MOVIE review In the Man of Steel movie

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In the Man of Steel movie, 2013, the plot portrays the entanglement of human capabilities and superpowers. A young person, Kal-El, learns of his extreme powers and discovers that he has never belonged to the earth. As a young man, he goes to a peculiar journey in order to uncover his belonging. In the event of this search, he realizes that his heritage entangles between the earth and the space. As a result, he utilizes extreme powers towards values that his parents endowed. In the whole of the movie, Kal-El strives to balance his earthly identity with his superpower mien.

To begin with, the man of steel resides in a lone and dark place that is referred to as Fortress of Solitude. In the case of Winnie, being a lone kind is an interesting idea. When the entire planet blows up and one’s parents die after birth, being the last of a generation becomes a peculiar thing. In this perspective, Superman does an unfamiliar thing when he uncovers his identity. He goes to a sterile and a creepy place that is off the earth planet. In the weird place, Kal-El’s friends are holograms who have sprung from the past. It is a peculiar idea that Kal-El strives to balance his earthly living place and the space upon which he interacts with his previously concealed side. In the cave, he interacts with aliens that possess equally extreme powers.

In addition, Superman strives to contend with the idea he cannot improve. At his birth, he shares extreme powers that possess limited capacity for improvement. This is the reason his powers does not excite as an individual. Superman needs to be like other human beings who strive towards perfection. By realizing his imperfection, he cannot easily interact with other children who fancy such powers. This leads him towards a secrecy that he only reveals to one of his friends. By possessing extreme qualities, he lets down his friends because he cannot grow as them.

Superman also strives to contend with the idea that he cannot settle with any individual. Superman has friends who have normal girlfriends. The strange idea is that the girls are normal human beings who might fear the powers of an extreme individual such as Kal-El. Superman cannot hold a normal relationship because his attempts make him sit on snow, while bleeding and crying.

Superman’s character swings between a soft-speaking individual and a strong person who expresses extreme powers. This suggests that the character is inherently dark. As an alien, he strives to integrate his dark background with the humanly ideals that his parents instill. Kal-El also strives to remain obedient while he secretly possesses alien powers that he does not expect to intimidate his earthly parents with the same. Striving to hide under a clam exterior is an exasperating experience that splits Kal-El between two personalities.

According to the background of Kal-El, he is supposed to a beastly character that endangers the human population. He, however, reconciles this idea by opting to save his planet. While Zod belongs to the original race of Kal-El, the superman judges him by his character. Having realized that Zod devoured and destroyed his parentage, he is bound to exterminate him and prevent his powers from suppressing the human population. This is a difficult task that involves reconciling his two extreme parts into a useful personality.

Advantages and disadvantages of celebrity endorsement of celebrity in marketing

Advantages and disadvantages of celebrity endorsement of celebrity in marketing

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Golf champion and superstar Tiger Woods has been a sports icon for many years through his great reputation in the field. He has been the celebrity marketer for sports and Shoe Company known as NIKE. Since the year 1996, Tiger Woods has been the NIKE celebrity endorser and year by year he has still been able to maintain that position (Egan, 2008). The company’s manager states that the company is humbled and thrilled to still be in partnership with Tiger Woods, who has been the company’s product promoter for years, through a contract that was signed recently. Despite his marriage issues that went public in the year 2009, NIKE stood by him and as long as he kept winning on the course, his portfolio regained its stature with time. Around that period many companies distanced themselves from Woods but experts had predicted that his reputation would go back to normal with time. Currently companies such as EA sports and Rolex are seeking for contracts with him so as to market their products. Many retail companies use celebrities to promote their products with the main reason being to earn trust and credibility of products and services. The main objective of any business is to make a profit and this is only achieved through the maximum sale of products and attracting of customers (Egan, 2008). This therefore raises concern within the business marketing sector, is it advantageous for the company or disadvantageous to have a celebrity market their products or services? Below are the advantages and disadvantages of using a celebrity as an endorsement to the company’s products.

Advantages

It will help build product credibility

When a company starts producing a new product, the use of a celebrity to promote those products helps build trust between the company and the customers. If the market for a certain product believes in a certain celebrity the highest probability is that they will trust in the product the celebrity is endorsing. When NIKE signed a contract with Tiger Woods to promote their sportswear, the company’s product which includes caps, T-shirts, bands, shoes, and track suits; the products earned the trust of many athletes from different categories of sports including tennis, athletics, and basket-ball (Koekemoer, 2004). When potential buyers of a product see a certain celebrity using a specific product, they believe that the product is of high quality and when they use it they perceive to be as important as the celebrity if they idolize him or her.

It can help a company recover its image

In several occasions a company may lose its credibility in the market due to various company flaws. However, by the use of a celebrity to promote its products a company can get back on its feet once again. For example, a company may be involved in legal issues or bankruptcy which may lead to loss of customers and their faith in the company; with the use of a celebrity to promote the product the company is able to build its rapport. Finally it is able to attract its customers back and attract more.

Helps compensate on innovation

An entrepreneur may lack the ideas to add quality to his or her product but through advertisement and celebrity endorsement, the product gains credibility in the market. For example, several sports companies sell and produce the same products NIKE does and this causes high competition between NIKE and other companies. However, through the use of sports celebrities such as Tiger Woods and Michael Jordan the company has managed to outstand in the market share; their products are mostly used because the customers identify the company with these celebrities (Smart, 2005).

