Category: Uncategorized

My Core Belief

Student’s Name

University of Maryland University College

Pro:600 9046 Communicating, Problem Solving, and Leading in Professional Fields (2221)

Theresa Lechton

17 January 2022

My Core Belief

Throughout my educational and professional experiences, I have always prided myself on the core value of integrity. Integrity is the virtue of being honest, trustworthy, and having strong moral principles (Dunn, 2009). Having integrity implies that you know what is right and wrong, and people with integrity reliably do the right thing. I always admire any person with integrity since they possess a moral compass that does not waver. For me, integrity is internally based on the moral code of ethics that defines my brand. Having integrity has served me incredibly well in school and the workplace.

Having integrity as my core belief has significantly benefited me in school. I have always been practicing academic integrity ever since I joined the school. By definition, academic integrity refers to pursuing scholarly activity in an honest, open, and responsible way. As part of learning, we have many assignments and exams to complete. These exams and assignments are intended to assist learners in understanding their subject by requiring them to showcase how well they have engaged with and understood the materials covered in class through completing assessment tasks. I ensure that I do not practice any form of academic dishonesty, such as copying and paraphrasing my coursemates’ assignments. Some students think that copying their peers’ works is an easy way to complete their assignments. As such, they end up not completing their own assignments. To me, this is dishonesty, and my virtue of integrity can never allow me to practice such behaviors. Academic integrity has helped me understand the class content more. It has also made it much easier to study for my exams. Also, having integrity in school has allowed me to make trustworthy bonds with my tutors, peers, and everyone else around me.

Additionally, integrity has benefited me in my workplace. This quality has enabled me to build trust with my employer and workmates. Ever since my employer noted my integrity, they have also trusted my work and always considered me as a responsible person. They respect me for that, and I have been promoted occasionally as everyone trusts me and considers me capable of completing assigned tasks and meeting goals on time. I have also received positive comments from my supervisors, who enjoy working with me as they do not have to push me to do what is expected. My professional integrity has also benefitted the organizations have worked for. It has allowed me to work collaboratively with my colleagues, which has improved overall organizational performance and customers satisfaction.

Overall, integrity is a virtue everyone should practice. I have personally enjoyed its benefits. Academic integrity has made my learning experience fun and satisfying and has allowed me to get good grades in my exams. This has been achieved by ensuring that I complete all my class assignments and projects and adhering to the school rules and regulations. On the other hand, professional integrity has enabled me to become a trusted employee and build healthy relationships with my employers and colleagues.

References

Dunn, C. P. (2009). Integrity matters. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 5(2), 102-125.

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Childhood Development Theories.

Growing up, we lived in the suburbs. I have no recollection of what happened between the age of 18 and 24 months. When I was in my early childhood, between three and seven, I used to follow my father everywhere and would do everything he did. At this age, in every photo my father has a cap, I also have one and where he never wore one, I also did not. Between 7 and 11, I started going to school and was considered old enough to do errands and would not run somewhere just because I was asked to depending on my mood. From 11 years onwards, I was always doing stuff with my friends such as walking around the neighborhood together, swimming together and other such stuff. I remember diving into the deep end a few days after my eleventh birthday just to prove a point.

Using Piaget’s theory, in the preoperational stage, I could not understand that my father wore certain clothes depending on the weather. If he wore a jacket at the beach, I would as well! In the next phase, concrete operational, I did not have to ran and pant just because I was asked to “ran to the neighbors!” walking was enough as long as I went where I was asked. In the formal operational stage, I took a risky plunge into the pool because I did not want some fellows to think I was cowardly or weak. Abstract concepts became important.

Some of the incidents described above fit in Erikson’s theory as well. Deciding to walk during errands when I used to run before was me using my initiative to assert my power as in Initiative vs guilt. If I was drawn from something, I liked such as a game, I would walk even slower. Jumping into the pool was a classic example of me proving a point that I thought was important to my identity as in identity vs confusion.

Childhood Obesity in America

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Child obesity in America

Child hood obesity is currently prevalent in America making it a serious public health challenge in the 21st century. Over 43 million children in America are overweight.

Thesis

While there are many factors that cause child hood obesity, there are a lot of information about childhood obesity, this makes one wonder whether the information are facts or just misinformation

Obesity in children is part of their lifecycles

While most parent tend to think of their children as healthy as fit as fiddles, they argue that the fatness is just part of baby fat that their children will lose as they grow up. Some of the parent argues that their children do not take fatty food so their size is natural. According to …this is misconception because childhood obesity is not necessarily caused by food types that the children consume but there are other contributing factors such as unhealthful diet, lack of sleep, lack of activity as well as medication. In addition, the fact is that many children do not lose weight even as they go into teenage and may progress into childhood. Therefore, parent of obese children should not see it as baby fat because that is amiss conception and should seek proper intervention.

