Uncategorized – Page 53 – Julliethewriter

Movie Analysis

Student’s Name

Institution Affiliation

Movie Analysis

Introduction

American revolution refers to a period during which British colonists in the United States rebelled against the requirements of the Great Britain. Many battles were fought during this period and led to the development of the United States. The revolutionary war was started in an attempt for rebels to gain their independence from England and lasted from 1775 to 1983. The group created a republic that was separate from the monarchical rule and differentiated themselves from the rest. In a bid to explain the American revolutionary, this study will analyze various movies among them being Hamilton, The Patriot, The Book of Heroes, and Drums Along the Mohawk.

The Book of The Negroes

The first set of this series follows through the life of Aminata Diallo (Aunjanue Ellis) who was abducted from Mali in 1706. This part has been powered by deep and moving performances by the young Shailyn Pierre Dixon, an 11-year-old girl playing the role of Aminata. The scenes showcase how the protagonist got captured and underwent strange experiences on her way to th American slavery (Icflix, 2015). The film was given a horrible beauty and sharp-focus dreaminess with diminished elucidation. Although one can feel the girl’s pain as she gets tossed from one place to another, it is evident that the actual life of slavery was deeper and more painful than it is played.

As the film progresses, one can envision that the points are shown more explicitly and the characters are arched such as to represent their stories from a vivid perspective in relation to historical significance. The tone of production showcases, as well as the performances, have shown the injustice involved in slavery and the audacity of the involved parties to see themselves as tender people with just measures.

In a bid to bring the effects of the revolutionary period into action, the director employed a creative cast with Aminata Diallo as the protagonist. After being sold to Allan Hawco (Solomon Lindo), Aminata’s life changes for the better especially after meeting with her lover Chekura (Lyriq Bent). Other characters to note included Cuba Gooding Jr (Samuel Fraunces) who helps her to return home. The miniseries could not be a success without the participation of Ben Chaplin (John Clarkson) and the blind preacher Loius Gossett Jr. (Moses) who encouraged Aminata continuously to keep her head high amidst the struggles. Others included Jane Alexander (Maria Witherspoon), Greg Bryk (Robertson Appleby), and Stephan James (Cummings Shakspear), among others.

The director motive to bring the best character in a slave woman was a success following the flawless representation of her skills, beauty, sense of style, and wisdom. As a young girl, Aminata is a skilled midwife after helping her mother severally to on the delivery desk. After her abduction, she learned to write, read, and speak English, aspects that made her stand out from other slaves. She is showcased as a clever and rather fearless character who is filled with self-possession and self-knowledge, that has facilitated her ability to survive from the beginning to the end (Icflix, 2015). Although she gets thwarted by the unfriendly circumstances, Aminata does not get discouraged. After watching the series, I felt that Aminata’s character was well represented as one of the bravest people in the world; she traded slap for a slap and no person had the power to dictate what she could or could not do. She stated repeatedly that one should never give up and instead, should hold onto hope steadfastly in wait for a better day

Relevant themes showcased in this miniseries are love, conflicts, struggles, conflicts, and death. The theme of love has been showcased in Aminata’s love interest to Chekura (Lyriq Bent) who becomes her husband in the end. As the miniseries progresses to the fifth episode, Revolution starts in New York. At this, Aminata takes the chance to escape in Canvas Town which is a black neighbourhood. Aminata is respected as a midwife in this community and is admired for her wisdom and literacy. Her love story also gets rekindled as she reunites with her lover Chekura.

On photography, it is evident that the film was not taken with a crane shot but rather moving shots that gave the movie a rather subjective experience. Rather than having Aminata move with the camera, one can note clearly that the camera moved with her such as to cause the viewer to get tuned with her life. However, although Aminata is sad and dark, the director (Clement Virgo) made a successful attempt to showcase Aminata from a rather transcendental angle instead of a dark and miserable perspective by adopting a mixture of colour palettes.

Another visible endeavour from photography is that of intimacy. The movie managed to tell Aminata’s from an intimate perspective without making it appear as a mere spectacle. As such, the camera provided an intimate and subjective experience instead of swopping shots in order to create emotional and psychological experiences. Although the view was intended to show a story that was filled with brutality, the visuals and camerawork employed managed to cause the audience to feel the story with intensity rather than just from the brutal and horror perspective like the 12 Years of Slavery. In the first scenes, the movie has a rather naturalistic palette allowing the young Aminata to view the world from a rather rosy perspective.

The dressing has shown historical significance as the cast was dressed in an old-fashioned manner yet beautiful manner. Although Aminata is a slave, it is clear that her clothes are not messy and dirty, an aspect that set the viewer off since it is from the ordinary perception of a slave in the 1700s.

The struggle that the protagonist undergoes with her slave master, Robinson Appleby is evident in the struggle that slaves often endured in the south with their masters. The slave master insists that Aminata was legally his slave, an aspect that reminds me of the case of Dred Scott Vs. Sanford in 1857 following the Missouri Compromise (Icflix, 2015). Although Aminata manages to reunite with her husband Chekura and moves to Nova Scotia, her life has undergone a complicated and painful journey that can be likened to that of Eliza in the book, Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Stowe as she made attempts to escape with her husband George Harry.

This application can be applied successfully in the study of the American revolution by drawing comparison of the slavery amongst the Southerners and abolitionists by the Northerners. It is through such efforts that the United States managed to become a free state through the Civil war in 1963 (Icflix, 2015). Although the movie shows the painful brutality of the African-Americans, the attempts of people like Lawrence Hill to bring brutality on Africans to light has succeeded

Although the miniseries feels as though it was rushed, it was successful at showcasing the slavery in the South. Although this movie did not showcase the life of the slaves in a profound manner as Harriet Beecher Stowe’s book Uncle Tom’s Cabin, the miniseries was successful at addressing the painful history of slavery in the south. Additionally, the movie expanded the story beyond New York to Canada and Africa, providing a

Drums along the Mohawks

Drums Along the Mohawk is an American classic that was released in 1939 under the direction of John Ford. This is an American Revolution movie that is starred by Gilbert Martin as Henry Fonda and Claudette Colbert as his wife. Together, they have set their mind to establish their farm when the Revolutionary war starts. The Indians who are collaborating with the British burn their farms, an action that causes outrage amongst the citizens who gather at Fort Herkimer in a bid to fight for their lands (HD Retro Trailers, 2018). Although they return victorious, the group has many casualties. After a long period of peace on the farm working for Mrs McKlennar, the valley gets attacked again, changing the people’s lives significantly.

Ford’s aspect of composition is striking in this film which was his first technicolour piece of art. From the designs of the title credits, one can see homelike crocheted scenes that showcase Ford’s need to represent a domestic emphasis in the film. Lana is pictured in her new home before a fire with her back to the camera to show the dismay caused by the situation. At this, Gil the husband draws close to her and smiles at her as though to provide assurance that it shall be well and that he is the dominant partner. Following the attack by the Indians, Gil and Lina get a crib at Mrs McKlennar, where they are shown to face the fireplace, suggesting their equality as both are caught up and their powers are diminished.

One can also evidence a striking aspect of photography when Indians burn Mrs McKlennar’s farm and Gil reacts to the two drunken men. Martin is shown threshing in a long shot as smoke is seen billowing from the house, after which Gil reacts leading to another shot where we see Gil riding abruptly to the trouble. At this, one also realizes that Mrs McKlennar’s is infused with humour as she interacts with the two Indians as she persuades them to take her bed downstairs. Aspects of comedy are also evidenced when Rosenkrantz explains that there is nothing good that can be spoken of individuals from Massachusetts. Gil also becomes the main centre of attention during Lana’s lengthy birth process amid a group of drunken men.

Lana, a wealthy woman leaves her comforts in Albany, New York with Gil to a sparsely populated region in Mohawk Valley. After Indians raid the valley, Gil and Lana are aware that life is not for the weak and that they should work hard to protect themselves ((HD Retro Trailers, 2018). At this, Ford managed to showcase an accurate depiction of the frontier life such as neighbours gathering and square dances to assist in clearing the land, which is done in loving harmony, as God-fearing people. The community is happy and they do not suffer the loneliness that torments the settlers.

The theme of love, self-sacrifice, and endurance, is also showcased as Lana leaves her luxurious life and settles with Gil in the valley. Although she is initially hysterical, she proves her capability to bear all hardships presented in the frontier, as she shows a strong character. At this, Ford makes a successful attempt to portray the agony experienced as women wait for men to return after having an encounter with armies. Like most directors, Ford did not sugarcoat the effects of the war and instead, he showed the fear, trauma, anger, and courage, amongst the people following the raids. The film shows accurately the fear that settlers had about the Indian raids and the frustration felt in pursuing a group of enemies that could overpower you and melt into nothingness at the blink of an eye.

Listening to the preacher gives me the idea that Ford tried to showcase a moral worldview of Christians filled with prayers, weddings, sermons, generosity, and a lifestyle that revers God. The film has pro-capitalist content and patriotic content as the settlers work in harmony to improve their local economy (HD Retro Trailers, 2018). After finishing the film, I realized that it did not have any foul language or sex scenes although it had reasonable battle scenes and dying and injured troops are shown to return home after the battle. The movie has avoided the use of objectionable scenes except for some mild scenes of drunkenness and brief alcohol use.

Although Ford made an American Revolution movie without including the British, it is understandable that he was attempting to remain safe by avoiding to showcase the British as villains when they were engaging in battle against the Nazis. However, one cannot fail to appreciate the fact that Ford managed to showcase the American revolution from a rather positive perspective, than usual.

The Patriot

The movie, The Patriot provides the viewers with an intuitive glimpse into the life of Benjamin Martin (Mel Gibson), an American farmer during the 18th century. Benjamin takes the lead role in the movie and his life assumes a rather oppressive and disheartening circumstance. The movie has several characters including Gabriel (Heath Ledger) Benjamin’s elder son and other children. The movie has also showcased Charlotte, sister to Benjamin’s late wife. The director Roland Emmerich also included other participants including Lt. William Tavington and British soldiers, among others.