It helps in delivering the message to the public

Advertisement is the only major way a company can promote its products or services. This activity involves letting the audience know the name of the product, what it is, what it is used for and also gives information on the benefits of using that product. How this information is conveyed to the public determines if message has been delivered or not. Through the use of an idolized celebrity in advertisement of the product high chances are the audience will take interest on the product. When NIKE uses tennis champion Vanessa Williams to advertise their rackets and sportswear the audience gets attracted to the product and they want to try it out. The customers will buy the products in order to see whether what they have learnt about the product is true. This signifies that the message was received by the customers.

The above points are advantages of using a celebrity in promoting products, but on the other hand several disadvantages come with the use of celebrities in product marketing. These include;

The image of the company may be ruined if the celebrity’s image is.

The reputation of a company may be destroyed as a result of celebrity scandals. When Tiger Woods was involved with several sex scandals and cases of infidelity, his reputation changed for the worst and many people viewed him negatively. Other companies such as General Motors and Gillette withdrew from him but NIKE stuck with him. They faced consequences because customers withdrew from buying their products and the public viewed them negatively. Through such instances the use of a celebrity becomes a disadvantage to the company and the consequences pose a great threat to the company.

The popularity of the celebrity may cause trust issues with customers.

At the height of his popularity and fame due to golf, Tiger Woods had signed up for several product endorsements for many companies (McDonald, 2002). The public may see this as just a way for the celebrity to make money and the credibility of the product may suffer due to this; customers may doubt the quality of the product and this would be bad for business. Through this, the use of a celebrity may have a negative impact on the product market as it may lead to customers refraining from the use of the product.

The celebrity may overshadow the product.

When a celebrity features in several advertisements involving different products, the audience may get carried away and forget the main thing, which is the product, and focus only on the celebrity. For example, when Tiger Woods takes part in the advertisement of NIKE’s products, General Motors, Rolex, and Gillette; the audience gets lost and forgets what products are being promoted and focus on the celebrity only because that is the only constant feature (McDonald, 2002). Through this loss of information about the product’s name and its use leads to poor performance in the market.

When a company decides to involve a celebrity in its advertisements and in product or service marketing, there is a greater advantage to it than disadvantage. However, despite having minimal disadvantages they still have a great impact on the product or service. As a company it is recommended that certain aspects should be examined before signing up for celebrity endorsement of products.

References

Egan, J. (2008). Marketing communications. London: Thomson.

Koekemoer, L., & Bird, S. (2004).Marketing communications. Lansdowne, South Africa: Juta Academic.

Smart, B. (2005). The sport star modern sport and the cultural economy of sporting celebrity. London: SAGE.

 McDonald, D., (2002). “An examination on multiple celebrity endorsers in advertising”, Journal of Product & Brand management, Vol. 11, No.1, pp. 19-29. 

Changes in Breathing Patterns During Exercise

Changes in Breathing Patterns During Exercise

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Changes in Breathing Patterns During Exercise

Exercise is part of daily life as every physical activity, from planned sports, exercise training, and hobbies such as walking and cycling to daily activities such as cleaning and gardening, count as exercise (Banerjee, 2022). Exercise alters breathing patterns, respiratory rate, and tidal volume in an individual. According to Lu et al. (2020), breathing patterns and timing differ from one exercise to the other. Most breathing patterns are based on regulating the pressure build-u during inhalation, while the other patterns are aimed at maximizing oxygen uptake by the body when exercising. This paper discusses the changes in breathing patterns that occur when exercising.

When the body is at rest, the breathing pattern is 500mL per breath, 12 breaths per minute, and ventilation of 6 L/min (Hallett et al., 2018). Also, inhalation happens for one to one and a half minutes and exhalation for one and a half to two seconds. In between, there is an automatic pause of almost no breathing that takes one to two seconds. This breathing pattern is known as Eupnea. Exercising changes breathing patterns from Eupnea to hyperpnea. The breathing pattern changes when one starts an exercise to hyperpnea. Hypernea entails breathing more deeply in order to increase air volume to meet the body’s metabolic needs. Usually, hyperpnea may or may not involve a change in breathing frequency. Usually, when one is exercising, the muscles work harder, and the body utilizes more oxygen and releases more carbon dioxide. In order to cope with this increased oxygen demand, an individual breathing rate increases from 12-15 breaths per minute when at rest to about 40-60 breaths when exercising. Also, the speed of air circulation increases so that the body takes up more oxygen to the muscles to keep them moving. Breathing patterns during exercise can be affected by other factors that impair respiratory function, resulting in a pattern of quick and shallow breathing.

Although exercising causes changes in breathing patterns, it is important to note that breathing patterns differ with different exercises. The pattern breathing for runners has been found to be different. They tend where to breathe with patterns of steps, both for inhaling and exhaling. The logic is that the movement of the body and respiratory organs is timed. The breathing is also different with variations in gender. When comparing the body dimensions, males during exercise have been found to have higher resting breathing patterns than females (Cory et al., 2015).

References

Banerjee, M. (2022). Effect of Exercise on Respiratory Rate among College Going Females Having Different Body Composition. American Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing, 2(1), 25–28.