Obesity is genetic

On the other hand, many parents tend to think of obesity as a genetic condition that runs in the family and cannot be remediated. Parent argues that their parent was big, and there are big, so their children must be big because the plus size runs in the family. Body types are likely to be inherited, but obesity is not inherited. Most parent prepare the type of food that their parent fed them so it is also healthy to say that the cooking genes are theme. Additionally it is also advisable to argue that the salivary gland should be tamed, nevertheless, it is also important to have a healthy diet and regular exercise regime, this I only achievable by allowing children time to play as through play, the children improve their creativity, social skill as well as keep healthy.

Dominant obesity genes

Most parent fail to take action on the obese status of their children saying their children are obese and have the obesity genes, which they cannot correct. Additionally, the parent argues that their obese children will remain obese for the rest of their life. This is a very big misconception as these children once obese can shed some fats and will not necessarily remain obese their whole life. Some parent also RGUE that their children and responsible for their health, blaming a child for their obese status is wrong as it sets a mindset of shame and everlasting guilt. T this might lead to life time obesity in these children. Most children are obese because they learn bad habits from their parent while some parent fail to encourage their children to take up active life early in life.

While it is true that most children have a body mass index that is slightly higher than 95th percentile in comparison to children in the same age and of the same gender. It is important to note that most of the obesity “genetic obesity” is preventable through the right diet and exercise regime. Children with obesity are capable of shading more than 35% of their extra weight. This is mainly through exercise.

“Dieting” is the only Answer

Most parent in America try to put their children through rigorous dietary regime that involves the consumption of fad diets only. Though this may seem the best answer to consumption of snack and fast foods, it is not advisable to take fad diets that are commercialized in America.

The downside of this is never known to the parent of obese children because these fad diet lead to a quick loss of weight. These fad diets put a lot of stress on the Childs kidney and various internal organs. On the other hand, these diets never provide the appropriate nutrition that befits a growing child. Proper diet is a requirement for growing child as it helps in the development of skin, bones, teeth, hair and all other body parts. Most complication in life begins with poor diet and may be the cause of serious medical condition such as gallstones in the future life of children. Additionally, long term weight loss plan for children is important than short term plan.

Conclusion

Though weight loss is much safer and probably the most effective intervention, there are a lot of it than just exercise. Sustainable weight loss is important to the child than just one time weight loss, on the other hand, children should be taught about disciplined diet. Therefore, they stick to healthy diet and not diet, shunning fast foods as well practicing a lot. The current population is a sedentary population, this means that most of the pass time activities that children engage in are done either seated such as watching TV and playing video games, this can be blamed for the prevalence of obesity. Parent need to limit screen time and give their children with alternatives.

MY DIET ANALYSIS PROJEC T

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INTRODUCTION

Nutrition is a broad term that entails taking food and into the body, followed by the absorption of the nutrients from these foods. Several dietary products are useful for the maintenance of proper functionality of body tissues and organs (Sizer 23). The major nutrients groups for any foods essential to the body of human being are proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, fibres, minerals and water. Furthermore, these nutrients are important in provision of energy for ensure growth, productivity and maintenance of healthy body thus creating a strong immunity against diseases.

However, rapid changes have craved in the dietary sector precisely attributed by the acceleration in industrialization, urbanizations and market globalization (Hauschka 126). These factors have severely contributed to changes in the lifestyle of many people, with a significant number adapting to sedentary manner of lifestyle. Consequently, these changes have rendered to emergence of intolerable health issues that call for quick action in the entire population so as to remain within the scope of the growth and development. For instance, in America the situation is worse and the campaign for the need of feeding health-wisely has been intensive ranging from both government and non-governmental organization. It is widely known that the with improvement of the living standards most of inhabitants, diverse food availability and the accessibility of many services; this has generated detrimental health issues as a result of decreased health activities, inappropriate dietary patterns and increased intake of tobacco and other food substitute drugs.

Human body requires a significant amount of energy in order to remain versatile in the aspects of life. This suggests the need of replenishing the entire the budgetary on our feeding styles. Carbohydrates are bears the stem of the source of energy in the body, and it availability is diverse in legumes, milk, cereals, fruits, nuts and in some vegetables (Wedman 44). According to research by World Health Organization (WHO), individuals should consume about 40-60% of total calories from carbohydrates. This nutrient is known to control the metabolism of proteins and facilitate proper digestion with the efficient removal of the wastes. Endurance performance such as chronic fatigue and poor performance by the athletes is also increased (Best 142).

Harvard School of Public health recommended about 133 grams of carbohydrates per day. Nevertheless, people have turned to be real cannibals in the consumption of carbohydrates and this has turned to be a major health issue. Obesity has been common as a result of consumption of carbohydrate rich food along other causes. Study by National Academy of Sciences indicates that over-consumption of the carbohydrates alleviates the level of glucose and insulin acts as antithesis in its bid to lower these levels; subjecting the consumers to greater urge of feeding more (Hauschika 98).

If an individual turns carbohydrate to be his daily bread becomes a major course in remaining energetic but the problem arises when taken inappropriately and in great amounts. Excess glucose is normally converted into fatty acids by the liver and stored in the body tissues as fat. This creates big possibility of becoming obese and therefore the behavior ought to be rescinded. Glycogen stored muscles is useful in ensuring that the players are strong for the entire scope of training (Clark 230). Depending on type activity the carbohydrates intakes ranges from 2.5-6.0 grams per pound of body. Fatty foods should be avoided since Dr Alves, of Meridian Health Centre points out that they limit the digestion.