The movie has showcased aspects of action, drama, and history about the occurrence of the American Civil War in the 1770s. The movie has depicted Americans fighting for freedom against the British military, Indians, and the French, in which Benjamin Martin showed his heroic nature. However, the death of his wife caused him to refuse to return to war after the battle with the British intensified since he wanted to take care of his children, live a peaceful life, and manage the flower plantation (Youtube Movies, 2000). Although Martin is against this kind of lifestyle, his eldest son Gabriel and Thomas have already enlisted in the “Continental Army.” The film presents a story that is filled with perseverance, passion, and livelihood with the need for brave individuals without any self-pity. A closer analysis of the film shows the depiction of technology, Revolutionary War era-life, and relationships.

While Martin is showcased as a humble and virtuous father, Tavington is evil and sadistic monster especially after he burned a church that was filled with a group of innocent men, children, and women after locking its doors. This scene reminded me of the Nazi massacre in Oradour-Sur-Glane, French villagers in 1944. In war and attacks, the movie adopted the use of specific weaponry including the pistols (flintlock pistol), muskets (brown-bess musket), and cannons (smooth bore cannon), among others.

The theme of politics is showcased as slaves are shown as being rather cheerful and have freedom like civilians, an aspect that causes slavery in the region to be deemed as non-existent. However, although Gabriel says that all men are equal before God, this is considered a rather political attempt rather than the true situation (Youtube Movies, 2000). Taking into consideration the time that The Patriot was set, it is evident that the movie did not depict the true situation of slavery considering that it took the efforts and death of men during the civil war to bring slavery to an end, years after The Patriot had been released into the market.

The theme of sex was also showcased although it did not depict the actual status of events on the ground. Although Gabriel Martin was allowed to have a night before his wedding with his lover on condition that his mother sewed a bundling bag for him, this was not an accurate illustration as it was the girl who was supposed to get a bundling bag instead of the boy. In reality, the parents often shared a room with the couple to prevent premarital pregnancies.

Although Emmerich made an attempt to emulate Braveheart and The Last of the Mohicans’ none of them can be likened to this movie favourably. Unlike these movies, The Patriot has showcased the American Revolution by blending feelings, ferocity, action, and drama. The story showed a battle-filled story of violence, guilt, and karma that is set against the rough conditions of the American Revolution. A fascinating perspective of this film is the struggle that Martin is experiencing. Martin has been carrying the guilt of his actions as a result of his participation in the Indian and French war. Under the influence of his wife, Martin always desired to change his life for the better. However, he cannot prevent his actions from haunting him and his family. On this, he states the fear that his actions would haunt his family someday. From a Christian perspective, Martin and his sons are suffering for his actions and his participation in atrocities and massacres that created a load of Karmic consequences that he and his family must suffer. Following the death of his sons, Martin fails to contain the rage in his heart; in the end, he takes the hatchet and sets out to fulfil the rage in his soul.

Hamilton

Hamilton is a musical movie that was constructed around the life of Alexander Hamilton. Through the application of various theatrical methods and innovative musicals, the movie took me through the biography of a politician and invited the audience to contemplate on the momentous and dramatic revolution as well as the founding of the United States. The musical is rather educative and informative owing to the accurate integration of traditional musicals and hip-hop to communication. As I was watching, I could tell of the ingenious integration of various elements, catchy score and flawless rendering (Detti, 2017). Through music, I was able to understand that the story was about Alexander Hamilton which was told through the application of modern tactics in an attempt to assist people of colour to view themselves from the perspective of the country’s history by spreading the story further beyond the property owned by the whites.

The musical has been constructed around the life of Alexander Hamilton who is the protagonist to explain how he rose and fell during the American Revolution. Hamilton did not have the opportunity to enjoy an easy life like most children since he was orphaned and born to a poor family, an aspect that caused him to become overly ambitious. As a passionate and opinionated man, Hamilton manages to rise above the criticism of those around him as he believes in the ability to become the best version of himself. In later scenes, Hamilton gets close to George Washington and becomes his right man in the revolutionary wars (Detti, 2017). He becomes the secretary of the Treasury; however, the election of John Adams causes his removal from the president’s cabinet. Nevertheless, his influence was still significant considering that he facilitated the structure of the financial system and the coast guard. As a result of the great influence, he faces resentment from various people including Madison, Aron Burr, and Jefferson, among others.

The main themes highlighted in this movie are legacy, history, conflicts, reputation, and time. The need for Hamilton to build a legacy has consumed the entire movie particularly his willingness to die and risk his marriage by publicizing his affair in a bid to preserve the reputation of his legacy. The ethical lives of the characters are driven by the fact that every person has a history and legacy. Conflicts and revolution also play a significant role in shaping Hamilton’s success and fame in his participation in the national government. Hamilton involvement in conflict makes him believe that it is the only way that the country could independence and stand out historically (Detti, 2017). At one point in the movies, Hamilton wishes that war was existing amongst them in order to prove that they were worth and that they deserved their honour. This undying determination is what differentiates from other characters in the movie such as Burr who does not stand to protect anything unless it works to his advantage.

The movie has historical significance in that it was set during American Revolution and has various similarities with the musical 1776 in that both are musical and have adopted a simple plot with a wide array of political and personal conflicts. Both movies tell the story of fierce debates and can be applied in explaining the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

The movie has represented the American revolution perfectly through the conflicts of Hamilton and Burr. However, although Hamilton is more ambitious, the movie ends in a rather disappointing nature following the death of Hamilton although he was the protagonist in the movie.

Conclusion

In Drums Along the Mohawk, John Ford was successful at presenting the American patriots from a brave and God-fearing perspective. The movie was constructed along with various themes including courage, prayer, endurance, and self-sacrifice. Unlike most movies produced during this period, it does not have scenes of alcohol use, sex, or foul language. The Patriot is a clear depiction of the life that people lived and persevered during the revolutionary war. Although the movie has introduced themes of love and drama particularly with the love story between Gabriel and Anne, it is evident that the weaponry and life showcased was accurate, making it a rather reliable source of historical depiction particularly in relation the period during the industrial revolution when Britain conquered Barbados. The Books of Negroes and Hamilton have also portrayed the subject of the American Revolution from a rather narrow yet satisfying manner.

References

Detti (2017 October 4). Hamilton: An American Musical | FULL SOUNDTRACK W/ LYRICS [Online]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OM7R6xmuz-YHD Retro Trailers (2018 April 23). Drums Along the Mohawk (1939) ORIGINAL TRAILER [HD 1080p]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ou6ITVZX9aoIcflix (2015 May 5). The Book of Negroes Trailer HD – icflix [Online]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RoC3V000e1gYoutube Movies (2000). The Patriot (2000) – Trailer. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5u1am7pmrw

Advantage of Salvage Yards Columbus Ohio

Getting parts for an old car is usually very hard and especially if you cannot get new parts. Most of the times when you go asking for these parts from dealers they will tell you to wait for them to be imported and this is very inconveniencing. Still some are out of the market so you cannot get them. Your only solution is in the salvage yards Columbus Ohio.

Most vehicles and especially trucks are imported and so there are not many spare parts that are locally available for them. This makes it hard to repair them when they break down as one cannot put in other parts that are not compatible. However, if you go to the yard where cars and trucks that have been in accidents are dumped you will surely get the part you are looking for and at a cheaper price.

If you are one of those owners who are enthusiastic about old cars such as Pontiacs and Volkswagen then you will want to keep it in working condition. This means that you will have to repair it and replace the broken parts regularly. To do this, you must only get the most compatible parts and parts from newer models or other types of cars will not do the trick.

Sometimes original manufacturers stop producing a certain part for several reasons, one of them being that the vehicle is out of the market and not many people use it. So in this case you will not get any spare part in the dealerships that deal with new car parts no matter how hard you look. Unless you would request for the part from the factory at a great cost, your only solution is the salvage.

Some of these parts may also be very effective in modern models of cars. They may have more powerful engines and other very durable parts that will add value to your new car. This collection of parts will make your car stronger and give it endurance, increasing its mileage. You have to keep in mind the compatibility though as this is safer.

If you have older parts that you intend to add to your vehicle, you may also need the advice on how to do it. You may need to ask if your decision to add them is wise at all and if you will be adding value to your vehicle or ruining it. The professional mechanics art the yard will help you to decide ion what to do after giving you advice.

These places are not only frequented by buyers because insurance companies and also mechanic professionals will want to come in and look at the car parts. They usually have outer walls made of stone but then the inside walls are thousands of cars and this may go on for miles and miles of space. There you can find any kind of cars make or truck parts that you need for your repairs.

Most salvage yards are very helpful since they can pull out any car part you want within no time. They are heavily guarded and one cannot be able to take anything without the owners consent. Some of them are even guarded by armed guards for security.

The Importance of Salvage Yards Columbus Ohio

If you have an old car you want to repair, getting parts will be very hard. If you go to new parts dealers they will tell you to wait for the parts to be imported and this will certainly cost you a fortune in the process. Still you will find others that are no longer manufactured and so they cannot be found in the dealerships under any circumstances. This is when you need to go to salvage yards Columbus Ohio.

For most vehicles and especially trucks, they are imported when they are already assembled. This means that you can never get parts for them and of course you cannot use other parts that are not compatible. However, if you get a collection of broken down cars and trucks that have been in accidents and are not redeemable, you might get the part you are looking for still in good condition.

People who have a passion for collecting old cars like Volkswagen and Pontiacs will have a problem finding parts for them. They cannot go and fix them with parts from other newer models of cars as they will not be compatible. This means that they have to hunt them from the yards and then use them to make their cars usable.

Sometimes the original manufacturers stop producing the parts to their old models to cut costs especially if the cars are not in use anymore. This means that no matter where you request for the new parts you will never get them. When this happens, your only solution is to go to the manufacturer and request for the part at great cost or to go to the salvage and look for it.

Some of these parts will also make your new car have better mileage and make them more enduring. If the parts are compatible, you can add them to your car to add value to its quality. You will have to be very careful when doing this in order to ensure that the old parts will not ruin the car or affect it negatively in another aspect.

