philosophies in the struggle for equality and recognition of African Americans as genuine citizens of the United States of America.

Martin Luther King Jnr. was born in 1929 as a middle child to Reverend Martin Luther King Snr. And Alberta Williams King. He grew up in Atlanta and attended Booker T. Washington High School and later Morehouse College aged fifteen without even graduating from High School due to his high intelligence abilities. He graduated with a Bachelor of Divinity degree in 1951 and later married Coretta Scott in 1953. Throughout his entire academic life, King was a known skeptic of many Christianity claims among them the bodily resurrection of Christ.

In his adult life, Martin Luther King Jnr. was professionally a clergyman who later became an activist and a prominent leader of the Civil Rights movement. As a minister in the Baptist Church, King’s early activism laid the foundation for his future leadership roles that included the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott, founding of the 1957 Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and the March on Washington in 1963 where he gave a speech that would later be famously remembered as the “I Have a Dream” address. In this speech he not only established himself as a great orator but more importantly expressed his vision of an American society where a person would not be judged by the color of his or her skin. King became the youngest person to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his efforts in ending racial segregation and discrimination by non-violent means. Before his assassination on 4th April, 1968 at Memphis, King was working on poverty eradication and ending the war in Vietnam. Besides the Nobel Peace Prize, King also received the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal in 1977 and 2004 respectively.

Malcolm X on the other hand was an African American Muslim minister who doubled up as a public speaker and a human rights activist. His followers saw him as a brave advocate for African Americans’ rights and as a man who spoke strongly against crimes perpetrated against black Americans by the White American society. He was perceived by his opponents and detractors as a preacher of racism and black supremacy through violence. He however remains one of the most influential figures in African American history.

Born in 1925 as Malcolm Little, he was the fourth child of Earl Little and Louise Norton. His father is significantly remembered as an outspoken speaker in the Baptist church, a Universal Negro Improvement Association leader, and a strong supporter of Marcus Garvey. He was a major influence on Malcolm’s development of black pride values and self reliance. His early life was characterized by victimization by Ku Klux Klan who lynched one of his brothers and killed two others. After further threats by the Klan, Earl Little’s family had to repeatedly relocate to Milwaukee, Wisconsin and thereafter Lansing, Michigan. His mother’s Scottish ancestry which gave him a light skinned complexion was one of the most hateful aspects he saw in himself so much that he was known to repeatedly observe that he “hated every drop of that white rapist’s blood that is in me.” Despite being a good student in junior high school, Malcolm X dropped out at eighth grade when one of his teachers told him that his ambitions of becoming a lawyer bore “no realistic goals for (an African American)” in a derogatory reference. He later in life remembered the incidence and stated that it made him feel like a career-oriented black man had no place in a white man’s world.

Malcolm X is described as having largely been influenced by his father’s lessons in black pride and self-reliance as well as his own experiences in adult life. His early life was characterized by significant loses including his father’s death when he was only thirteen years old and his mother’s admission in a mental hospital. He spent his youthful years in a series of foster homes after which he became involved in criminal activities that culminated in an eight to ten years prison sentence. Prison life was significantly influential to Malcolm X’s life because it is while he was serving his sentence that he converted to Islam, became El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, and joined the Nation of Islam. He became the organization’s outspoken leaders after his parole. He quit the Nation of Islam after leadership wrangles with Elijah Mohammed, another influential figure among the African Americans, and became a Sunni Muslim.

Before his assassination in New York by members of his group, Malcolm X had founded a religious organization called Muslim Mosque, Inc. and the Pan-Africanist Organization of Afro-American Unity. Malcolm X was a renowned agitator and a propagandist who utilized his exceptional oratory skills in public speaking to influence the emancipation of African Americans to rise against discrimination racial prejudice. Today there are over fifty of his published lectures and interviews being used as scholarly academic materials. His image is highly regarded in the popular culture of rap music, and an abbreviation of his name to a single “X” is found on caps, T-shirts, and buttons. His popularity gives credence to the fact that his views can not be simply be passed off as radical extremism but as a diversity that has grown to be universally recognized.

Martin Luther King Jnr. agitation for a peaceful resolution to the problem of race inequality through non-violent means like civil disobedience can be attributed to the influence of his mentors. One of the people who significantly influenced King was his father’s former classmate at Morehouse College, Howard Thurman. Thurman was a theologian civil rights leader and an educator who mentored King among other youths. He had met and conferred with Mahatma Gandhi during his missionary work and the lessons he learned from Gandhi had a significant influence on his students among them Martin Luther King Jnr. After visiting Gandhi’s birthplace in India, King was so inspired by the legendary Indian’s success through non-violence activism that he later observed in a radio address: “Since being in India, I am more convinced than ever before that the method of nonviolent resistance is the most potent weapon available to oppressed people in their struggle for justice and human dignity. In a real sense, Mahatma Gandhi embodied in his life certain universal principles that are inherent in the moral structure of the universe, and these principles are as inescapable as the law of gravitation.”