Cory, J. M., Schaeffer, M. R., Wilkie, S. S., Ramsook, A. H., Puyat, J. H., Arbour, B., … & Guenette, J. A. (2015). Sex differences in the intensity and qualitative dimensions of exertional dyspnea in physically active young adults. Journal of Applied Physiology, 119(9), 998-1006. https://doi.org/10.1152%2Fjapplphysiol.00520.2015Lu, Y., Li, P., Li, N., Wang, Z., Li, J., Liu, X., & Wu, W. (2020). Effects of home-based breathing exercises in subjects with COPD. Respiratory care, 65(3), 377-387. https://doi.org/10.4187/respcare.07121Hallett, S., Toro, F., & Ashurst, J. V. (2018). Physiology, tidal volume.

Change Management Intervention Proposal

Change Management Intervention Proposal

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Change Management Intervention Proposal

Background

American Building Company (ABC) Steel Company is located in Houston Texas in the United States. The company deals with steel making. It is worth noting that the company has operated its businesses for more than 70 years. The company was founded in 1947 as Steel Builders Inc. and renamed ABC in 1964. The company is among the leaders in technology, longevity, quality steel buildings, and design. The company has employed more than 335 employees. ABS steel is the largest and most experienced manufacturers of custom metal building systems. The company is able to service customers in North America and beyond because of its authorized builder network. These have been one of the advantages of American Building Company. The company has grown over years because of entrepreneurial drive and culture.

Globally, the company is a leader in steel technology, which continues to give them an advantage over other competitors. Within the building industry, the systems, engineer works, and the metal building has proved to be sustainable. ABC Steel is a company that has expanded the builder network and has over 1,000 design-build contractors. Their services extend across the Caribbean, the United States, and Canada. However, the company tends to have failed to meet various targets and objectives because of workforce-related problems and production backlogs. It means that the departments in the organization need to improve and the problem solved. The proposal is a streamlined focus on American Building Company Steel and identifies various areas that need improvements to meet its consumer needs.

Organization challenge

Human resource is one of the critical components in every organization. ABC Steel seems to be having problems with the various operations in a different department, which are linked to professionalism. For example, there are issues that tend to hinder the success of the organization and need to be corrected. For example, the professionalism-related issues include disciplinary problems of employees in the company and shortage of skilled manpower within the various departments and areas of operations. There is a need to implement various changes that will enhance the human resource component in the organization. The human resource improvement will go a long way in improving customer services and production processes (López-Cabrales, & Valle-Cabrera, 2019).

The market continues to be competitive, while means that the company should be up to date in its operations. The company has numerous projects as it continues to expand its operations and design development. One of the projects is the Lead Generation strategy, which is aimed at enhancing substantial growth in the company. Other projects include panel selection charts, custom steel building, as well as panel profiles. Lack of professionalism could adversely affect the operations and lead to failure in numerous internal projects. On the same note, poor customer service tends to reduce customer loyalty, which is one of the threats the company is facing at the moment. To improve, the company need to enhance professionalism and improve their human resource. Analytically, the ongoing projects and expansion will affect every department at ABC Steel.

The critical part to improve is customer relationship management. It is because they are the key stakeholders who are in contact with customers. The approach that they will use in handling the customers should be professional. Lack of professionalism will continue to threaten the company because the customer loyalty base will decrease. It is unfortunate for the company to face decreased customer loyalty because of a lack of professionalism in customer relationship management. The company is supposed to combine its strategies, policies, as well as technologies to analyze and manage customer interaction. Customer retention is a key component of customer relationship management. Customer feedback is a critical tool that will make the customers understand their needs and problems. Customer satisfaction can be achieved by interacting with the customer through email, telephone, website, and other communication platforms used by the company (Cummings, & Worley, 2019).

In this case, answering customer’s questions and responding to customer complaints should be professional. It means that the company should implement changes in customer approach in feedback, complaints, and questions. There are several issues that the organization needs to undertake to solve the problem, which include employee empowerment, training, reorientation in relation to changes, and provision of consistent support.

The magnitude of the problem is bigger at ABC Steel and requires an urgent response. There is a need to improve customer relationship management to ensure employees are comfortable and confident when approaching the customers. The changes and solving the problem will enhance production in the company and make the company enjoy a competitive advantage in the steel industry. The customer will be able to receive immediate assistance and response.

Change agents and stakeholders involved

The change agents involved play a key role in determining the outcomes and success of the project. One of the key stakeholders in the organization and change agents in the consultants. As a consultant in change management intervention, ABC Steel needs my expertise and understanding. Also, the intervention that has been selected focus on key stakeholders of the company. The change agents and stakeholders include the customers and the staff at the departments (López-Cabrales, & Valle-Cabrera, 2019). These stakeholders are key to the human resource component in the organization. The intervention strategy will not happen if the stakeholders are not part of it. For professionalism to be achieved at ABC Steel, employees should be trained on the best way to approach the customers. Also, the customers are important in the change process because of their feedback. They should feel part of the change process. Customer relationship management is achievable with the support of the above-mentioned change agents and stakeholders.