Also consider that you cannot use these parts on your new car without being advised by a very experienced mechanic on how to put the parts or whether to put them at all. You need to know if you will add value to your car or simply ruin it in the process. The mechanics at the salvage will help you with this information for free and you will find it very useful.

The buyers are not the only frequenters because other people like insurance agents and police officers may need to track down cars that have been involved in accidents. The mechanics may also want some parts for their dealerships. Most of these yards have stone walls on the outside and the inner walls are thousands of broken down vehicles well arranged.

The advantage of the salvage yards is that they always have the parts you need and they give it immediately. For this reason, they are always heavily guarded sometimes even with guns and one cannot get a part without the consent of the owner. Some even have dogs set free on the property as security.

Advantage of Salvage Yards Columbus Ohio

Most vehicles and especially trucks are imported and so there are not many spare parts that are locally available for them. This makes it hard to repair them when they break down as one cannot put in other parts that are not compatible. However, if you go to the yard where cars and trucks that have been in accidents are dumped, you will surely get the part you are looking for and at a cheaper price.

If you have older parts that you intend to add to your vehicle, you may also need advice on how to do it. You may need to ask if your decision to add them is wise at all and if you will be adding value to your vehicle or ruining it. The professional mechanics at the yard will help you to decide on what to do after giving you advice.

The Importance of Salvage Yards Columbus Ohio

Some of these parts will also make your new car have better mileage, and these parts more enduring. If the parts are compatible, you can install them to your car to add value to its quality. You will have to be very careful when doing this in order to ensure that the old parts will not ruin the car or affect it negatively in another aspect.

Change Management and Disruption A Case Study of the Inland Revenue Department NZ

Change Management and Disruption: A Case Study of the Inland Revenue Department NZ

Student’s Name

Course & Code

Instructor’s Name

Date of Submission

Executive SummaryThe aim of this paper is to present a case of change management and disruption. It uses the The Inland Revenue Department (IRD), or Te Tari Taake, as a public department to base its argument. A successful change management is important for IRD to achieve their vision statement, as there is no empirical nor similar situation that the department are facing compared to other organizations. The IRD platform contributes to efficient collection of the country’s revenue which is redistributed inform of infrastructure development and other project developments in the country. Most of the aspects of the IRD model offer positive results and benefits to the society and the government in general. However, there are a few setbacks that come with the system including; the challenge of usage of the platform by the visually impaired group. In terms of change management, three models are discussed including the ADKAR change model, the engage and learn model, and the McKinsey 7S model. The three apply to the IRD’s current situation and can be implemented to manoeuvre the entire process of implementing change. As a result, IRD has a unique challenge in its attempt to implement and manage the change towards a better IT system. The proposed overhaul of the entire system may mean a change in the way the organization works, including a reshuffle of various structures as some processes are automated, restructuring of employee roles, and introduction of a different reporting pattern in line with the demands of a change of system. To combat resistance, the Kotter’s 8 step model is proposed to be the best model to anchor change at IRD.

Keywords: IRD, change, change management, ADKAR change model, the engage and learn model, and the McKinsey 7S model, Kotter’s 8 step model, Total quality management, six change model.

Table of Contents

TOC o “1-3” h z u Executive Summary PAGEREF _Toc84547435 h 2Introduction PAGEREF _Toc84547436 h 4IRD key roles PAGEREF _Toc84547437 h 41. Organization and Change Issues PAGEREF _Toc84547438 h 61.1 The triple bottom analysis PAGEREF _Toc84547439 h 61.1.1 Social Bottom Line PAGEREF _Toc84547440 h 71.1.2 Ecological Bottom Line PAGEREF _Toc84547441 h 71.1.3 Economic Bottom Line PAGEREF _Toc84547442 h 81.2 SWOT Analysis PAGEREF _Toc84547443 h 81.3 Main issues identified by the analysis tools PAGEREF _Toc84547444 h 92. Change management models PAGEREF _Toc84547445 h 92.1 ADKAR Model PAGEREF _Toc84547446 h 102.1.1 Model applied to the issues Transformation program in IRD PAGEREF _Toc84547447 h 112.2 Engage and Learn Model PAGEREF _Toc84547448 h 112.2.1 Model Application to the Issue of Automated System Update / IT System Update in IRD PAGEREF _Toc84547449 h 122.3 The McKinsey 7-S Change Model PAGEREF _Toc84547450 h 132.3.1 Model Application to the Issue of Automated System Update / IT System Update in IRD PAGEREF _Toc84547451 h 143. Change Management Strategies to Overcome Resistance PAGEREF _Toc84547452 h 153.1 Overcoming Resistance using the Kotter’s 8 Step Change Model PAGEREF _Toc84547453 h 153.2 Overcoming Resistance using Total Quality Management Approach PAGEREF _Toc84547454 h 163.3 Overcoming Resistance using Six Change Approach PAGEREF _Toc84547455 h 174. Recommendations and Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc84547456 h 18References PAGEREF _Toc84547457 h 19

IntroductionA successful change management is important for IRD to achieve their vision statement, as there is no empirical nor similar situation that the department are facing compared to other organization. Organizations need an integrated approach to drive systematic, effective change and conquer the resistance and obstacles to change, also, the consequences after making the change.

IRD key roles

Name Inland Revenue Department

Website https://www.ird.govt.nz/

Year Established 1878

Mission Contribute to the economic and social wellbeing of New Zealand by collecting and distributing revenue.

Vision A world-class revenue organization recognised for service and excellence.

Objectives ·Grow voluntary compliance by making it easier for people to get it right

·Reduce customer compliance costs

·Make government policy changes faster and more cost-effectively

Culture ·Customer-centric: practice with customer to make desirable outcomes

·Intelligence-led: through continuously research and analysis to make good decisions

·Agile: work with professional people to get work done neatly

Values ·Trust and integrity

·Valuing people

·Innovation

·Working together

Strategies focus

The Inland Revenue Department, or Te Tari Taake, as a public department, was established in 1878, following in 1892 by moving to its central office to Wellington. The department provides professional services for both individuals and organizations to fulfil their entitlement and obligations (Inland Revenue Department, 2021). It aims to grow voluntary compliance to revenue collection through making it easier for people, reducing the costs associated with customer compliance, and making government policy changes faster and more cost effective. Moreover, the significant responsibilities for IRD are to collect money and pay for other public services (Inland Revenue Department, 2021). The social support programs include Working for families, paid parental leave, child support, student loan debt, and KiwiSaver.

The Inland Revenue Department is a government organisation that is involved in the general collection of the crown’s revenue of New Zealand. The organisation is also responsible for collection and disbursing of payments for the social support programmes (Inland Revenue Department, 2021). This organization is involved in data collection during their revenue-related process. The data obtained provides information used to advice the government on tax policies and other tax related issues. This platform strives to ensure the taxation process is made easier amongst the citizens of New Zealand. This is done by provision of an easy-to-use interface on the online platform with explanations on every step and situation for the users to have an easy and understandable procedure in their tax payment procedures (Inland Revenue Department, 2021). The IRD main roles includes ensuring the revenue collection in New Zealand is able to meet the expectations of the government and that of the society, giving customers a simple platform for tax payment to prevent possible errors, prevention of tax evasion by some of the citizens, encouraging the public to pay tax and providing a professional, effective and efficient system.

1. Organization and Change Issues1.1 The triple bottom analysisThe triple bottom line analysis is a vital tool in looking the external position of an organization (Goel, 2010; Kucukvar & Tatari, 2013). The effect of the IRD platform on the environment is almost unnoticeable because the services of this platform are made online and the customers interact with the support team through online means. The impact the system has to the community is mostly positive with easy access to tax payment services, it also helps mitigate the tendency of tax evasion ensuring that all citizens equally contribute to the total country’s revenue (Hussain, Rigoni, & Orij, 2018). IRD provides an efficient system for the government to collect the country’s revenue. The platform has an ability to collect up to 80% of the total crown’s revenue of New Zealand.

Image 1: A graphical representation of the triple bottom line model (source: Hussain, Rigoni, & Orij, 2018)

1.1.1 Social Bottom LineIn the functionality of the platform is not affected directly by the impact of COVID-19 pandemic and therefore continues to function during the pandemic. The organisation is also responsible for collection and disbursing of payments for the social support programmes. IRD system provides the customers with easy to use interface which is able to give specific direction and clarification of the rules involved in the tax payment process. The platform runs in accordance to the inland social policy in the country. People approved for payment for certain benefits offered by the government receive their payments efficiently and can participate in in the society without a problem

1.1.2 Ecological Bottom LineThe ecological bottom line looks at the interaction with the ecology (Onat, Kucukvar, & Tatari, 2014; Lock & Araujo, 2020). The IRD system operates in the online platform hence have no impact or interaction with the environment. The revenue collected through the platform is used in the development of major sectors of the economy which include the protection of the country’s environment and reclamation of already polluted areas.

1.1.3 Economic Bottom LineThe economic bottom line is one of the most important for companies (Jennifer Ho, & Taylor, 2007). The IRD platform contributes to efficient collection of the country’s revenue which is redistributed inform of infrastructure development and other project developments in the country. Collects and redistributes payments for social programmes in the country. It also gives advice to the government on the tax policies in the country. Revenue is available to fund the government through flexible payments from the citizens

1.2 SWOT AnalysisSTRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

Easy to use

Effective revenue collection method

Enhance payments of social programmes

Can be accessed from any part of the country (Karyono & Agustina, 2019)

Less physical contact with customers hence no pandemic restrictions

Instructions on usage

Government adviser.

Promotes tax compliance

Efficient and fast payment method to individuals Limited to the internet literate

Impractical to the visually impaired.

Can be used in financial data collection for future planning and prospecting.

Can be used as a measure of the economic situation in a country (Karyono & Agustina, 2019). Continuous development of new and more sophisticated systems that can replace the IRD system (Karyono & Agustina, 2019).