Unlike Malcolm X who agitated for recognition of African American rights through all means including violence, King’s views were largely expressed in his numerous sermons and speeches which called for an active participation of all Americans of all races to fight against racial injustices and equality. His travels across the entire country brought him face to face with the harsh reality of racism. He realized that it was not only the African Americans who were affected by racism but poor people of all races had been left out in the country’s socio-economic development. He spoke on behalf of all people who were victim of all forms of discrimination as he stated in his “I Have A Dream” speech which called for freedom to all citizens. He believed the country could only prosper when all people joined together leaving no group behind to suffer oppression. His crusade for justice was driven by passionate statements like in a sermon where he stated:

“All I’m saying is simply this, that all life is interrelated, that somehow we’re caught in an inescapable network of mutuality tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly affects all indirectly. For some strange reason, I can never be what I ought to be until you are what you ought to be. You can never be what you ought to be until I am what I ought to be. This is the interrelated structure of reality.”

Another famous example of his non-violent approach to the race issue is the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955. The boycott was caused by the refusal of a pregnant fifteen year old girl to give up her bus seat to a white man according to Jim Crow rules which led to another arrest of an African American woman Rosa Parks for the same offence. The arrest led to a boycott of all the Montgomery buses company organized by King for 385 days during which his house was bombed. He was later arrested but the boycott brought an end to racial discrimination in all the Montgomery buses.

King’s activism methods in which he expressed his views also included the founding of Southern Christian Leadership Conference which aimed at harnessing the power of all black churches in organizing non-violent protests for civil rights reforms. His literary works including the 1959 Measure of A Man were a reflection of Gandhi’s non-violent techniques. He believed that the use of non-violent means in protesting against racist issue like the southern segregation laws referred to as Jim Crow laws would result in extensive media coverage of the African Americans’ struggle for equality and the right to vote. He organized marches and speeches which were successful in the passing into the United States Law the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the subsequent Voting Rights Act in 1965.

Similar to King, Malcolm X used religion to launch his civil rights campaign. Most of his teachings were expressed through the Nation of Islam. His views were largely concerned with promoting self-reliance and respect for African Americans. However, the national media focused on the controversial aspects of his campaign which tainted his national appeal. In some sections of the media he was quoted as making outrageous claims like black people being the original inhabitants of Earth or that the White people were blue eyed devils. In reality he was opposed to the non-violence policy in the civil rights movement and agitated for the creation of a separate nation for African Americans. He preached on self defense by any means the people would find necessary. Malcolm’s violent response can nevertheless be justified by the fact that he spoke to the black community in the south where life was characterized by police using water horses and dogs against protest marchers. This is why he spoke on African Americans defending themselves against violence perpetrated on them by the white American society. However his call for the creation of a separate Black nation was unworkable. Notably, many African Americans from the Northern and Western States were more in support of Malcolm’s approach than that of the mainstream civil rights movement. They believed that by giving an active expression to their problems and frustration, Malcolm X “made clear the price that white America would have to pay if it did not accede to black America’s legitimate demands.”

In conclusion, both men will forever be remembered for their Black Nationalism spirit that fought for equal rights and justice against white supremacy. However, Malcolm X’s approach to resolving the racial injustice issue, though it was meant for good intentions, often caused ripples between different groups of African Americans. Martin Luther King Jnr. believed that responding to violence with violence was detrimental to the process of implementing change. He knew that change could only be achieved by uniting all Americans under one accord not by dividing the nation. In Martin Luther’s dream both White and Black Americans were one people.

Bibliography

Baldwin, Lewis and Al-Hadid, Amiri Yassin. Cross and Crescent: Christian and MuslimPerspectives on Malcolm and Martin. Gainsville, Fla: University Press of Florida, 1990.

Brendler, Gerhard. Martin Luther: Theology and Revolution. New York: Oxford UniversityPress, 1991.

D’souza, P. Placido. “Commemorating Martin Luther King Jnr.” SFGate.com (2003), HYPERLINK “http://articles.sfgate.com/2003-01-20/opinion/17474454_1_nonviolence-philosophy-king” http://articles.sfgate.com/2003-01-20/opinion/17474454_1_nonviolence-philosophy-king(accessed March 22, 2011).

Jeffrey, Gary, and Christopher Forsey. Martin Luther King Jr.: the Life of a Civil Rights Leader.New York: Rosen, 2007.

Khan, Ali. “Lessons from Malcolm X: Freedom by Any Means Necessary” Howard LawJournal (1994), HYPERLINK “http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=938821” http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=938821 (accessedMarch 22, 2011).