Proposal change model

The change model has democratic and fundamental values that promote the development and growth of people in the organization. Analytically, the issues of change in the organization are linked to human resources at ABC Steel. The improvement in the organization is guided by the change model. There are four major theories of organizational change that can be applied to the ABC Steel proposal. These models include the positive model, continuous change model, action research model, and three-step change model (Cummings, & Worley, 2019). The continuous change model is applicable in the case of ABC Steel. The model is a response to how the organizations need to adapt to the current environment. The problem of professionalism and customer satisfaction is a result of applying traditional strategies and a lack of current skills. Through the model, it is possible to comprehend the company problem and provide solutions. The organization needs to prioritize and coordinate the changes in relation to professionalism. Also, the change requires resources and time, which are come of the key components under the continuous model of change. The model address the dynamic change requirements in the company (Cummings, & Worley, 2019). The first step under the model is discovering, which brings together all the stakeholders in solving the problem. It is important for all agents to comprehend the challenges and trends that the organization can face in the future. At this step, the organization can adapt and implement changes.

Designing is the second change activity that the company should undertake. It entails understanding the organization’s design elements, strengths, and weaknesses of various strategies applied by the company. The interventions are key change initiatives, which include training of staff members at ABC Steel. The model focuses on the present diagnostic focus and the future-oriented visionary focus. The continuous change model applies tailoring as the activities to be applied. ABC Steel will focus on customizing activities through pieces of training and good communication. The organization is changing but there is a need to coordinate and assemble all the activities. The final activity is assessing the process of change. There are necessary adjustments that ABC Steel need to make under the proposed changes. The assessment entails feedback from the customers and surveying of stake does to determine their judgment and support. The support of stakeholders and agents of change is important. The application of the continuous change model in solving the problem will have better outcomes over time (Cummings, & Worley, 2019). The organization has the opportunity to change in various ways and learn how to change continually.

Proposed diagnostic model

Diagnosing is s stage on planned change that focuses on understanding organizations’ problems and positive attributes. The diagnostic model for analyzing problems involves various activities that are crucial to organizational development (Cummings, & Worley, 2019). ABC Steel needs to choose the best diagnostic model for understanding the organization and analyzing feedback information from the stakeholders, who are majorly the customers in this case. Open System Model is the best for ABC Steel. The model is beneficial because it recognizes that the organization is a large environment that several stakeholders interact. The model focuses on the environment, which entails the inputs, transformations, and outputs. The diagnosis of the organization focuses on the organizational level, group level, and individual level. The group-level diagnosis is critical in this case because the proposal involves several stakeholders working together. There are inputs, design components, outputs, and rational fits for the diagnostic model (Cummings, & Worley, 2019). Culture and design are crucial components under the diagnostic model. The use of this model will ensure that processes, human resource systems, and management processes are embedded in solving the problem at the company. The design components are crucial because they will focus on the goal clarity, task structure, performance norms, team functioning, and group composition (Cummings, & Worley, 2019). All these components are relevant in solving the problem at ABC Steel. Analytically, ABC Steel requires training, empowerment, and development of employees. The design plan focuses on the training of employees in different departments under customer relationship management. The process should be continuous, which is achieved by hiring experts who can train employees on the various components of customer satisfaction and interaction. Immediately after the hiring process, all employees should be trained. The training modules should be updated to meet the current human resource needs and the dynamic nature of consumer behavior. The design plan will be streamlined towards individual and group models. The group and individual strategies are meant to improve the s functional nature of all the departments. CRMs under the group model empower employees in the decision-making process.

Plan for implementing change

Implementing change is crucial in ensuring that the results and goals are achieved. If the plan is not implemented then it will never be realized (Wilton, 2016). ABC Steal needs to implement the proposed changes to achieve its goals and objectives. As the consultant of that company, it is critical to update the training modules to align with the current employee needs. Since the problem entails professionalism, the human resource should be improved. Data collection and analysis are key at the company. The process of collecting data will be through observation. How the employees approach and communicate to customers can be observed and recommendations made. The emails will provide more information on questions that customers ask. As a consultant, quarterly meetings and meetings when the need arises will be part of ABC Steel operations. The training will CRMS operations and training will align with rising issues from the clients.

Conclusion

From the proposal, it is evident that ABC Steel is a Largent manufacturing company in the steel industry globally. It means that the company needs to maximize its opportunities and strengths to achieve a competitive advantage. The company is able to service customers in North America and beyond because of its authorized builder network. However, the company is facing a challenge with decreasing customer loyalty, which is attributed to a lack of professionalism. The proposal has looked through the customer response management department and the need to improve. All stakeholders should be involved in implementing change in the organization. The proposal will make the organization increase customer loyalty and productivity.

References

Cummings, T. G. & Worley, C. G. (2019). Organizational Development & Change (11th Ed.). California: Cengage Learning.

Johannsdottir, L., Olafsson, S. & Davidsdottir, B. (2015). “Leadership role and employee acceptance of change: Implementing environmental sustaimability strategies”, Journal of Organizational Change Management.

López-Cabrales, A., & Valle-Cabrera, R. (2019). Human resource management at the crossroads: Challenges and future directions. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Wilton, N. (2016). An introduction to human resource management. London: Sage.