1.3 Main issues identified by the analysis toolsMost of the aspects of the IRD model offer positive results and benefits to the society and the government in general. However, there are a few setbacks that come with the system including; the challenge of usage of the platform by the visually impaired group. Since it is works on a self-service basis then the visually impaired are cut off from basic usage of the platform unless they are helped out by third parties. The platform is also limited in usage to the internet group only posing challenges to the group of people that lacks internet literacy. +Internet literacy isn’t a common thing a mong the elderly and this may result to hardships during usage of this platform.

2. Change management modelsA model of change management describes theories, concepts and methodologies used in a deep analysation of the organizational change processes (Janićijević, 2017; Kobylkin et al., 2020). They provide researched methods that are meant to facilitate the change of management in an organization, provide different expected behaviours from the employees and the methods to deal with these resultant behaviours therefore ensuring the changes introduced are accepted by the workforce in place and adopted as their new methods of carrying out business activities in the organization.

2.1 ADKAR Model

The ADKAR model was created by Jeffery Hiatt (founder of Prosci) as a change management model which uses five outcomes from an organization as the necessities needed to attain a successful change implementation process (Houben et al., 2020). The five outcomes are Awareness, desire, knowledge and reinforcement.

Image 2: A picture showing the outline of the ADKAR model of change management

Awareness in this model of change management takes the role of introducing the need of the organization or the company to bring in a change to the employees. This is meant to obtain an outcome of urge from the employee, which creates the desire for the change. Desire comes as the second outcome in this model. Desire is generated when the employees completely understands the essence of the change and its urgency and are therefore set to welcome the change. The third outcome is the knowledge, this is basically the know-how on how to adopt and implement the change (Ali et al., 2021). It involves communication of strategy from the management which presents details on how the change is supposed to take place. Ability to take up the change comes as the fourth outcome. This outcome stresses on the intellectual and physical capacity of the business together with its employees to be able to implement the proposed change. The last outcome for a successful change implementation is reinforcement. At this point the leader is expected to ensure they constantly assess and stress on adoption of the change by employees until the workforce fully incorporates the new system in their activities as the new norm to the workflow.

2.1.1 Model applied to the issues Transformation program in IRDADKAR model maybe applied in IRD to assess the transformational program introduced. This will be carried out by testing the employees of IRD in accordance to Hiatt’s five outcomes. The first step is checking out the level of awareness of the change to the employees (Jaaron, Hijazi, & Musleh, 2021). This involves determining the extent to which the employees can identify themselves with then change. This step is followed by testing willingness of the employees to continue with the change implemented. This rest reveals the desire and contentment of the employees with regard to the change. The knowledge about the change process is tested for assertiveness test followed by checking for IRD ability and that of its employees to receive and implement the change. The IRD management then takes the responsibility for reinforcement of the change among employees and the business.

2.2 Engage and Learn ModelAs far as change is concerned, the engage and learn model is a new enterprise that is effective in guiding complex changes. Engaging is an awareness routine (Worely & Mohrman, 2016), one that depends on competencies within the process of information gathering relating to the current as well as future environments, the business, organization, and its people. It also looks at the disruptive trends as well as organizational strategies that provide possible solutions and respond to threats. Continual transformations are key to organizational practices (Worely & Mohrman, 2016). Practitioners in organizational development have to deal with insufficient experiences and expertise in the process of managing change. In order to act and engage change, practitioners must first understand the strengths and successes of the organization, identify the problem, scan for solutions, and institute ways to provide help in the management of change.

Learning, in the model, motivates the awareness creation routine. Worely & Mohrman (2016) note that organizational development practitioners are required to reflect, challenge, and add intelligence in the overall understanding of the external environmental changes, shifts in business strategy, talent changes, and remain conversant with the dynamics of change relevant to an organization. Further, Suryani & Soedarso (2021) and Worely & Mohrman (2016) present that the objective of learning in the engage and learn model is to continually assimilate fresh awareness and be accommodative of changes to one’s practice. Therefore, the engage and learn model is a process that is simultaneously occurring in the organizational level where a company is required to shift from mere scanning of the of the external environment to absorptive capacity, acquiring and assimilating information, and exploiting it to facilitate change. For example, it is not enough for a company in New Zealand to understand the changing dynamics of interactions with consumers on social media. The organization must prepare itself, using this understanding, for disruptions by seeking change and implementing the same in the business model. The organization must learn new strategies that will help in incorporating awareness and solutions into the proposed changes in an organizational practice.

Combined, engaging and learning involves the understanding of the internal strengths and weaknesses of an organization and creating alternatives for considerations in the process of change. Every time an organization initiates an evaluation of its systems, structure, and operations, it is engaging in a change management initiative. According to Worely & Mohrman (2016), the extent of conceptualization required in the engage and learn model far outweighs any other traditional change management model. The engage and learn model focuses on an entire system, not just a singular subsystem or a piece of it, despite the occurrence of changes in multiple avenues within an organization. By observing the entire system as a whole, an organization is able to learn and engage with the changes that occur faster than in any other approach to change management.

2.2.1 Model Application to the Issue of Automated System Update / IT System Update in IRDThe engage and learn model looks at the organizational design, strategic awareness in the external environment, tailoring design elements, error detection and corrections, and developing new competencies. In IRD, the main issue requiring change is the problem with automated systems and a requirement for an IT system overhaul. Based on the engage and learn model, the main requirement is for IRD to first study the organization as a whole in order to establish a need for change, and to study it against the external environment in the industry and market in New Zealand. The engage and learn model avails a new approach to change management, driving a set of proposed solutions based on the organizational competencies and an evaluation of the external environment (Worely & Mohrman, 2016). The engage and learn model expresses that the pace and scale of change in the modern world can only be dealt with if change routines become a part of the organization, and that key roles of the organization include ensuring that the employees are active and vibrant in relation to change. In IRD, two motivators, engaging and learning, will drive the activities towards change routines including awareness of the need to update the IT system, designing a new system, tailoring it to the emerging issues, and monitoring it for successful implementation.

2.3 The McKinsey 7-S Change ModelMcKinsey 7S model developed by Tom Peters and Robert Waterman in the 80s is an effective tool for analysing and assessing changes in the in an organization’s internal situation. The model is based on 7 major elements that determine the success of a firm that should be aligned and interdependent in the production of synergistic outcomes (Salvarli & Kayiskan, 2018). The model applies widely in several situations especially when alignment is required. For example, it can be used to improve the performance of an organization, in the analysis and evaluation of the effects of changes in the future of an organization, and may also be used as a framework in situations where major changes are necessary in an organization to align business processes. The McKinsey 7S model offers a framework for recommending implementing strategic plans of action. Singh (2013) outlines the core elements of the model include: strategy, structure, systems, shared values, style, staff, and skills.

Image 3: The McKinsey 7S model depicting the hard and soft elements of the model (Source: Salvarli & Kayiskan, 2018)

Image 3 above shows the McKinsey 7S model with the elements divided into hard and soft elements. The hard elements include strategy, structure, and systems. Strategy, in the model, depicts a plan of action, a framework, or roadmap showing how an organization gains leadership edge or competitive advantage. The structure is the reporting pattern in the organization that provides a framework to ensure continuity (Paquibut, 2017). The systems include daily activities where employees involve themselves to ensure completion of assigned tasks. As depicted in image 3, the hard elements are in the direct control of the organization’s management and are easily identified and defined.

Shared values are the core values and the superordinate objectives that are reflected in the culture of the organization and influence the organization’s code of ethics (Alam, 2017). The style in the model places emphasis on leadership styles and its influence on the people, their motivation, organizational performance, and strategic decisions. The staff are representative of the capabilities and capacities of the employee. Skills define the core competencies and the key skills of employees and the vital role and position they hold in the definition of organizational success. These are the soft elements in the McKinsey 7S model and are not as tangible as the hard elements. They are more difficult to define and identify because they are governed by culture. As per the proponents of the model, Alam (2017) found that the soft elements are as important as the previously mentioned elements in the determination of the success of an organization as well as the industry growth.

2.3.1 Model Application to the Issue of Automated System Update / IT System Update in IRD

The model focuses on the interconnectedness of elements categorized as 7s. as per the said elements, there is a domino effect as far as changing one element so as to maintain a more effective balance. The model applies to all situations that need a company to be aligned to its processes, goals, objectives, and any other sphere of general wellbeing (Baishya, 2015). For IRD, the McKinsey 7S model applies in its change management proposal to automate its IT system and to align it to modern processes that would increase efficiency. The McKinsey 7S model best applies to the IRD case as it calls an inwards look of the organization’s internal mechanism to ensure that change is aligned to all other workings of the organization. The present wellbeing of the IRD would be analyzed in order to gauge the future success of the company in relation to the issue of automating its IT system to cater for the increasing needs of the users. As a revenue collection organization, the sensitivity of the IT system cannot be understated. The entire organization’s survival is hinged on effective revenue collection and therefore overhauling the IT system would be a positive step towards the attainment of current and future success. The McKinsey 7S model also applies in the management of the required changes towards the attainment of a successful transition from the old IT framework to a new and more versatile system. By looking at the 7 internal factors including strategy, structure, systems, shared values, style, staff, and skills, the IRD can better understand whether it has the capacity and the structural support to attain success in performing the required IT overhaul to address the issue of an automated system update.

3. Change Management Strategies to Overcome ResistanceIt is important to note that the IRD, just like every other modern workplace, is made up of a number of different generations and people who perceive changes and their management differently. For some employees, traditional values are deeply rooted in their perception of life (Rafferty & Jimmieson, 2017). Others value work ethics while others are a product of a hybrid amalgamation of both outlooks. For other employees, the technological revolution has deeply influenced their worldview and perceptions on change and its management. As a result, IRD has a unique challenge in its attempt to implement and manage the change towards a better IT system. The proposed overhaul of the entire system may mean a change in the way the organization works, including a reshuffle of various structures as some processes are automated, restructuring of employee roles, and introduction of a different reporting pattern in line with the demands of a change of system. The following strategies apply in ensuring that change management are employed while reducing or eliminating the chances of resistance from the employees.