King, Martin Luther Jnr. And Carson Clayborne. The papers of Martin Luther King, Jr. LosAngels, CA: University of California, 1992.

Natambu, Koffi. The Life and Work of Malcolm X. Indianapolis: Alpha Books, 2002.

Warren, A. Mervyn and Gardner Taylor. King Came Preaching: The Pulpit Power of Dr. MartinLuther King JR. New York, NY: InterVarsity Press, 2008.

X, Malcolm, Alex Haley, and Paul Gilroy. The Autobiography of Malcolm X. London: Penguin,2001.

Response

The primary role of nurses is to take care of patients, and this is done through the provision of care that advocates for dignity, respect and empowerment. All patients need to be treated equally, with no discrimination or favor to some patients. Every life is equally important and thus, the treatment and caring plans to the patient must uphold dignity and respect. Respect is a two-way traffic; nurses need to show respect to the patients for them to respect the nurses. Through respect, nurses can create a conducive environment for the patients that fosters understanding, and make the patients feel cared and valued in the heath care, providing an opportunity for the patients to open up on their history which helps the nurses to come up with a better diagnosis and treatment option. This makes it possible to promote a holistic care that includes the opinions of the patients in regard to culture and personal beliefs leading to better patient health outcomes. All these are elements stipulated in Swanson’s caring theory which outlines the caring processes such as knowing, being with, doing for, enabling and maintaining belief, and which are essential in cultivating a meaningful healing relationship between nurses and patients (Nurse-Clarke, DiCicco-Bloom & Limbo, 2019).

References

Nurse-Clarke, N., DiCicco-Bloom, B., & Limbo, R. (2019). Application of caring theory to nursing Care of Women Experiencing Stillbirth. MCN: The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing, 44(1), 27-32.

Introduction

There are several human resouce management practices that if well applied by an organization can enhance it’s competitive advantage in the marketplace. Employment security, selectivity in recruiting and selection, self-managed teams and decentralization, high compensation, extensive training and skill development ,reduced status distinctions and barriers and Information sharing are among the seven human resource management practices according to Jeffrey Pfeffer. This paper discusses the principle of extensive training and skill development as a way of enhancing an organizations competitive advantage in the market place.

An organization’s success largely depends on the performance of its employees whether good or bad. Employees need the right skill motivation and knowledge to conduct efficient work in an organization. Extensive training and skill development among the employees of an organization, that is, providing the employees with the right skill necessaryto do their job through training, is among the best human resource management practices that can improve the competative nature of that organization. This includes training and staff development that are based on competencies required and developmental needs that meets the requirements of the workplace and the individual needs.

Since the educational background of an organization may considerably vary, training that is extensive is necessary for an organization to maximize its output through the employees.This in turn enhances the organization’s competative nature compared to its competitors not practicing the same principle depending on how far they go in implementing the extensive training of their employees.For an organization to enhance its productivity, morale ,increase performance and at the same time reduce job turnover its mandatory for the organization to help its employee use employee skill effectively, and further improve those skills by providing training and development opportunities. This improves employees satisfaction with their job and working conditions as a whole and improve its stability by reducing the chances of strikes and demonstrations by the employees which may tarnish the organization’s name through negative publicity hence reducing its competitive nature.

Through extensive training of employees, skills are developed by the employees which enhance productivity and quality of work in the organization besides building worker loyalty. Improving employee skills through training can increase individual and organizational performance and help to achieve business results which are highly competitive in the marketplace. This can further lead into increased chances of recruiting and retaining high quality employees resulting to the organization’s growth and expansion hence increased edge of competition agaist its competitors. Field work jobs and an organizations rapid pace in technological change are some of the sources of employee skill since they constantly generate new knowledge.

Organizations should be able to perform assessments needs of the types of training needed, create the content of the training and find the best means of delivering training to its employees. Different organizations conduct different training and development programs to their employees according available resources at their disposal and requirements. Employee training may be provided in computer laboratory,classrooms or on site production facilities. An organization should also be able to help employees maintain and improve their job skills and prepare for jobs that require greater skill for an increased competion in the market place.

Conclusion

Extensive training and development programs are vital for an organization aiming at improving and enhancing its competative nature in the market place since they help employees and the organization as a whole to cope up with the changes in technology and diversity within it.

Works Cited.

Golding, N. “Strategic Human Resource Management “ 2010

Pfeffer, J. “Competitive advantage through people” 1994 Harvard Business School Press.

Armstrong, Michael.” A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice “ 2006 London.

Bacon, N,;Ackers, P;Coates, D “ The International Journal of Human Resource Management”.2004.