Movie review Jane journey

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Movie review

Jane journey

Produced by Diamond Rocks, a movie production company in Germany, Jane’s Journey is an exciting documentary about a woman who loved and has adored nature all her life ever since she was a small child. Jane Goodall an affectionate, enthusiastic, warm hearted nature lover stars as the main character of this documentary. Born in April 3rd 1934, now a primatologist, anthropologist and UN peace messenger, she is considered the world’s foremost chimpanzee expert. She has studied about chimpanzees for the past 45 years and learnt about their social and family relations. She is also the founder of Jane Goodall Institute that helps in matters of environmental conservation an animal welfare.

The movie filmed by German filmmaker Lorenz Knauer, features Goodall’s iconic environmental conservation and her affection and goal towards aiding them. It also features Jane as a small child progressing to her teens in England. The film shows Jane’s humorous and playful attribute as she visited the Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania. There is a footage of her both as a child and mature with the chimpanzees, her love for them is quite overwhelming and it shows how amazing, friendly and intelligent they are. Being child she was born inspired by Tarzan (Goodall, 1999). Apart from Tanzania the film features her in various continents too.

Educative and giving reason as to why we should conserve our natural environment and take care of the creatures as well. The movie also reveals about love and taking care of everything inclusive of the needy in the society. We should show love and help people in the society. Jane Goodall gives the impression and the importance of taking care of wildlife, that animals just like us need care and love and above all to be understood. She has spread her knowledge through books and articles she has written.

Reference

Goodall, Jane (1999). Reason for Hope: A Spiritual Journey. New York: Warner Books.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Different Renewable Energy Sources

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Different Renewable Energy Sources

Contents

TOC o “1-3” h z u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc379208982 h 1Solar energy PAGEREF _Toc379208983 h 2Wind energy PAGEREF _Toc379208984 h 3Hydropower PAGEREF _Toc379208985 h 3Geothermal energy PAGEREF _Toc379208986 h 4Biomass energy PAGEREF _Toc379208987 h 5

Introduction

The environment is essential to the growth and sustainability of all living things. Human beings are at the top of the hierarchy making them the guardians of all resources present. Most of the livelihood is dependent on the resources acquired from the environment. This places an enormous amount of responsibility of human beings in terms of maintenance and preservation. Resources are ideal for the development of the environment. Over the years human beings have come up with various forms of exploiting resources so as to utilize their benefits. This has in turn placed a significant amount of pressure on the natural resources which continue to face depletion. Resources can be natural or manmade depending on its source. The demand for the use of the resources continues to increase due to the increase in population. Various parties have become greatly concerned about the sustainability of the environment. This has introduced the environmental debates that seek to look at better means consuming energy. The use of renewable resources is one of the possible solutions of to curb the current environmental issues faced to date. The analysis of the issue is thus ideal so as to discuss the merits and demerits that come with the trade (Chiras, 2007).

The focus of this paper is to provide an analysis of the renewable energy as an alternative source of energy. The paper looks at the different options available to man and their significance to the sustainability of the environment. The paper compares and contracts all the viewpoints of key arguments made in regard to the topic. This is summarized using a concluding paragraph that reflects on the contents of the topic at hand.

Renewable resources are resources that can be recycled with the main purpose of using the energy source in question in the future. These forms of energy are naturally occurring and are thus expected to last for a long period of time. Renewable resources have contrasting qualities to those of non renewable resources in that they are sustainable in the long run. Non renewable resources on the other hand face the risk of becoming extinct due their improper use. There are several forms of renewable resources known to man. These resources are use in all parts of the globe making them vital aspects of energy (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development & International Energy Agency, 2004).

Solar energySolar energy is derived from the sun making it one of the principle sources of energy. Solar energy is produces in the form of sunlight which plays a pivotal role I the growth of both plants and animals. The solar energy can be retrieved directly or indirectly from the sun depending use of the source. The sun as a source of energy has been developed to suite the modern age that comprises of industrial revolution globalization and urbanization. The suns heat is used for warming up cold surfaces and providing a warm environment. One of the developed available for exploiting solar energy is the solar panel. The use of the solar panel is used to attract the sun’s rays which in turn, convert into fuel that can be used as energy in the household. This form of energy can be used to cut down on use of gases that pollute the earth’s ecosystem (Schaeffer & Pratt, 2005).

The main advantage of solar as a source of renewable energy is its naturally occurring state that makes its production cheap. This form of energy can be exploited by all the countries in the globe making it a reliable source. It is also ideal for countries that lack the means of purchasing non renewable which is more expensive.

One of the disadvantages that are experienced from the consumption of solar energy is existence of the weather changes. The change in whether creates a vacuum in some locations which do not experience a particular season for a certain amount of time (Chiras, 2007).

Wind energy Like the term, wind energy is received from the activity of the wind which is a naturally occurring. The wind provides a different form of energy from that of the sun due to their distinctive features. The wind however works with the sun to produce some source of energy when both come into play. The creation of the wind mill changed the dynamics of acquiring wind energy in the environment. Wind mills and wind turbines are use to attract the blowing wind so as to produce grind grain and to produce electricity. These two mediums can be used as alternatives in areas such as factories and households.

An advantage of the wind mill is that it is a cheap and reliable form of energy when located in the right place. Trapping the wind is necessary for the exploitation of the energy source making the investment of the material essential. This has proved as a disadvantage in areas where investment requires a significantly large fee (Rajeshwar, McConnell, & Licht, 2008).