3.1 Overcoming Resistance using the Kotter’s 8 Step Change ModelThe model calls for creating urgency, forming strong guiding coalitions, development of a vision and strategy/formula, communicating vision, eliminating obstacles and allowing employees to act, making short-term wins, combining gains, and solidifying change through anchoring changes to the culture (Laig & Abocejo, 2021). It is applicable in ensuring that employees adhere to proposed change sin an organization.

Image 4: Kotter’s 8 Step Change Model

As shown in image 3 above, the 8 steps will reduce resistance to change because the organization involves employees in every stage of change implementation. At IRD, involving employees and communicating the vision as well as factoring in their views and opinions will have a key role in ensuring that the resistance to change is minimal.

3.2 Overcoming Resistance using Total Quality Management ApproachTotal quality management is a model in management that is based on a belief that the organization is able to build long term success by involving every member from the lower-level employees to the high-ranking executives, and other major stakeholders, by focusing on improving quality and delivering overall customer satisfaction. TQM is based on continuous improvement (Cao and Clarke, 2000).

Image 5: A summary of the requirements of the TQM approach in reducing resistance

At IRD, TQM will be used to reduce the occurrence of resistance by ensuring that every employee knows their role and is made a part of the organization’s decision making structure. TQM requires the participation of every department and employee in order to execute the high demands of continuous improvement. In relation to overhauling the IT system and automating it, TQM will ensure reduced resistance as employees will view the proposed change as a method to become better in their job.

3.3 Overcoming Resistance using Six Change ApproachResistance to change is a phenomenon that is rather unavoidable, in line with the nature of change as a constantly occurring concept in any workplace. From this line of thought, Kotter and Schlesinger developed the six change approaches as a model to overcome resistance to change from employees (Kwak and Anbari, 2006).

Image 6: Six Change Approach model of overcoming resistance

In education and communication, the IRD team would undergo training regarding the proposed IT automation issue before it is implemented. This would help the employees to get the logic behind the change. Participation and involvement as a step applies in ensuring that vocal members of an organization advocating for resistance are brought on board when designing changes. Through participation in the process of designing changes, employees would feel appreciated and help to push acceptance amongst their peers and in their departments. Facilitation and support ensure that various tools such as training and education are offered to support employees in accepting change. Negotiation and agreement is availed to potential resistors, a strategy that IRD can apply to ensure that a maximum number of people join the movement to support change. Manipulation and co-optation are also available to IRD in terms of ensuring that the workforce supports change. For example, the management of IRD can use negative incentives such as demotions for managers opposed to the changes proposed. Lastly, explicit and implicit coercion can be used as a last result.

4. Recommendations and ConclusionThe Inland Revenue Department, or Te Tari Taake, as a public department, was established in 1878, following in 1892 by moving to its central office to Wellington. A successful change management is important for IRD to achieve their vision statement, as there is no empirical nor similar situation that the department are facing compared to other organizations. The IRD platform contributes to efficient collection of the country’s revenue which is redistributed inform of infrastructure development and other project developments in the country. Most of the aspects of the IRD model offer positive results and benefits to the society and the government in general. However, there are a few setbacks that come with the system including; the challenge of usage of the platform by the visually impaired group.

In terms of change management, the three models discussed include the ADKAR change model, the engage and learn model, and the McKinsey 7S model. The three apply to the IRD’s current situation and can be implemented to manoeuvre the entire process of implementing change. Despite their applicability, the McKinsey 7S model best applies to the IRD case as it calls an inwards look of the organization’s internal mechanism to ensure that change is aligned to all other workings of the organization. It is recommended that the McKinsey 7S model be used by the IRD to control and manage change and ensure that IT automation and all related changes are aligned to the workings of the organization. As a result, IRD has a unique challenge in its attempt to implement and manage the change towards a better IT system. The proposed overhaul of the entire system may mean a change in the way the organization works, including a reshuffle of various structures as some processes are automated, restructuring of employee roles, and introduction of a different reporting pattern in line with the demands of a change of system. To combat resistance, the Kotter’s 8 step model is proposed to be the best compared to the TQM approach and the 6-Change approach.

ReferencesAlam, P. A. (2017). Measuring Organizational Effectiveness through Performance Management

System and Mckinsey’s 7 S Model. Asian Journal of Management, 8(4), 1280-1286.

Ali, M. A., Mahmood, A., Zafar, U., & Nazim, M. (2021). The Power of ADKAR Change Model

in Innovative Technology Acceptance under the Moderating Effect of Culture and Open Innovation. LogForum 17 (4), 485-502.

Baishya, B. (2015). McKinsey 7S framework in corporate planning and policy. International

Journal of Interdisciplinary Research in Science Society and Culture (IJIRSSC), 1(1), 165-168.

Cao, G., Clarke, S., & Lehaney, B. (2000). A systemic view of organisational change and

TQM. The TQM magazine.

Goel, P. (2010). Triple Bottom Line Reporting: An Analytical Approach for Corporate

Sustainability. Journal of Finance, Accounting & Management, 1(1).

Houben, M. A. M., Caekebeke, N., van den Hoogen, A., Ringenier, M., Tobias, T. J., Jonquiere,

F. J., … & Postma, M. (2020). The ADKAR® change management model for farmer profiling with regard to antimicrobial stewardship in livestock production. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift, 89(6), 309-314.

Hussain, N., Rigoni, U., & Orij, R. P. (2018). Corporate governance and susta

Advantages and Disadvantages of a Complex Career Development Model

Student’s Name;

Institution Affiliation;

Course Name and Code;

Professor’s Name;

Date;

Advantages and Disadvantages of a Complex Career Development Model

Career development refers to a lifetime developmental experiences process that focuses on looking for, obtaining, and processing knowledge about oneself, educational and occupational alternatives, role options, and life styles (Sue et al., 2022). The opportunities for career succession have proved to be either scanty or do not work at all. According to research by Sharf (2016), career professionals have found that people talk about their current and lack of career opportunities almost every time. With the Krumboltz model, we learn about the development trials to understand why people make their career choices. These decisions also have advantages and disadvantages, which influence views and ideas.

One of the main advantages of having a complex model is that one can match career goals and individual capabilities with opportunities. A well-built career development improves personal development, which develops one’s capability and potential, which later enhances the quality of life and results in achieving career goals and aspirations. Self-development helps one think about long-term goals. However, personal development may affect thoughts and actions, which limits understanding of other topics. The limitations narrow the thinking capacity because one is buried in personal development only. Therefore, they may not discover better and more efficient ways to attain their dreams.

Borrowing from Holland’s theory, it has been found that while developing career paths, people prefer jobs they can be around others which helps in the development of creativity (Zainudin et al.,.2020). They search for a workplace that will allow them to use their skills and abilities while expressing their attitudes and values. The advantage of such a working atmosphere is that people will help one another to be more experts and attain work experience. One significant problem is that it limits external intercession and the scope of advancement.

Reference

Sharf, R. S. (2016). Applying career development theory to counseling. Cengage Learning.

Sue, D. W., Sue, D., Neville, H. A., & Smith, L. (2022). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice. John Wiley & Sons.

Zainudin, Z. N., Rong, L. W., Nor, A. M., Yusop, Y. M., & Othman, W. N. W. (2020). The relationship of holland theory in career decision making: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(9), 884-892.

Movie and Cultural Review of the Last Samurai

Introduction

Beside Edward Zwick, no any other director is preoccupied with the intricacy of patriotism, driven to question the imperatives of an America that his protagonists both love and detest.” His movie “The Last Samurai” lies head-on into the realm of his previous bedeviled-hero movies, i.e. “Courage under Fire,” “The Siege” and “Glory.”

Cultural overview/heritage of main character/culture

The Last Samurai is a tale of a former soldier, Captain Nathan Algren (Tom Cruise), a spirited American Calvary combatant burnt-out on pursuing Indians and wracked with guilt over a butcher ordered by his commanding soldier. After recruitment, he travels to Japan by one of his old friend, Sergeant Zebulon Gant with a mission of assisting the Japanese who then need western commanders to help modernize their army. Haunted by horrors he encountered in the US, Algren retreats into the bottle; however, the desire for quick cash, and avoid selling firearms, Algren decides to go east. He heads to Japan to help suppress an uprising of samurai led by Katsumoto (Ken Watanabe), an enigmatic Samurai warlord. Unfortunately, the rebel captures Algren, from where he becomes physically and spiritual healed. Katsumoto is fighting against selfish political interests Omura. Katsumoto wishes to preserve the Japanese culture, lifestyle, and moreso; he wants to protect it from the Meiji emperor’s oblivious move to civilize their country in the western sense (Frederic & Brussat, 2012).

Communication

Much of the film is communicated in Japanese; we witness Algren having difficulties in communicating with people since in this country no one speak English. The dialogue between him and Katsumoto, who knows how to speak English, are simultaneously hilarious and emotive. There is also some use of vulgar language; making the film unsuitable for small children. This language includes use of s-words and gentler swear-words and even God’s name abused several times (SoundtrackUniverses, 2012) .Family roles and Organization

In Samurai, it is the duty men of men to fight and protect the village while women are responsible for performing household duties as well as raising children. When Algren is captured by Katsumoto, he finds himself kept in Taka’s house, the wife of the warrior he had killed. Previously, Taka refuses to nurse Algren and even offers her life, but Katsumoto orders her to do what she is told. The Samurai are firmly organized patriarchy, whereby peasants obey their masters and embrace the warrior values. They also value dignity, harmony and beauty; that is why they resist Omura’s greedy, self-centered intentions to westernize Japanese culture. Taka is also left to raise her two small sons after her husband died in the battlefield (SoundtrackUniverses, 2012) .Workforce Issues

Algren and Gant are hired to train Japanese army about modern firepower. To their disbelieve, colonel Bagley and Ujio send the half-trained troops into the battlefield against Samurai. While fighting, the premature soldiers disintegrated under the fierce attack by the Samurai, and among the butchered include Sergeant Grant. Although, Algren kills several soldiers, he is seized and taken to Samurai by Katsumoto(SoundtrackUniverses, 2012) .