Protein has been a popular nutrient out of its role in building and maintaining body muscles. They are made up of numerous numbers of amino acids. It has sources ranging from eggs, ground beef, chicken, fish, milk, peanut butter, yoghurt and cheese. It is truthful claiming that their availability is proportional to the critical roles they play in the body. They are known to have huge role in maintaining the composition of cell, rebuilding of damaged tissues and organs among other essential roles. Below are some few examples of proteins and their functions:

Phenylalanine hydroxylase- this is an enzyme that leads to formation of new

Molecules stored in the DNA.

Ferritin- is a protein component that binds and carries atoms throughout the body.

Immunoglobulin G- forms part of antibody that facilitates protection to the body.

The government of Canada recommends 0.8 grams of protein on daily basis to its citizens in order to be appropriate substitute of the high intake of carbohydrate products.

Fats are the third macronutrients necessary in person’s diet. They act as the supplement in the human body during the starvation period and thus sustaining life. At rest, our bodies still requires energy and at this time our bodies are sourced with this energy from the burning of fat in our bodies. The fat utilized for this purpose is usually the one in unsaturated state. These unsaturated fats include vegetable oil and soya whereas the saturated fats include butter and lard (Webb 220).

However, uncontrollable consumption of fatty meals has subjected people live in total grief out of cardiovascular diseases. The recommended intake of fat is ranges from 26-28% of the calories intake in the body. It should be understood that the fatty acids produces 9 calories per gram more than twice the number produced by carbohydrates or proteins. The major fatty acids highly appreciated for their roles in human body are linoleic and linolenic acid: Useful in controlling inflammation of body tissues, blood clotting and in development of brain.

The role of minerals in the health growth of human body can’t be overlooked. Important mineral nutrients such as the calcium, potassium, iron, copper and zinc are useful in maintaining health bone, marrows and teeth (Wedman 5). They also nourish the cells and trigger the release of enzymes to the locations required.

Water bears eminence purpose in the body since it helps in regulation of temperatures and thus a reliable coolant. Different activities in the body works best in controlled temperatures and this purpose is achieved by the help of this component. Water also offers a reliable mean of flow of nutrient as well as ensuring their transportation to different parts of body.

PROCEDURE

I applied MyDietAnalysis 3.5, a computer program that is highly reliable in analyzing the individuals’ daily nutrient intake. I filled systematically in different fields as indicated on My-Profile tab in the computer program. I entered various forms of dietary that I ate on daily basis for a period of seven days. This work was made efficient by applying a command from the program that highlighted all possible forms of foods.

The computer program listed all the food types that I ate versus the corresponding percentage of their nutrients. After making full evaluation of my daily intake of the nutrient, I had to go for a change and recorded new nutrient intake for another of seven days. I used the results from these two studies in constructing ideas about making my diet healthier.

Output

MyFoodList Report

Personal: Male 8/12/1990 5ft 9in 130 Ib

Day (s): Day1, Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, Day 5, Day 6, Day 7.

Activity level: active in entire session.

Weight change: record

BMI: obese-36. Normal ranges from 18-25.

Day 1

100.0g stir fried, potatoes, bagel-130

6.5 fl of coffee, Coca-Cola, tap water-56

2.0 cup short grains, rice, breast, burst-32

85.0g plain nuts, vegetables, Chinese rice, carrots, avocadoes-200

18.0 g sandwich, bananas, French fries dish, soda cola, fast food, fresh orange-58