HydropowerHydropower is basically the use of large masses of water to produce energy. Water is life in that human beings cannot perform their daily routine without water. Apart from ensuring the livelihood of individuals, water can be used to produce hydro energy that is a powerful source of energy. The process of converting water into energy takes a while making it a consistent and natural routine. Water has the ability to evaporate in the presence of the sun. The evaporated air then rises into the atmosphere to form clouds. These clouds precipitate to form rain which falls back to the rivers, lakes and the oceans. The water in these water bodies move at a fast pace giving them the friction that turn the water wheels which turn the substance into energy.

An advantage of water is that it is readily available to man due to the presence of a variety of eater bodies and the activities such as rain. The highest percentage of the earth’s mass is made up of water. One would think that it is readily available. This contradicts the argument that water is cheap and easily available. Research shows that water is one of the most consumed sources of energy over the years. This stems from its significance in the households and as a source of food production. The demand for water is thus one the rise due to the rise in the population rates of some of the countries. Another factor which environmentalist’s motions is that the use of geothermal is threatened as a result of the extensive famine that is experienced in the sub-Saharan parts of Africa and the Middle Eastern part of the globe. These areas cannot exploit hydropower energy as a viable option making them subject to other forms of non renewable energy (Mason, Mor & NATO, 2009).

Geothermal energyGeothermal energy works hand in hand with hydro energy making them complement each other. Geothermal energy is produced from the heat of hot water which is converted into electricity and transferred to generators. This form of energy can be retrieved from drilling the surface of water reservoirs. This particular method requires an enormous investment and research so as to target the right location.

The use of geothermal energy is ideal for the exploiting catchment areas that are rich in water. It may however be unsuccessful if not well executed. This form of energy continues to gain recognition across the globe. It thus has a long way to go due to some of the demerits that come with its production (Jordan-Korte, 2011).

Biomass energyOne of the oldest sources of energy, biomass energy is recognized for its contribution to the early forms of development in the early civilizations. The different forms of biomass available are wood, decomposed waste of plants and animals. Wood continues to dominate as the number one choice of biomass energy. Biomass is use to create electricity and gas used in households and industries.

An advantage of using biomass is its ability to sustain a large community due to the amount of energy its produces. Despite this, biomass as a renewable form of energy causes a lot of controversy due to the destruction of the forest so as to create wood. When the wood is burn, it cannot be recycles making its use questionable in the long run (Craddock, 2008).

In conclusion, renewable energy has on several occasions been referred to as the future of the earth sustainability. Most of the sources are ideal for long term use making them reliable, credible and efficient. An enormous amount of research has been placed on this area of study. Reusable energy however has a long way to go before the globe fully adapts its use.

References

Chiras, D. D. (2007). The homeowner’s guide to renewable energy: Achieving energy independence through solar, wind, biomass and hydropower. Gabriola Island: New Society Publishers

Craddock, D. (2008). Renewable energy made easy: Free energy from solar, wind, hydropower, and other alternative energy sources. Ocala, Fla: Atlantic Pub. Group.Jordan-Korte, K. (2011). Government Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies: A Comparison of Promotion Instruments and National and International Renewable Energy Market Development in Germany, the United States and Japan. Wiesbaden: Betriebswirtschaftlicher Verlag Gabler.

Mason, M., Mor, A., & NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Enhancing Security in the Middle East Through Regional Cooperation on Renewable Energy (London). (2009). Renewable energy in the Middle East: Enhancing security through regional cooperation. Dordrecht: Springer

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., & International Energy Agency. (2004). Renewable energy: Market & policy trends in IEA countries. Paris: OECD/IEA.

Rajeshwar, K., McConnell, R. D., & Licht, S. (2008). Solar hydrogen generation: Toward a renewable energy future. New York, NY: Springer.

Schaeffer, J., & Pratt, D. (2005). Gaiam Real Goods solar living sourcebook: Your complete guide to renewable energy technologies and sustainable living. Ukiah, CA: Gaiam Real Goods.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Increased Citizen Participation

Advantages and Disadvantages of Increased Citizen Participation

Name

Course Title

Instructor’s name

Date

Advantages and Disadvantages of Increased Citizen Participation

Introduction

Citizen participation is the involvement of citizens in decision-making. In essence, participation pertains to power or observation, while citizens may either be organized groups or specific individuals. The term citizen participation emerged and denoted the remedial efforts of inactive citizens in government activity. Citizen involvement entails autonomous initiatives within larger society such as social action, social planning, or community development. Although citizen participation has significant effects on democracy, it also has its downside. This text discusses the advantages and disadvantages associated with increased citizen participation.

Advantages of Increased Citizen Participation

The first benefit of increased citizen participation is improved governance. Citizen participation breeds democratic legitimacy for various institutions due to its close association with citizens. It leads to more opportunities and a better reputation for public bodies. It also breeds increased accountability for public institutions as a result of better dialogue and effective information dissemination. Secondly, increased citizen participation is an opportunity for greater learning and capacity development. This is because it is an opportunity to raise awareness about and increase the citizens’ understanding of public institutions and how they function. This ensures that citizens have better access to the required services and understand the limitations and boundaries of various public bodies. This builds the citizens’ confidence and optimism, who in turn attend learning or civic activities. This way, members of the public are better placed to support community and voluntary sectors. Another advantage of increased citizen participation is increased social cohesion. Participation brings hostile and diverse communities together, which is beneficial as it reaches groups that are disadvantaged and hard to reach. These groups contribute the discussions and build relationships with different social groups and communities. These disadvantaged people become strengthened and enable them to create a diverse network. This way, various interest groups work together and build positive working relationships.