A Comparative Analysis of National and Regional Quality Awards

Name:

ID Number:

Course Title:

Article Title:

Date of Submission:

Date of Received Feedback:

A Comparative Analysis of National and Regional Quality Awards

Summary

The 1980s is when quality as a majority of organizations knew it changed; many countries turned to it in order to be the best in the market. As a result, a lot of implementations of quality strategic structures and many measures were taken by organizations to cope up with competition. However, the change was not entirely new since quality award programs were already being continuously implemented in some countries. The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award was formed in America at that time; it objectively provided a model that reflected improvement and understanding of quality management. In 1988, major companies in Europe formed European Quality Award, which was a regional award that involved 16 countries, unlike other awards. Continuous analysis of feedbacks from applicants and constant adjustment made its quality improve (Vokurka, Standing, & Brazeal, 2000). And in Australia, Australian Quality Award was formed in 1993. It measures quality performance in seven criteria categories that have a big effect on quality of products. Earlier, Japan had formed Deming Award in 1951. The awards evaluation included 10 equally weighed points that each applicant must address. Lastly, there is the Canadian Quality Award; it originated in 1984 and revised in 1989; It relies on a continuous improvement guide named The Road to Excellence (Vokurka, Standing, & Brazeal, 2000).

Key Learning Points

As I went through the quality awards and familiarized myself with them, I personally gathered certain key points. Starting with the Australian Quality Award and the Canadian version, I saw how Canadian organizations were encouraged positively by the National Quality Institute by honoring them with the reward due to continuous practice of quality improvement. In the Australian Quality Award, they had seven categories of criteria namely leadership, people, information, analysis, strategy, policy and planning categories. This had a great link between the people and leadership. The Singapore’s Deming Award is really encouraging in the context where private and public organizations are honored for their success in the implementation of quality control activities. The Deming Award, furthermore, does not provide a framework model for prioritizing and organizing criteria like other awards but it has in its evaluation 10 equally weighted points that must be addressed by each applicant. The points include: standardization, assurance, policies, effects, human resource, organization, information, maintenance, improvement and future plans. Performance is judged by the expert panel using these points.

Relevant Statements to the Article

Suppliers: Organizations must invest in the relationship they have with their suppliers in order to receive proper quality services.

Customers: customer satisfaction is achieved through knowing their needs, requirements, demands and provision of good services.

Leadership: Leaders offer supervision, organization and manage all company affairs.

Processes: Quality of products is of paramount importance, hence identification, designing and processing activities should receive proper attention.

Planning: In each award planning was essential to become the best in one’s field, so many measures were put in place after a thorough discussion among members.

Employees: The employees play a major role in an organization, hence motivation and training of employees are dually encouraged.

Results: Results depend on all the following sectors: employees, customers, production, organizational performance, human resource, stakeholders and all the aspects of the organization.

Critical Analysis

Planning is the approach I may support and value above all. I would adopt good plan measures concerning all aspects of performance: leadership, processes, suppliers, good customer services, employees wellbeing. The results, hence, will be superb. There must be a well-developed plan to come up with all those strategy and working structures that boost performance. A company might have good products, leaders, suppliers, loyal customers but, without having a sound plan, all those may vanishing. Leaders should provide their employees with guidelines on how to deal with all aspects of the organization; they should inform suppliers on current customer needs; they should discuss terms of employment and devise expected results. Setting achievable goals, conducting quality control and management lead to excellence. Planning is so much essential since prior preparation prevents poor performance.

Practical Implications

In my planning, I will start with the structure of leadership, analyzing it from management to supervisors; such actions will encourage the chain of command. The plan will discuss the employees’ terms of work and salaries. I will discuss with my suppliers the best ways to satisfy my customers and provide quality products. The organization’s board of directors will devise a plan including all these aspects; further on, all these implementations should be followed without alteration.

Learning Reflections

I have learned that quality is all any organization needs to be successful; quality products and services improve customer satisfaction, sales and reputation. For this to be attained there must be an understanding among all sectors of the organization and not just the main ones. Leaders, stakeholders, suppliers and customers all play a major role in attaining excellent overall results; their needs have to be discussed and their interests addressed for company activities to run smoothly.

References

Vokurka, R. J., Standing, G. L., & Brazeal, J. (2000). A comparative analysis of national and regional quality awards. Quality Progress.

J. V.

and the life expectancy is shortened due to hepatitis C. But what are some of the key statistics that give a glimpse into how this disease affects American society? Hepatitis C is on the rise

000 cases in North America and Europe just ten years ago. But the number of people infected with Hepatitis C has increased dramatically over the last decade. There are now over 250

2021). The kicker is that most cases could be cured if diagnosed early because the cost of treatment is so inexpensive compared to Hepatitis B and C. This is also indicated in the article by Lazarus