Total: 476

Day 2

110.0 g chicken, beans, carrots, hamburgers, black forest, bananas (USTD-Y)-230

10.5 g soda, coca cola, brew wines, breast, med, salad, apples-100

7.0 fl of salad, juices, mashed mangoes, tap water, marina-21

118.0 g pizza, salad, yoghurt, juices, chicken-320

Total: 671

Day 3

19.0 g sausage, cheese, 2 pieces of chick, bread, whole wheat, milk-98

120.0 g cassava, mallo, maize, breast-245

4.0 cup milk, apple, cola, brewed water-78

230.0 g fish, tropical, seeds, snickers, candy-580

Total: 1,001

Day 4

8.0 cup millo, apple, chocolate, cod, lowfat, calorie-45

18.0 fl of juice, corn, polish, pasta, chedder-76

35.0 g pork, beef, soya, menthol, spruce-135

132.0 g eggs, pizza, sausage, pasta, kernel, coffee-450

Total: 706

Day 5

29.0 g bread, chedder, cola, bagel, pasta, edible, casdia-230

4.0 cup coffee, menthol, barrel, hamgerger, firrel, asoinins-130

34.0 g honey, blend, splash, carrots, corn-121

3.0 cup milk, indigo, ofrion, osioen-47

1.0 coffee, tap water, salad, millo-24

Total: 552

Day 6

100.0 g maize juice, mango juice, sauce, sugar, tomatoes-245

20.5 g orchestra, olive, sunflower, pumpkins, nuts-88

24.0 g maycorn, seed, chocolate, onion, brew-201

2.0 fl mallo, snicker, pasta, chedder, drionions-45

8.0 fl bagel, peponi, carrot juice, wine-68

Total: 293

Day 7

1.0 soda, cola, candy bar, juice-45

2.0indigo, pasta, orange, cola-68

3.0g apple, salad, mallo, coffee, butter-88

4.0cup yoghurt, peach, juice cola, saturated calorie-92

Total: 293

Grand Total: 3,992

Item average: 112

Day average: 570

Sources of calories

Protein 12%

Carbohydrates 58%

Fat 30%

Alcohol 2%

Sources of fat

Diso fat 20%

Mono fat 32%

Poly fat 18%

Unsaturated fat 8 %

Questions

What diet would improve your nutrition?

The report generated indicated that I have much to do in order to remain on the safer side in connection to health. Most noticeable is the degree of lowering intakes of carbohydrates and supplement with vegetables and proteins. The report suggests that I do not take the appropriate types of food and this has triggered the imbalance attained. Besides, it is evident that I tend to overfeed and still I manage a poor eating schedule.

In addition to this, there is clear likelihood of being deficient of vitamins and fibres. This is proven from the poor intake of vegetables (at less than 30%) yet they are highly advocated to constitute vitamins and minerals. The report also suggests of the need of monitoring the intakes of fatty food as I can admit that I used to consume salads and cheese in most cases. 32% of my daily intakes consisted of mono fats and less than 10 % represented the vitamins intake.

What recommendations I had in terms of physical activities?

I analyze my lifestyle and am convinced that I have adopted sedentary lifestyle; thus I have to apply tactical skill to enable me reduce the weight and maintain fitness. I need to be engaged in rigorous exercises such as running up the hills, playing football and develop a habit on taking a walk in order to reach for a service instead of using a vehicle. The report shows that I have a poor intake of nutritious food and thus I have to resent on the bad habits. Still, I consider to be cycling during my leisure hours in order to maintain my bones and muscles strong.

Summary

It is evident that I have a poor diet budgetary despite the attempts to feed on different types of foods. Occasionally, I limits myself in feeding vegetables and fruits; opting for quick food. Even though I didn’t record high amounts of food daily, there is that aspect of overfeeding particularly in fat rich foods. Nevertheless, the supplement of watery food element remains to be critical for proper functioning of digestion process thus inhibiting serious health problems.

Conclusions

In conclusion, I understand of the need of checking at the food labels so as to keep off from fat loaded food. From the literature, these foods are supported by terms such as “hydrogenated” or “partially hydrogenated” hence not the best to consume. I need to choose protein rich foods such as soy and skinless chicken and at the same time avoid plenty of animals’ products such as eggs, cheese, fatty meats and milk.

It is also important to have a healthcare adviser who would be checking my cholesterol levels and offer consecutive guides. After all, for a healthy living we need to consume nutrients rich foods.

References

Sizer, Frances S, Leonard A. Piché, and Eleanor N. Whitney. Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies. Toronto: Nelson Education, 2012. Print.

Wedman, Betty, and art Kirchhoff. Nutrition: Steps to Healthy Living. St. Louis, MO: Milliken Pub. Co, 2006. Print.

Clark, Nancy. Nancy Clark’s Sports Nutrition Guidebook. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2008. Print.

Hauschka, Rudolf. Nutrition: A Holistic Approach. East Sussex: Sophia Books, 2002. Print.

Webb, Frances S, and Eleanor N. Whitney. Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies. Belmont, Calif: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2012. Print.

Best, Carolyn. Nutrition: A Handbook for Nurses. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley-Blackwell, 2008. Internet resource.

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My dilemma: A library patron has a list of books from his minister that he wants to have removed from the library because they are inappropriate and dangerous for children.

Removal of books which are inappropriate and dangerous for children from the library.

It is the responsibility of adults to ensure that children are not exposed to materials that may jeopardize their morals and expose them to engage in unwarranted behavior. However, it is important to note that every person is entitled to access reading materials unless they are pervasively inappropriate. Although book stores and libraries have the power to ban books from their shelves, this can be done if there is a complaint from an individual or a parent challenging their removal. Librarians may oblige to their removal or decline the invitation if they feel that the book is not pervasively inappropriate (Pray and Lee, 417).

Library Bill of Rights.

According to the American Library Association, libraries should be a source of information and ideas and it should be guided by policies outlined in the Library Bill of Rights. Libraries are required to provide all materials present information that is of interest to readers and library users. Libraries are also entitled to challenge censorship that may affect how they discharge their responsibility of providing information to the library users. One of the most important policy outlined in the Library Bill of Rights is the person’s right to use libraries. No one should be denied the opportunity to use the materials in the library because of the background, origin, age or views (Berninghausen and David, 1970). Another important interpretation presented in the Library Bill of Rights is the issue of challenging resource. The interpretation stipulates that every library should provide a clearly defined policy that guides the selection of the materials stocked on its shelves (American Library Association, 2016).

Access to library resources and services for minors.