Disadvantages of Increased Citizen Participation

One of the downsides of increased citizen participation is that it tends to be cumbersome and can make the process of public policy unnecessarily lengthy. Important to note officials must gain the support of the community members early in the public participation process. Including community support too late in the process can cause strong opposition on a particular subject matter and once this takes place, there is no trust in the process which causes the damage of existing relationships and alienation by the public. Another disadvantage of increased citizen participation is that it leaves a possibility of one single faction or individual dominating the entire group. Making plans for the group is only as good as the entire group. Any recommendation must be a group decision and not the voice of one single individual or the loudest person in the group. Other disadvantages of increased citizen participation have to do with the monetary costs associated with the process. Public participation can be costly as it requires lots of resources to make it a success. This includes paid and unpaid staff time, participants’ fees, staff expenditures, external consultants, venue hire, administration and staff training, and other event expenditures such as leaflets, monitoring, evaluation fees, equipment, and refreshment fees.

Conclusion

In closing, citizen participation has to do with the increased involvement of citizens in decision-making, social action, and community development activities. Increased citizen participation has benefits such as greater social cohesion, better governance, and better learning and capacity building. Disadvantages have to do with increased monetary costs, domination by one group and lengthy and cumbersome public policy process.

Bibliography

Ianniello, Mario, Silvia Iacuzzi, Paolo Fedele, and Luca Brusati. “Obstacles and solutions on the ladder of citizen participation: a systematic review.” Public management review 21, no. 1 (2019): 21-46.

Movie Reaction Paper to include Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Plan

Movie Reaction Paper to include: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Plan

Select a movie from the below list and write a reaction and create a clinical assessment with diagnosis and treatment plan for the character with a substance use disorder.

The first page: Your impressions of the movie related to addictions, interventions, stigmas, and/or recovery.

The remaining pages: Have one of the movie characters be your client and demonstrate that you can screen for substance abuse, aggression, danger to self/others & co-occurring; identify the stage of dependence, change, and or recovery; determine an initial treatment plan, and identify the initial counseling strategies you will use. You will write this as you would in your case file to demonstrate you can apply current record-keeping standards when working with client with addiction and co-occurring challenges (or a family member affected).

Evaluation Criteria for this assignment includes demonstrating an ability and willingness to critically evaluate how the media presents addictions and how a media experience might influence theory, attitude and/or interventions in addictions in the general public.

This paper should include information regarding screening and assessment inventories,

-a bio-psycho-social assessment of the client, including spirituality and multicultural issues

-a complete mental status exam,

-a DSM diagnosis

-ASAM assessment criteria used to determine level of care (can be found online),

-and a treatment plan addressing co-occurring disorders, with attention to the role of spirituality, family, social networks, and community systems in the treatment and recovery process, including appropriate individual, group,

self-help, and family intervention strategies.

Movie Ideas

The Fighter

Leaving Las Vegas

When a Man Loves a Woman

Crazy Heart

Country Strong

Less

Than Zero

Thirteen

28 Days

Flight

Traffic

Requiem for a Dream

Spun

Limitless

Walk the Line

Ray

Compile your reactions into a 4-6 page paper.

Changes in the Attitudes

Student’s name

Tutor

Course

Date

Changes in the Attitudes and Treatment of the Elderly

The key changes that I anticipate will occur in attitudes towards the elderly between now and the time when I am 80 years old are positive interaction between younger and older people, improved understanding of the elderly people, and the development of technology that enables older people to live independently (Richardson 903).

The first change I anticipate is that interaction between younger and older people will be more positive. This is because young people will choose to work with older people as an option instead of only choosing to work with each other. The second change I anticipate is an improved understanding of the elderly by young people, which can result in better interactions, much greater compassion for those who are marginalized (elderly), and a more empathetic approach when working together on projects or tasks (Richardson 904).

Moreover, the development of technology will make older people more independent. This is because technology will allow older people to communicate with each other through messaging and communication devices such as smartphones, making it much easier to communicate with others. This means that matters such as money and living arrangements can be easily discussed and plans made. Also, technology makes it possible for individuals to locate their loved ones anywhere in the world, which means that they can visit their family and friends more easily. There are also other possibilities that could come about in the future (e.g. a robot that helps older people become independent or a time machine) that could make these changes more likely to occur (Gnambs 55).

In terms of what I anticipate will still be important when I turn 80, my own independence is something I value greatly and would like to continue to do so during this period of time. Also, it is a topic of interest for me to find ways to communicate with non-English speaking people so that they can better communicate not only with me but also with each other in their native language.

On the other hand, the key change that will occur in the treatment of the elderly between now and the time when I am 80 years old is that there will be an improvement in the fulfillment of the psychological needs of the elderly (Simonetti 11). This improvement will be realized when young people are able to understand the elderly better, through improved communication between them.