Bio-cultural Issues

As Algren is brought into the samurai village, the villagers become curious and suspicious on seeing the Whiteman, Algren (SoundtrackUniverses, 2012).

High Risk BehaviorsCigarettes and cigars make several appearances throughout the film. To erase the memories of atrocities that happened during the civil wars and on innocent Indians, Algren decides to abuse alcohol. He was commanded by a senior officer to slaughter children, women and other innocent Indians. He is even fired because he came on stage staggering and straying from his speech, moaning about the atrocities he committed on Indians and firing perilously with the Winchester. While healing from his wounds, he begs for alcohol to soothe his body and mind. He; however stops to abuse alcohol when regained his inner-peace and strength with the help of Samurai.

Nutrition

All day long, the peasants work in paddies, where they communally cultivate food for the samurai. The warriors spend their time playing with arrows, bows, and writing poems. At a time, the peasants are interrupt while working, so as to bow, sign of respect, whenever the Samurai pass nearby. One can conclude that the village is a pastarol paradise with traditional Japanese farming (SoundtrackUniverses, 2012).

Pregnancy

While Algren lives with Taka, he develops a growing relationship with her and her family and eventually falls love with her. However, the pair is not seen making love; the play treats their growing affection with the decorum required by the Samurai culture. They briefly kiss, and a tender scene shows Taka romantically dressing Algren for battle. Away, at the emperor’s fortress there is a partially nude statue (SoundtrackUniverses, 2012).

Death Rituals

The Samurai villagers believes in death as the only way to gain perfection. Anyone convicted of “dishonor” is sentenced to suicide death. The wife to a fallen soldier is comforted, rising her two small boys alone that her husband died a “good death.” In his last fight, Katsumoto prefers to commit hara-kiri rather than to be seized since surrendering is not an option to the Samarians. It is an expression of “dishonor” (SoundtrackUniverses, 2012).

Spirituality

Honor is the most valuable component even more than life among the samurai warriors. The Bushido code of behavior and religious belief are clearly and loudly emphasized in Japanese military tradition. The subject about Karma, faith and destiny are seen, and there are pictures showing Japanese performing religious rituals. When Katsumoto commits hara-kiri, claims, with a dying breath, that he has achieved and experienced the perfection he wanted during his entire life. He claims the sword as his soul. The Japanese also the believes the emperor is a “living god.” Algren even confesses that, in his entire experience, in the battlefield, he had doubts with God, but he agrees that there exist something spiritual in Samurai village. Algren even commits himself to Buddhism and stops abusing alcohol. In other words, Algren finds solace in Buddhist religion as well as the Samurai codes; hence carrying himself in an honorable manner while on the battlefield (SoundtrackUniverses, 2012).

Health Care Practices

Algren recovers from the throes of delirium tremens after he was captured by Katsumoto, thanks to the Hiroto family. Initially, Algren’s recuperation becomes problematical due to culture shock and alcohol abstainance (Frederic & Brussat, 2012).

Health Care Practitioners

While, in samurai village, there are scenes showing Algren’s wounds being stitched by a lady. Hence, it is true to conclude that women are responsible for treating wounded and sick warriors through traditional Japanese medicines (SoundtrackUniverses, 2012).

The mixture of small, sweet, wild and terrible deaths make this film appear interesting to many movie fanatics.

Reference

Frederic & Brussat, M. N. (2012). Spirituality and practice: Film review. Retrieved from http://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/films/films.php?id=6832.

SoundtrackUniverses (Uploaded). (2012, October 24). [HQ] Hans Zimmer – The Last Samurai Soundtrack – OST – Special Edi. (Video File). Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WfiAPPUdosg.

Change Management and Innovation A Review of Qantas Airways Ltd.

Change Management and Innovation: A Review of Qantas Airways Ltd.

Full Name

Student ID

AbstractThe aim of this report is to present the issue of change management and innovation at Qantas Airways Ltd. Qantas Airways is a flag carrier in Australia and the nation’s largest airline company by size of fleet, international destinations, and flights. It faces a challenge when it comes to management of change and innovation. John Kotter’s change management theory is a model that best fits the organizations to facilitate successful change and innovation in its efforts to stay relevant. The report recommends that Qantas Airways makes use of a change management model that pays attention to the changes, its effect on both external and internal stakeholders, the vision, the consequences in the market, and device ways to retain the momentum to ensure that change and innovation go hand in hand to ensure success. It is also recommended that the company adapts the eight stages including urgency creating as a way to alert and motivate employees, establishing need for innovation and change, building a change team, defining the vision, communicating with stakeholders, identification of roadblocks, establishment of goals, and retaining momentum to ensure change is managed.

Table of Contents

TOC o “1-3” h z u Abstract PAGEREF _Toc84158027 h 2Introduction PAGEREF _Toc84158028 h 4Literature Review PAGEREF _Toc84158029 h 4Discussion PAGEREF _Toc84158030 h 4Recommendations PAGEREF _Toc84158031 h 5Self-Reflection PAGEREF _Toc84158032 h 5Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc84158033 h 6Reference List PAGEREF _Toc84158034 h 7

Introduction

Qantas Airways is a flag carrier in Australia and the nation’s largest airline company by size of fleet, international destinations, and flights. An important landmark for the company is its status in the world as the third oldest airline in operation having begun operations in 1920 (Qantas.com, 2021). In the year ending June 2020, Qantas Airways made an underlying profit of $124 million before tax, a 91% reduction from the previous period, and a statutory loss of $2.7 billion before tax including non-cash and aircraft write downs according to IBISWorld (2021). The ASX (2021) recorded its 2021 revenue to be $5,934 million, a 58.4% drop from June 2020. The current share price as per Market Index (2021) is at $5.71, a 0.71% increase from July 2021 where share prices averaged at $4.5. This report will present the issue of employee retention at the organization and provide recommendations for future engagement.

Literature Review

To ensure that changes are present in organizational processes, policies, and strategies, organizations must innovate constantly. Change management relates to implementation of different visions (Hao & Yazdanifard, 2015), while innovation detects and develops new areas in organizational objectives in regards to vision and strategy development (Michaelis, Stegmaier, & Sonntag, 2009). Innovations are disruptive changes that challenge the core capabilities and core rigidness of an organization (Hao & Yazdanifard, 2015). John Kotter’s change management theory is presented by Rajan and Ganesan (2017) as a model that can be used by organizations to facilitate successful change and innovation in organizations. It can be used by Qantas Airways to implement change as the organization intends to readjust and realign its business model to fit to the need to conduct its business more internally as opposed to having international flights. The market demands at the moment call for restructuring in an effort to occupy the domestic market that has grown due to travel restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

DiscussionThe issue of change management and innovation at Qantas Airways highlights the need for organizations to identify and develop strategies, policies, and new innovations that will enable them to stand out and lead in their respective markets and industries. The issue of change management and innovation at Qantas Airways highlights the need for organizations to identify and develop strategies to manage shifts in the market including reduced or increased demand. The Kotter’s change management theory presents several steps where urgency is created as a way to alert and motivate employees, establishing need for innovation and change, building a change team, defining the vision, communicating with stakeholders, identification of roadblocks, establishment of goals, and retaining momentum to ensure change is managed (Teixeira, Gregory, & Austin, 2017). Qantas Airways is going through changes to its business structure and business strategies, requiring change management theories to be applied in an effort to enable change. This means that management of change and innovation will have to bea conscious decision made by the organization to increase effectiveness.

RecommendationsWithout a doubt, the discussion points out to the important role that change management and innovation play in ensuring the success of an organization. In terms of change management and innovation, Qantas Airways must make use of a change management model that pays attention to the changes, its effect on both external and internal stakeholders, the vision, the consequences in the market, and device ways to retain the momentum to ensure that change and innovation go hand in hand to ensure success. As mentioned by Rajan and Ganesan (2017), the company must adapt the eight stages including urgency creating as a way to alert and motivate employees, establishing need for innovation and change, building a change team, defining the vision, communicating with stakeholders, identification of roadblocks, establishment of goals, and retaining momentum to ensure change is managed.

Self-ReflectionThe learning exercise required me to work as a consultant tackling real business issues for real companies. In the increasingly competitive business environment, it is important to stay aware of what is happening both internally and externally. This exercise has enabled me to appreciate this need for business to stay on top of issues and challenges and to constantly device means to combat these issues using evidence-based best practices in the industry and in theory.

In regard to change management and innovation, I have gained a lot of knowledge on how businesses go about identifying a need for change, then proceeding to innovate new ways to implement the change in line with organizational goals. I realized that there was a lot of gaps in my experience and knowledge relating to how organizations see and interpret change or innovation. I also realized that change and innovation are two independent yet intertwined concepts in business where one calls for the need to use the other and vice versa. I found out that realizing change requires the use of theoretical and as well as practical concepts that are aligned to the structure and needs of an organization.

Lastly, the change in perspective on management of innovation and change has enabled me to see the bigger picture in terms of organizational goals and objectives. I now realize that change is more than a singular event in an organization, but a complex process that has a lot of pieces that must fit for it to be effective in attaining its goal. The theoretical analysis performed has also changed the way I view successful organizations, especially companies like Qantas Airways that have operated since the 1920s. these companies have had to implement a lot of changes in a successful manner, creating a culture of adapting to their environment to stay relevant. I am more aware of the process of change management and innovation.

Conclusion

Change management and innovation are important elements of an organization. They allow a firm to develop and grow relative to the competition in the industry. Employing effective change management models would help an organization to effectively implement and manage change and disruptive strategies through innovation. Qantas Airways has a number of structural and business-related changes and innovation made relevant by a changing work environment. In order to ensure efficiency in implementing the said changes, Kotter’s change management model can be effectively applied to ensure success.

Reference ListASX (2021). Qantas Airways Limited and its Controlled Entities: Preliminary Final Report for FY Ended 30 June 2021. ASX. Available at https://investor.qantas.com/DownloadFile.axd?file=/Report/ComNews/20210826/02412248.pdfHao, M. J., & Yazdanifard, R. (2015). How effective leadership can facilitate change in organizations through improvement and innovation. Global journal of management and business research.