According to article V of the Library Bill of Rights, every person is entitled to access information or materials in the library and they should not be discriminated on the account of their background, origin, age or views. Therefore, minors have the right to access materials in the library. Libraries are charged with the responsibility of ensuring that members of the community they serve have access of reading materials and information in different stages of their development and therefore, it is inappropriate to deny people this right on the account of age. Further, removing materials from the shelves of the library with the pretext of protecting children amounts to denying other people the right the access this materials (Chapin and Betty, 21).

One of the ALA code of ethics mentions that “we uphold the principles of intellectual freedom and resist all efforts to censor library resources.”

Members of ALA are committed to ensure that no one is denied the chance to access reading materials irrespective of their age and their social background. The body is committed to ensure that all libraries conform to the Library Bill of Rights (American Library Association, 2016).

Solution to the challenge of managing the materials that can be exposed to minors.

The Library Bill of Rights requires that libraries allow readers to access reading materials and other information that interests them without any discrimination. The librarian cannot make a decision of withdrawing reading materials from the shelves with the pretext that they are protect the children from dangerous and inappropriate materials. The best solution to achieve protect children is to initiate a process of challenging the materials or banning them all together. This will bring on board all the stakeholders who are interested with the matter to find and common ground for the best interest of the children. If the stakeholders agree that the materials are not appropriate for the consumption of children, they will have the liberty to remove them from the shelves (Wiegand and Shirley, 1996).

Annotated Bibliography.

American Library Association. “Library bill of rights.” (2016).

The American Library Association is a body that deals with all the issues related with libraries in the United States. The Body has regulations that guide how libraries should contact themselves and they should treat the people seeking the information from the libraries. The association also interprets the rights that have been stipulated in article V. The Association has also ensured that the rights of all the people have been taken care. This includes people living with disabilities and children. The American Library Association in a body with constitutional powers and therefore, they have the authority to interpret the Library Bills of Right.

American Library Association. “ALA code of ethics.” (2016).

One of the code of ethics stipulated in the ALA code of ethics intimate that the body upholds the right of every citizen in the country to access information and reading materials in the library. No citizen who is interested in getting information should be denied a chance to access information on the account of the age or origin. Equally, every person who is interested in accessing any material available in the library should have a chance to access the information. Anyone who is not interested in any material available in the library have the autonomy to challenge them without any restriction. This can be solved through a due process and if the materials are found to pervasively inappropriate, they can be removed from the library. American Library Association is a body that deals with matters that relate to the libraries in the country and have the ethics that guide how the members conducted themselves.

Berninghausen, David K. “The librarian’s commitment to the library bill of rights.” (1970).

Librarians must be committed to ensure that the rights of readers and other people who are interested in using the library materials have access without any huddle. People should not be discriminated on the account of age or their backgrounds. The law provides that the rights of people person should be respected including young children and people living with disabilities. In many states, librarians have shown their commitment to ensure that all the rights that have been prescribed in the Library Bill of Rights are observed.

Chapin, Betty. “Access to electronic information, services, and networks: An interpretation of the library Bill of Rights.” Teacher Librarian 26.5 (1999): 21.

According to article V of the Library Bill of Rights, all people are allowed to access information and other materials of their interest in the library without discrimination. The law stipulates that people should not be discriminated on the account of age, origin, and their background. Chapin and Betty in their document preview interpret what this section of the law means and what are the rights of the people who are allowed to access information and other reading materials in the library. On the account of age, Chapin and Betty mention that children should not be discriminated and that they should have equal rights just like adults to access materials and other information in the library. The law presupposes that if materials will be removed from a library with the pretext of protecting children from inappropriate materials, then other people who may be interested in those materials will be denied their right of accessing information and this is against the law. Chapin and Betty are people who work in a learning environment and the have the authority of interpreting what the law stipulates on the account of the right to access materials and information in a library.

Pray, Lee. “What Are the Limits to a School Board’s Authority to Remove Books from School Library Shelves.” Wis. L. Rev. (1982): 417.

The article “What Are the Limits to a School Board’s Authority to Remove Books from School Library Shelves” is a product of Hein-Online which is a resource center that contains scholarly and journals the touch on legal matters that have been determine in court regarding various issues. In this article, Pray talks about the limitation that librarians can have in making decision on the books or reading materials to be removed from the shelf of a library. Pray cites the first amendment which gives all the people the right to read and get all the information of interest from libraries without discrimination.

Wiegand, Shirley A. “Reality bites: The collision of rhetoric, rights, and reality and the library bill of rights.” (1996).

Wiegand and Shirley confronts the reality that most librararians grapple with from time to time. In most cases, there could be materials that are deemed inappropriate for the consumption of young children and librarians may be tempted to remove them from the shelves but the law stipulates that every person who was to access reading materials have the right to access them irrespective of the age. Therefore, it is an issue that librarians have little control but they can use another means to ensure that children do not get exposed to obscene materials. This can be achieved by involving all the stakeholders and challenging the materials or initiating ban which must be supported by all the stakeholders to succeed.