Today, older people are often neglected by younger generations and by society in general and often face discrimination when getting jobs or going to the database. By understanding their situation, we can create the conditions for them to have fairer treatment (Simonetti 11). As a society, we should be more aware of what is going on in this sector and ask ourselves: why are there so many questions about the aging population? There is a lack of information on older people ourselves that could explain this phenomenon. In my opinion, it’s not because by default there is no interest; it’s because society does not know how to deal with it.

Works Cited

Gnambs, Timo, and Markus Appel. “Are robots becoming unpopular? Changes in attitudes towards autonomous robotic systems in Europe.” Computers in Human Behavior 93 (2019): 53-61.

Richardson, Sarah J., et al. “Research with older people in a world with COVID-19: identification of current and future priorities, challenges and opportunities.” Age and ageing 49.6 (2020): 901-906.

Simonetti, Alessio, et al. “Neuropsychiatric symptoms in elderly with dementia during COVID-19 pandemic: definition, treatment, and future directions.” Frontiers in psychiatry 11 (2020): 579842.

Change Model.

Safe Patient Staffing Ratio

Name of Student

Institutional Affiliation

Change Model.

In the previous paper, it highlighted the proposed organizational structure change that will include the chief executive officer, a member of hospital management, doctor, nurse manager, and a nurse. Information was to flow from high cadre to the lower cadre. Change cannot just happen; it only occurs in the proper procedure; thus, in the system changes, Lewin’s Change Model will be considered. Kaminski (2011) notes that Lewin proposed three stages that can be used to achieve the desired change. The unfreezing, changing, and refreezing are the three change stages that should be followed to establish the new order. All factors in the three steps should be taken into consideration for change to be effective.

To begin with, unfreezing is necessary for any change to occur. In the hospital setting, just like any other organization, employees and employers have a norm that has become part of their culture. To institute management and information flow change, both the employees and employers should be enlightened on the need for change. In most cases, change is rejected since it threatens the existing order and norms, which is uncomfortable with nurses and hospital management. Therefore, there is a need that the hospital management and the nurses should be informed on the need to change as well as the flaws of the current order. The benefits of the new change should as well be told to them. In this first stage, the proposed changes may have not occurred, but the nurses and the hospital management are aware of impending changes. Thus they psychologically become ready. Change is needed as hospitals are profit-making organizations; therefore, they need to reinvent to keep up with market demands to offer better health care services and safety to the patients. By knowing about change, the nurses and hospital management become aware and feel the need for change.

Secondly, changing is the stage that the new order is to be established. In the transition stage, the new reality dawns on the hospital staff, and they struggle to adapt to the original order. This stage is characterized by a fear of unknown and uncertainty of what the new reality holds upon them. The nurses and hospital management begin to learn new behaviors, mannerisms, and ways of operation. For instance, in the proposed management changes, the dissemination of information will follow a different order that is systematic. Thus the nurse(s) will have to learn new ways of channelling their communications. The hospital management will as well hire enough nurses given they had prepared. This may affect the nurses positively since their workload will be minimized, and in turn, they will offer safety and better health care according to Koren (2010). In order for the change to be realized, the hospital management can organize for proper communication by expertise, education on the move in progress, give ample time that the hospital staff can process change, and support the team to embrace the new order. The hospital staff should be well versed with reasons for change and the benefits once implementation is concluded.

Furthermore, refreezing cement the new order after the change. This stage should be carefully handled so that the hospital staff may not go back to their old order. The unique culture should be supported and maintained by the hospital staff wholesomely. The hospital staff should be reinforced whenever they try to keep the new status quo since a positively reinforced behavior is likely to be repeated. This stage determines the success of the change process due to how it is handled. The nurses will have to be motivated through monetary gifts and humane treatment so that the management can help maintain the new order. The administration should as well recognized for its efforts to increase nurse to patient ratio.

The understaffing in the hospital, especially in the med/ surgical ward, has reduced the efficiency of better and safe healthcare. This issue should be looked into so that hospitals can ensure patients’ needs are well taken care of and nurses to be given a manageable workload. The hospital management should look to employ more nurses and improve the way of communication by centralizing it. Through centralization, the nurses will know the center of the command and the origin of the information. The nursing literatures exposed some of the fatalities the hospital is likely to experience in the event of understaffing—issues such as medical errors, overworking by nurses, and high mortality rate when the hospital is understaffed. Lewin’s change model will be instrumental in instigating changes. For instance, the hospital management should be prepared to allocate funds to hire more nurses and also change the structure of communication in the hospital.

Change is never easily accepted. However, it should occur in order for safer and better health care for patients. The nurse being used to the already existing plan may be adamant to accept the new changes. The hospital management as well may not want to employ more nurses as it may wish to keep the profits as it exploits the existing nursing staff. To sustain the changes, the hospital may reward those who embrace and try to conform to the new changes. The management should educate its staff on the need to change, and this should be done either after two weeks so that the team is constantly reminded. The administration should endeavor to set aside funds each financial year to employ more nurses so that they can meet the recommended nurse-patient ratio.

References.

Kaminski, J. (2011). Theory applied to informatics-Lewin’s change theory. Canadian Journal of Nursing Informatics, 6(1).

Koren, M. J. (2010). Person-centered care for nursing home residents: The culture-change movement. Health Affairs, 29(2), 312-317.