IBISWorld (2021). Qantas Airways Limited – Premium Company Report Australia. IBISWorld. Available at https://www.ibisworld.com/au/company/qantas-airways-limited/32/

Market Index. (20201). Qantas Airways Ltd (QAN). Available at https://www.marketindex.com.au/asx/qan?__cf_chl_captcha_tk__=pmd_Zg5FJiTtwNfQ2GKR7ILuaGsOiykRMwLSOXxDcqYz9ds-1633250011-0-gqNtZGzNAvujcnBszQzR

Michaelis, B., Stegmaier, R., & Sonntag, K. (2009). Affective commitment to change and innovation implementation behavior: The role of charismatic leadership and employees’ trust in top management. Journal of Change Management, 9(4), 399-417.

Qantas.com (2021). About Us. Available at https://www.qantas.com/au/en/about-us.html

Rajan, R., & Ganesan, R. (2017). A critical analysis of John P. Kotter’s change management framework. Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management, 7(7), 181-203.

Teixeira, B., Gregory, P. A., & Austin, Z. (2017). How are pharmacists in Ontario adapting to practice change? Results of a qualitative analysis using Kotter’s change management model. Canadian Pharmacists Journal/Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada, 150(3), 198-205.

Movie Critique 13th Amendment

Movie Critique: 13th Amendment

Name

Course

Date

African Americans have never been absolutely free even after the emancipation. The ratification of the 13th Amendment was a chance for slave owners and supporters to draft a law that had loopholes to keep African Americans in chains, literally and figuratively. It was a clause that shifted the definition of slavery from a ‘legitimate” business to a legal method of punishment for lawbreakers. African Americans are suffering from the legacy of slavery a century almost two centuries after 1867. The institutionalization of slavery and the wide racial and partisan disparities and the position of African Americans in American society has been nothing short of slavery. America boasts of these lofty ideals, but on the other hand, it has subjected Negroes to a second class status with the political elite selecting the nobility of their civic creed at the expense of social arrangements that have been in existence for many years.

The black race in America is subjected to extreme stereotyping, economic inequality, and stigmatization for their way of life and isolated by the society. Their purported criminality has resulted in racial profiling by law enforcement to the extent that black people are arrested, and many of their rights are violated in the process. There have been documented and undocumented cases of black people being physically beaten by the police during arrest and held at police stations beyond the requirements of the law.

The 13th is a documentary by Ava DuVernay, which focuses on the Thirteenth Amendment very significant legislation that resulted in mass incarceration in the United States. Besides covering this epic event in history, the film is gorgeous, reminiscent, and infuriating exploration powers, roots, and permanence. The film showcases the account of those wielded power and those made to kneel by this power, their roots, and their permanence. From history, the economy of the Southern state was decimated. The primary sources of income for the South, slaves, were no longer obliged up and serve as free labor for their fields. There was, however, an exception was made for criminals who, according to the law, were eligible for enlistment as slaves as part of their punishment. In the first restatement of a strategy by the South, hundreds of slaves who had started enjoying their freedom were enslaved again courtesy of trivial mistakes and minor charges. This informed the beginning of Duvernay’s examination of the evolving iterations.

The cycle was such that when one method of subservience-based injustice and terror subsided, another rose in its place. The list used by Duvernay in this documentary included the Jim Crow era, lynching if black people, Nixon’s race for the presidency, Reagans War on Drugs, President Clinton’s three strikes, and the compulsory sentencing rulings and the cash-for-prisoners in effect today. The cash for prisoners is a model that bail and incarceration firms use to generate millions of dollars.

The 13th, however, concentrates a bit more on the cash-for-prisoners model and even portrays the tally of the prisoners to go through the system on-screen. The use of context, in this case, is very important because although history still has significance, it is necessary to create awareness of the situation of black people today. The other does a perfect job to remind the world and black people that they are still not considered nothing more than just that, African Americans. America does not see beyond their color. The use of the 13th Amendment as the thesis for this film is appropriate and creates a path that allows the film director to exhaust the evolution of prejudice against black people over the years.

Bibliography

Harris-Perry, Melissa V. Sister citizen: Shame, stereotypes, and Black women in America. Yale University Press, 2011.

Luxe. “Thirteenth Amendment Documentary.” YouTube. Video file. October 16, 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1WU608Z2678.

Pope, James Gray. “Mass Incarceration, Convict Leasing, and the Thirteenth Amendment: A Revisionist Account.” New York University Law Review 94, no. 6 (2019): 1465-1554.

Challenges Facing County Governments

Name

Professor Course

Date

Challenges Facing County Governments

Counties are facing many issues that are becoming more demanding by the day. One such issue is problems with structural finances. Property taxes are going down when the growing cost of services is increasing, and the infrastructure in place is aging. These warrant repairs and maintenance of infrastructure under local governments such as roadways, sidewalks, water and sewer lines as well as municipal facilities. The growth of metropolitan areas is also causing increasing stress on roadways meaning these part of infrastructure requires attention as well. On top of these, counties have to deal with the economic impacts of climate change that bring about water scarcity and extreme weather. Technology is also bringing about regulatory problems to local governments as vocal parties demand that these advanced technologies be bound by regulation in ways that ensure existing industries are protected.

Declining county funding is a very significant problem for county governments. In addition to this, state governments are limiting the counties’ capacity to raise revenue. Forty-five states have put some limitations on the abilities of counties to raise money through property tax. Counties are forced to cut funding from crucial areas such as public safety to cover the deficits. States are increasing mandates for counties to implement without providing the funding required to do so.

To deal with the fragmentation of programs and services, county governments should engage nonprofits an social enterprises to generate a hybrid model of public services and one driven by profit. The need for public trash collection, habilitation of people dependent on drugs, safe housing options, and so forth have been answered by private entities. Citizens are given some degree of power to resolve their own issues that would otherwise burden these governments. Citizen engagement is thus essential, and the use of technology can help further this initiative. Citizen engagement means collaborative work that aides in building on past developments and incorporating new services.

Differences Between Strong-Mayor, Weak-Mayor and Council-Manager

A weak mayor kind of government uses a mayor-council method where he/she is subordinate to the council in terms of the mandate for policymaking and administration powers. The council employs a city manager and appoints the mayor as opposed to being elected. The council-manager is appointed by the council in which the mayor is a member. The mayor is elected by the citizens. A strong mayor or the mayor-council form of government has the mayor as the chief executive officer of the city and does not employ as city manager, maybe an admin to help run daily affairs. The strong-mayor form of government is the most desirable for me because, as a mayor, one would like to do things his way. The issues one promised the electorate deal with once elected will be easily executed without needing approval and without including limitations.

Why Texas Democrats Trust the Supreme Court more than Other Government Branches

Despite the Supreme Court being the least understood branch of government, it is the most trusted. Democrats in Texas believe that supreme court judges follow the law and not political ideas when rendering their decisions on issues. Texas Democrats believe that Supreme Court judges base their decision solely on the law. There have been partisan battles recently over the highest court in the land. However, a majority of people, including Texas Democrats, believe that the court holds a moderate position in this liberal-conservative continuum. This opinion about the supreme court by Texas Democrats increases with more knowledge on the court and the decision of judges. In essence, the Supreme Court is specially capable of commanding respect, especially when compared against other government branches, and most of all, those citizens that are aware of the roles of justices under the constitution.

Why Republicans and Independents in Texas Trust Trump more than the Supreme Court

Trust in the executive, particularly Trump, is strongly related to party support. Almost all Republicans have trust in the president because he is, of course, conservative as they are. Republicans trust the Supreme court more than they distrust it but not as much as they trust the president. Some believe that the Supreme Court sometimes leans to the liberal side. A good example is a decision made by the supreme court in the last few terms. The decision to stop President Trump’s addition of work as an eligibility requirement for Medicaid is one that may be considered by liberals as to lean towards the liberal direction because it was President Obama who expanded this program. Independents do not support the Supreme court as much as they do the president because they believe that the Supreme Court may be leaning to one side of this partisan continuum. Unlike the president who has the right to have biased ideas, the Supreme Court should be strictly unbiased, and when a little biasness is perceived, independents would rather side with the side that is not selling out. Independents in Texas might have supported Trump despite them being on no side, which means they have trust in him.

Effects of voter ID laws on Turnout in Texas

The Texas voter ID laws require voters to have with them a government-issued ID such as an identification certificate, a driver’s license, a US passport or a military ID. Such requirements disenfranchise minority voters who face significant limitations when applying for these IDS. The laws accept a license to carry a gun but decline a government or school-issued ID, which is just absurd. It is known that white people in Texas are the minority with licenses to carry handguns. Minorities face huge barriers to obtain a gun license; that is why these laws can be perceived to be discriminatory. Other states permit various forms of ID that are excluded from Texas laws, which keep a lot of people from voting. These laws, according to Judge Nelva Gonzales Ramos from the US District Court of Southern District of Texas, had a discriminatory effect. These laws affect voter turn out by targeting particular races and enacting restrictions that most certainly appear to keep them away from the ballot. These patterns of requirements under these laws cannot be explained by grounds other than race.

Barriers should not accompany the right to vote. The voter ID laws keep many away from the ballot, deprive them of their constitutional right to vote, and directly oppose the country’s progress towards including more Americans in the democratic process. Many Americans do not have access to the forms of identification included in these laws. These voters are disproportionally low-income, from racial minority groups, and other vulnerable demographics. These voters have a hard time obtaining ID because either they cannot afford to obtain the documents required to obtain a photo ID card issued by the government. A study by GAO indicates that voter ID laws reduce voter turn out by about 2 to 3 percentage points, which means tens of thousands of Texas residents cannot vote.