Child development

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Child development is the process of physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development from conception through adolescence. Development begins at the moment of fertilization and is a lifelong continuous process. The stage of development refers to what a child can do at a specific age or age group. The table below provides an overview of child development in the different domains (physical, social, emotional, and cognitive) across the developmental stages: conception until adolescence. Physical development of a child happens at periods and times that are different for all children. Physical development refers to the growth of body organs and systems, as well as the development of muscle strength, control, coordination, and endurance.

Social development is the process of acquiring skills that allow an individual to interact with others. Social development happens in a series of steps: attachment, developmental stages, and peer relations. In this stage, children are beginning to learn about the world around them and their parents play an important role in their physical, social-emotional, and cognitive development. Children learn to communicate with others and they start listening more to what people are saying (Cacciatore et al., 2019).

The emotional development of a child happens at various times and in various ways. Emotional development refers to how children respond to the environment, their relationships with others, and how they express their feelings and emotions. They begin to smile at the age of 2 to 3 months and begin to laugh around the age of 4 months. They show feelings such as fear, grief, and surprise between the ages of 2 and 6 months. They develop stranger fear between the ages of 5 and 6 months. At six months, they can imitate the expressions of others (Cacciatore et al., 2019). Cognitive development is the acquisition of new knowledge, skills, and understanding that enables an individual to become more competent in a particular domain such as language, science, math, or social skills. Cognitive development can be described by different models which include biological markers, cognitive functioning tests, psychometric tests, behavior rating scales, and cognitive psychology tests.

In a globalized world with more than 200 countries and languages, the concept of “culture” is difficult to pin down. Cultural values can be influenced by religion, race, ethnicity, or geography. Cultures are also constantly evolving and adapting in response to many factors including political upheaval, war, or natural disasters. The United Nations Children’s Fund estimates that “about 130 million children live in difficult circumstances due to poverty” (Masten, 2018). When children experience negative influences such as high rates of violence or low rates of education they often suffer from impaired physical health or developmental delays. One area where almost all children experience some degree of cultural influence is language. Most children in developed nations learn at least two spoken languages by age five; by adolescence, they are typically fluent in an average of four languages.

Children from middle-class families generally have greater access to resources and opportunities than children from low-income families. In the United States, for example, more than one in five children live in poverty. According to a recent study by The Annie E. Casey Foundation, less than half of children who grow up in families earning less than $15,000 per year will graduate from high school on time. The situation is not much different in developing countries where an estimated 68 million primary school-age children are not enrolled in school. The disparity between rich and poor is also apparent when it comes to many health indicators.

The political landscape of a country may be defined by the level of economic development, armed conflict, religious and ethnic diversity, or totalitarian rule. For example, life expectancy in Iraq is currently 37 years and almost one in four people are living under military occupation. In some countries, political issues like ethnic tension have led to violence against children as well as forced child soldiers (Masten, 2018).

A classroom is a place of learning and play for children. The adults in charge need to understand the developmental tasks that children are undertaking at specific age levels. Using several frameworks, a range of children’s developmental tasks can be conceptualized. Implementing those tasks into the classroom will help children to feel more comfortable and confident. Adults have an important role in their development as well. Teachers need to know about their development stages, which starts with understanding the major theoretical frameworks such as Jean Piaget’s and Lev Vygotsky’s (Baltes, 2019).

Jean Piaget was a Swiss child psychologist who made important contributions to developmental psychology. He observed children’s behavior in the classroom environment and studied their cognitive development. In his theory, he emphasized that development takes place as a result of interaction between an active child and his or her environment (Devi, 2019). That interaction leads to cognitive advances one stage at a time. For example, if caregivers change their stimulation level, children will advance to the next level of development.

In conclusion, children have different needs and adults need to know about their developmental stages so that they can provide the needed stimulation for each stage. The children will feel more comfortable when they receive supervision. When people study the development of a child and the different factors that influence his or her development, it will be easier to understand what goal he or she should have reached on a particular day and how can one change the situation.

References

Baltes, P. B. (2019). Life-span developmental psychology: Observations on history and theory revisited. In Developmental psychology (pp. 79-112). Routledge.

Cacciatore, R., Korteniemi-Poikela, E., & Kaltiala, R. (2019). The steps of sexuality—a developmental, emotion-focused, child-centered model of sexual development and sexuality education from birth to adulthood. International Journal of Sexual Health, 31(3), 319-338.

Devi, K. S. (2019). Constructivist Approach to Learning based on the Concepts of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky. the NCERT and no matter may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission of the NCERT, 44(4), 5-19.

Masten, A. S. (2018). Resilience theory and research on children and families: Past, present, and promise. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 10(1), 12-31.

Childhood obesity outline

Student’s name

Instructor

Department of affiliation

Course

Date

Childhood obesity outline

Introduction

Childhood obesity

Causes

Poor diet

Less or not physical activity

Psychological stress

Genetic pre-disposition

Extent

Statistics

Effects

What can be done

Potential effects

Diabetes

Cancer

Heart disease

Asthma

Solutions

Plan

Healthy eating

Physical activity

Water consumption

Home obstacle course

Why this way

What eaten translates into our being

Physical activity helps us be healthy

Water consumption helps us be healthy

Home activities make us active

Costs

Cost for healthy eating

Cost for physical activity

Cost for water consumption

Cost for home obstacle

Conclusion

References

González-González, C. S., Gómez del Río, N., Toledo-Delgado, P. A., & García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2021). Active Game-Based Solutions for the Treatment of Childhood Obesity. Sensors, 21(4), 1266.Hollinghurst, S., Hunt, L. P., Banks, J., Sharp, D. J., & Shield, J. P. (2014). Cost and effectiveness of treatment options for childhood obesity. Pediatric obesity, 9(1), e26-e34.Olivieri, C. (2020). Childhood Obesity, Health & Nutrition and Its Effects on Learning. Journal for Leadership and Instruction, 19(1), 31-37.

Saeed, S., Arslan, M., Manzoor, J., Din, S. M., Janjua, Q. M., Ayesha, H., … & Froguel, P. (2020). Genetic Causes of Severe Childhood Obesity: A Remarkably High Prevalence in an Inbred Population of Pakistan. Diabetes, 69(7), 1424-1438.

Name:

Course:

Professor:

Date:

Child Labor

All companies must strive to enforce a zero tolerance policy for child labour. Companies buying from Chinese suppliers should be especially vigilant in enforcing this law. In the case study, Samsung declined to sever ties with Shinyang Company, which was accused of hiring underage children. The excuse that Shinyang gave was that it did not directly hire children, but its subcontractor was to blame. In this situation, Samsung showed that it was willing to overlook the violation of child labour policy under Chinese laws. Such practices show that companies are willing to overlook some cases of hiring children, and this creates a culture of permissiveness. Some countries are not very strict when it comes to enforcing child labour laws, and this may lead some people to hire children for several reasons. Children cannot fight for their rights, such as fair wage and good working conditions. They, therefore, end up being exploited and they lose their innocence. They also end up missing out on the chance to get an education so that they can decide what to do with their lives.

To protect children, companies such as Samsung should have zero tolerance towards companies that hire children. A zero tolerance policy will make companies hiring children to lose business opportunities and therefore, they will be forced to abandon the practice. Permissiveness and willingness to overlook some instances such as the case of Shinyang Company promote child, and this should be done away with altogether. Companies should also implement strict vetting procedures for the companies that they buy products from. When a supplier is found to be in violation of child labour policies, the partnership should be severed immediately, and there should be other consequences such as fines. Doing this will go a long way to ensuring that children all over the world are protected from underage employment and exploitation.

Childhood obesity

Steviana Collins

Professor Stauffer

English 1302

04/13/2021

Childhood obesity

Childhood obesity is when children have increased body weight, and their BMI is higher than the average child should have. This situation leads to concerns since every kid’s childhood period should always be healthy because it is upon which their future health and other factors are based upon. Therefore, it is essential to keep the children healthy even though it becomes difficult every day with the changing lifestyles. Thus herein, I will discuss obesity among children and how this has affected them, what remedies can be taken for it, what will happen if it is not resolved and how to avoid it.

Different factors cause childhood obesity. It is a cause for alarm, especially for most parents, since it is an issue that affects the parents and caregivers of children who are given the responsibility to feed them and ensure their health growing up. Therefore in the desire to keep the children healthy and avoid malnutrition, most of the parents find themselves giving their children the wrong food, and through this, obesity is developed. This can also be associated with what is called ”love" for the children. This happens when a parent does not want their child to do any work at home and, therefore, encourages them to rest and do what makes them happy.

In this accord, some of the significant causes of obesity among kids are low diet, less or no physical exercise, psychological stress, genetic predisposition, among other factors (Saeed, 2020). Low diet is one of the significant causes of obesity among children. This is very well brought out in different aspects in which the children become obese due to eating junk food. Junk food is food that contains a lot of calories, and it is one of the primary contributing factors towards obesity. (Olivieri, 2020). This is often administered by guardians or parents who want to have their children have a good life without the knowledge or otherwise those parents who are not financially capable of providing a healthy diet to their children.

Lack of physical exercise is also another issue that comes along with obesity. Lack of exercise makes the body very comfortable and reluctant to do any work. This makes the person grow as they continue to feed. It is one of the contemporary problems which need immediate checking and solution otherwise the level of obesity among the young kids will continue to rise. This practice can be discouraged by making young people walk or do physical exercises as frequently as possible. Another cause of obesity is psychological stress. This is whereby the young children are stressed about issues which happen around their life, and once this happens, they retreat to do things like overeating which makes them susceptible to obesity. Therefore the more they continue stressing, the more they continue to become obese, and their health gets affected. Genetic predisposition is also a common factor when it comes to obesity (Saeed, 2020). This is because it comes from the family line, and therefore it is not a lack of exercise or stress or overeating. This is always difficult to deal with, but still, it is possible to deal with it (Olivieri, 2020).