Why I oppose these laws

I oppose these laws because almost 11 percent of Americans do not have a government-issued photo ID (ACLU). Again, obtaining this ID requires money, an expense that low-income Americans cannot foot. This includes the combined cost of document fees, waiting time, and the cost incurred during travel. When these costs are combined, they come to between $75 to $175. The elderly and people with disabilities cannot be able to travel as well as those people coming from rural areas. People from Rural Texas travel up to 170 miles to the next ID office.

The discriminatory aspect of these laws mostly influences my stand against this law. Minority voters do not have the IDs required for voting as compared to white people. A quarter of African-Americans across the nation of voting age do not have photo IDs from the government in which is quite disproportional, considering only 8 percent of whites lack these photo IDs. Besides, allowing permits for handguns to vote and disallowing other forms of ID such as student IDs is straight-up discriminatory. Again, the majority of minorities do not have handgun permits, which are also hard to obtain when one is from either of these groups.

The Role of the Media in elections

The media is central to the proper function of a democratic nation. The media usually plays a watchful role. They conduct autonomous scrutiny and discuss the strengths and shortcomings of candidates, bodies that oversee elections, the government, and informs the public of the extent these agencies have carried out their mandate as required and join them in holding them accountable. The media also ensure public participation in elections by educating them on how to exercise this democratic right. They also provide reports on how the election is progressing. The media give candidates as well as their affiliated parties a platform to communicate with the electorate. It also allows the public to communicate their ideas, concerns and needs to the authorities and to people seeking to join the administration and provide a platform for them to interact on these issues.

The media so far has played most of its part as the backbone of this democratic nation. It has informed, criticized, and stimulated debate on various crucial occasions. The credibility of the media has, however, been in question. Its effectiveness is based on its responsibility to get its facts right, which I believe it has done. The media has dug deep, collected opinions from different people, and countercheck their facts thoroughly. It has not held back in rooting out deception and exposing liars, hypocrites, and the corrupt using counterchecked facts.

Where the media does not show much merit is avoiding to cause panic by exaggerating facts. It appears that the media these days is reliant on the information that cause havoc in order to draw public attention. The press is yet to lose the respect of the people and the nation at large, but there have been instances of irresponsibility, exaggeration, and mongering to influence sales.

Challenges that hinder minor party candidates from succeeding in statewide

Minority party candidates are a long way from ousting the Republican and Democratic hegemony that has characterized American politics for way over 150 years. Republicans and Democrats still reinforce archaic laws that ensure voters have only two choices at the ballot. When these two parties came to power during the early years, each with its turn, they created restrictions that bar outsiders from participating fully in the state as well as national elections.

In Arizona, for instance, Republicans and Democrats need to collect 6,000 valid signatures in order to be included in the ballot. However, this number is six times higher for independents who are required to bring them in the form of valid petitions. In reality, an independent would need to collect around 50,000 signature to make sure that they have 37,000 that are valid (Galen). Only candidates that are able to fund themselves or have independent notoriety can be able to make these targets. It is clear that these two dominant parties have no interest in entertaining further competition. Even if independents join the Green or Libertarian parties, which are considered traditional failures, they solve the ballot problem, but still, they suffer from the wasted-vote theory where voters see them as fringe groups with no likelihood of winning.

Works Cited

ACLU. “Oppose Voter ID Legislation – Fact Sheet.” American Civil Liberties Union, 2017, www.aclu.org/other/oppose-voter-id-legislation-fact-sheet.

Galen, R. “Opinion | Reed Galen: Here’s How to End America’s Ballot Box Duopoly.” NBC News, 17 Apr. 2018, www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/how-republicans-democrats-prevent-independent-candidates-getting-ballot-ncna866466.

Advances in Technology

Introduction

Technological advancement is the order of the day in the 21st century. This comes along with plenty of positive value addition to the human life. An advance in technology is brought about by the rapid expansion of research and development sector in the multi-national companies. A perfect example of a company that invests in research and development is; Samsung technologies. This is one of the revolutionary companies that work day and night towards investing in new technologies. The rapid discovery of electrical appliances such as; microwave LED television, iPod, 7D technology, computers, cable internet and health technologies are enough evidence to support the rapid evolution of technological advancements.

Investing in health technology is one of my strategic investment areas. Developing a machine that helps HIV patients to reduce the number of viruses in the body by only exposing oneself to rays, without necessarily swallowing the anti-retroviral drugs is among my key investment plans in technology. Out of 9 billion of the planet’s population, 973 million people suffer from HIV. This exposes better side of the remaining earth’s people to contracting this disease. Therefore, to contain this menace, a machine that kills 95% of HIV virus inside the body of the victim is my technological investment goal.

Across the globe, HIV virus is a menace to every living population. This virus affects both the victims and the people close to the victim. This health technology reduces the number of deaths from the HIV patients. Thus, it works closely to saving more and more lives that are lost day-to-day from this dangerous disease. It also cuts on the budget of the victims in buying the drugs. Constant use of the drugs means a negative effect on one’s budget. This technology cuts on the victim’s expenditure by 300%. A victim needs to go for this type of treatment only twice a year, as a result, a significant reduction of budget expenditure is a notable thing to the society.

In conclusion, advancements in technology are the key strategic goals of any individual in the 21st century. This is due to its efficiency and simplicity. It doesn’t have plenty of negative impacts to the population using it.

Works Cited;

“Health Care Technology Today.” PT In Motion 5.5 (2013): 36-45.

Mount Kilimanjaro

Name

Professor

Course

Date

Mount Kilimanjaro

Mount Kilimanjaro for an extended period, has been termed as “The Shining Mountain.” A number of scientists articulate Kilimanjaro’s crest might soon stand out no more. In line with Professor Lonnie who is a lecturer at Ohio State University, the mountain’s ice fields could vanish by 2020. In his article published on October 18, in the years 2002 in the journal Science, Lonnie and his cowriters depict that the ice on the peak that formed over 11,000 years before has declined by 82 percent greater than the preceding century. The writers establish that the current, theatrical decline in the mountain’s ice top is predominantly remarkable given its diligence through numerous earlier shifts in ambiance, including a relentless 300-year-long dearth that effected human inhabitants living in the expanse approximately 4,000 years ago.

The images depict two angle views of the mountain on the month of February in 1993, as well as on the month of February in 2000. These representations were obtained by the Landsat 5 along with Landsat 7 satellites, correspondingly. The pictures illustrate extremely vegetated topography (green colors) just about the bottom of Kilimanjaro, whilst the foliage is comparatively sparred up the boundaries of the 19,335-foot stratovolcano. The light tans at elevated elevations illustrate rock, and naked land facade, exposing the crisscrossing drainage terrains stamped into Kilimanjaro’s countenance over the times by precipitation and snowmelt. At this point, the pictures have been swathed over a digital height model to provide a better intellect of the mountain’s 3D outline. It must be depicted that the disparities in the summit’s manifestation, in these prospects, are outstanding in large part to cyclic disparities in snow cover. It is never feasible to differentiate cyclic snow from frost in these representations; thus they cannot be employed as a sign of the velocity of the ice loss.

The initial well-certified atlas of the ice spheres atop Kilimanjaro was done in 1912. As a minimum, four surveys done from 1912 disclose, there has existed a continuing decline in the amount of the frost. Mount Kilimanjaro was instigated well-known in the western humankind by the highly praised essayist Ernest Hemingway who inscribed the small story “The Snows of Kilimanjaro” in periods of 1930’s. When one reflects on Africa, snow is typically one of the final aspects that come to mentality, other than Mount Kilimanjaro located in the region of Tanzania had a significant snow and ice topped peak for more than 11,000 years. The use of “had” is because the snow is speedily fading. It is yet an additional illustration of how an aspect so enduring has fallen casualty to man’s disparaging ways.

Mt Kilimanjaro’s significance far surpasses a pleasant photo chance or insight for a work of fiction. The ice ceiling was extremely significant to the adjacent area and was as well the basis of the Nile River. Numerous villages bank on the snow and frost liquefied water. Living things on the plains neighboring Kilimanjaro are presently vanishing and numerous plants are as well at jeopardy. Despite the reality that there is still several disputes amid the scientific society as to what is the basis of the diminishing ice; the universal consensus is global warming associated climate alteration. It is a strange characteristic this creation and the next creation have been onlookers to a number of the utmost global ecological mayhems for millions of years; along with maybe a “benefit” that people would wish not to encompass. No person would have contemplated that a creature, man, could precise such a duty so rapidly across the whole globe; even in locales that no person has hardly visited.

Summary

The decline of Kilimanjaro’s ice top has turned out to be the placard infant for the outcomes of universal warming. A number of scientists, elected officials and Media have been spiritual in censuring human actions. Nevertheless, fresh research depicts that the origins of Mt. Kilimanjaro’s well-established glacier decline is far extra multifaceted, probably effecting from a normal climate change that happened over 120 years that passed. This is lengthily before extensive use of fossil power. Therefore, scientific proof notifies us that the reduction of Kilimanjaro’s ice ceiling is merely an element of the recede and gush of the never-ending sequence of nature. This symbolizes an ideal instance of why methodical “accord” does not match scientific reality. This is the motive why people ought not act in rush, centering their deeds on methodical closes that have not been methodically scrutinized and analyzed regardless of being extensively quoted.

Analysis

The decline of Kilimanjaro’s ice top (not be puzzled with the “snows” of the mountain, which still change with the weather conditions) has grown to be the placard child for the outcomes of human-centered universal warming. The account is easy to enlighten – particularly with an associated series of snaps depicting the decrease of the mountain’s ice top. Any person can perceive the theatrical changes. Judgments of contemporary inspections with momentous photographs and journalism accounts merely seem to endorse the story (The Center for Science and Public Policy, 2). Melting ice appears to be an ideal symbol for universal warming; certainly, famous scientists, chief media outlets, in addition to, affiliates of the U.S. governing body have all associated melting ice with people-stimulated climate change.

Work Cited

The Center for Science and Public Policy. White Paper: The Consensus on Kilimanjaro is

Wrong (2003). Web. 15 Jun. 2012. Available at

<http://www.ff.org/centers/csspp/pdf/Kiliman-MAC-4-8-04.pdf>