According to CDC, 18.5 % of children aged between 2 years to 19 years had obesity. This is still a very high number, and it needs to be dealt with. However, as the age of the children grows, obesity also increases. The children 2 to five years had a 13.9% obesity rate, 6 to 11 years was 18.4%, while 12 to 19 years had the highest obesity level, which was 20.06%. With these statistics, it is easy for us to get to how society is evolving.

Along with these statistics also comes the effects of obesity which are not always pleasant among many individuals. The results of obesity can be divided into physical, emotional, and psychological ones. The physical effects include diseases and low body image due to obesity. Another problem associated with obesity is the inability to participate in games or physical activity since most of the children with obesity become losers and might be mocked by others if they are the causes of failure in any physical activity they undertake together.

The emotional and psychological effects of obesity among children are the most widespread, and they are of great importance to know them. Some of these include; low-self-esteem, humiliation, emotional eating, body dissatisfaction, anxiety, and depression. Having excess weight most of the time is humiliating, and the children live with it. At the same time, they feel bad about themselves, which lowers their self-esteem and makes it difficult for them to fully understand what they are going through and how it can be solved. Most people do not like the children who have excess body weight as they say that they are not appealing and are therefore excluded from most of the things done as groups and beneficial to them to a great degree.

Apart from these effects of obesity, long-term results are terrible and affect the children into adulthood. This may cause severe damage as they experience complicated health issues like diabetes, cancer, and other health complications. Heart disease is also a common effect of obesity among individuals, which puts their lives at risk. Therefore it is essential to look for solutions early enough and prevent these adverse effects from taking place in the lives of the people who are obese. It, therefore, starts from childhood, whereby obesity is identified and solutions brought forward which have to be worked on.

Some of the robust solutions and ways to deal with obesity in children include; healthy eating, physical exercises, activities, a lot of water consumption, home activities like tilling a garden, or house chores. Through these exercises and activities, the health of the obese children I assured to be reasonable and, therefore, are more likely to perform better and their obesity levels to go down or even end entirely if they are serious about their health state. It also comes with the parents supporting them and giving them conditions that help them be less obese and exercise like the house chores and encouragement to exercise (González, 2021). Apart from this, the parents should also provide a healthy diet for their children to not suffer from obesity.

The above method of solving obesity problems comes with the realization that exercise is an essential part of our lives. Apart from exercising to lose weight, it is even better and right to exercise for just being healthy. Therefore, it means that even if a person is obese and is healthy and not at risk of health issues, they are right. Good food and water consumption also help us to be healthy and therefore this should be stressed and made sure that the children follow it.

In conclusion, we can say that obesity among children is an issue which needs to be looked into and resolved as soon as possible. The primary responsibility lies with the parents. It is essential to help the children be better by leading them with an example of what they should do like exercising and eating healthy, since what is consumed is what becomes of us. This also comes with the cost of healthy living, be it monetary or sacrifices the children have to make healthy (Hollinghurst, 2014).

References

González-González, C. S., Gómez del Río, N., Toledo-Delgado, P. A., & García-Peñalvo, F. J. (2021). Active Game-Based Solutions for the Treatment of Childhood Obesity. Sensors, 21(4), 1266.

Hollinghurst, S., Hunt, L. P., Banks, J., Sharp, D. J., & Shield, J. P. (2014). Cost and effectiveness of treatment options for childhood obesity. Pediatric obesity, 9(1), e26-e34.

Olivieri, C. (2020). Childhood Obesity, Health & Nutrition and Its Effects on Learning. Journal for Leadership and Instruction, 19(1), 31-37.

Saeed, S., Arslan, M., Manzoor, J., Din, S. M., Janjua, Q. M., Ayesha, H., … & Froguel, P. (2020). Genetic Causes of Severe Childhood Obesity: A Remarkably High Prevalence in an Inbred Population of Pakistan. Diabetes, 69(7), 1424-1438.

My Career as an Early Educator

Student’s Name:

Instructor’s Name:

Course Name & Number:

Institution:

Date:

The job of being an early educator is one of the most engaging and fulfilling careers. I personally experience so much joy having the ability to pass on knowledge and skills to different young children who I come across. It is very fulfilling having to witness a child develop their cognitive skills as well as their all round ability under your tutelage. It essentially gives me a purpose to continue teaching and improving my expertise as a teacher. Reflecting on my leadership experiences, I believe I have made giant strides in as far as how I can become a great leader in both my school setting and general life. One of my great strengths has been the ability to accept the differences of my student’s background.

I have always had the belief of giving every child a fair chance at success and as such I always strive to give every child a platform to soar great heights in their education. I also have the strength of being adept at the type of teaching method that resonates well with my class. This ensures that my class is actively involved and that they always will be looking forward to attending their classes.an area of growth that I would most probably like to improve on would be my poor teamwork skills. I tend to do a lot of work on my own and spend a lot of time pondering on difficult decisions, when it could be easier with the right help from my colleagues.

I hope to acquire new knowledge from this course that will help me in the administration duties, strategies, policy formulation and the ways to implement them in a way that is beneficial to my students. A lot of time, teachers can get so much engrossed in class work, such that they forget or ignore knowing more about administration duties especially considering it is a fundamental part of early childhood education.