Category: Uncategorized

Motivation At Work Application At Making Of Hotplates

Contents

TOC o “1-3” h z u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc379447670 h 1Changes in the workplace accounting for increase in productivity and decrease in controllable rejects PAGEREF _Toc379447671 h 1What might account for the drop in absenteeism and the increase in moral PAGEREF _Toc379447672 h 2The major changes in the situation, changes were under the control of the manager, which were controlled by workers? PAGEREF _Toc379447673 h 2What might happen if the workers went back to the old assembly line method? PAGEREF _Toc379447674 h 3

IntroductionIn the case study, Making of Hotplates, Workers seems to be having jobs which are extremely specialized. Each task is balanced for three minutes per each station making the work to be extremely monotonous to the workers making them to become unhappy, Because of unhappiness of workers at the workplace; these would have resulted in poor morale as well as low motivation. Motivation in the workplace is a form of force that makes the employees to do things which will result to high production by having an inspiration of completing the tasks allocated. When there is motivation in organization, the employees try to put more effort to increase the output standard (Whiteley, 2002). This paper analyzes the importance of motivation to the workers in the workplace and problems that result when there is low motivation.

Changes in the workplace accounting for increase in productivity and decrease in controllable rejects

An increase in productivity and a decrease in controllable rejects are due to the change introduced in the workplace. The enlargement of job in the workplace gave the workers a higher percentage of total tasks which was scheduled for the workers. Instead of the workers working on one subassembly for many hotplates, they manage to finish the entire hotplate at once then moving on to another hotplate allowing them to be responsible for more portions of other tasks. The workers on the other hand also felt more motivated and so the overall productivity increased. Motivation in organization always drives many workers forward. Little motivation on individual subassemblies make workers to be careless as well as, slow, however when they feel motivated by each having an ownership of the entire hotplate “Now it is my hotplate” enabling them to have the control of the defects and, producing more products (Stack, 2010).

The individual work seemed to have been provided a sense of clarity and speed therefore, increasing the productivity since each individual chose a goal to meet and creating a plan of actions that need to be followed. Increase in productivity could have also been brought by the idea that there are some employees who cannot work well when they are in a team; however they can do much better if they are given individual tasks where they make quicker decision since there is no need for discussion and explanation. Because of these, the work was done quickly hence increasing the productivity and decreasing the controllable reject (Stack, 2010)..

What might account for the drop in absenteeism and the increase in moralThe drop in absenteeism and the increase in morale were due to the increase that was brought about by satisfaction of workers with what they were doing in their jobs. Satisfaction is a sense of job which is worth to be done, or being contented with a task. Overspecialization of job design is brought due to job dissatisfaction, this is because, many workers no longer feel the sense of ownership or control over what they do as their jobs. They fail to feel the self-fulfilled as they have no opportunity of advancing in their jobs resulting in a tedious as well as monotonous work. All the above mentioned factors create unhappiness to the workers creating a tendency of absenteeism (Woerkom & Poell 2010.

The major changes in the situation, changes were under the control of the manager, which were controlled by workers?The major changes in the situation were the enlargement and enrichment of the work where there were so many responsibilities for the infections of final work which was added. The changes which were under the control of the manager is a change in the situation where the manager changed various jobs by reorganizing work lines creating range of movements as well as, setting tasks for each worker. Training program was also added by the manager to the workers where they were left by themselves to decide if they would like the new program or go back to the old one. The training program as well as, decision-making ability also contributed to motivation and workers empowering. Workers on the other hand, are the only people who have the ability of increasing the quality as well as productivity. However, managers alone cannot change errors which can lead to defects in the business. Because of that, they tend to punish the workers not knowing that it is the system that causes an error while not the mistake of individuals to fail making difference in business. Managers have also made it easier for workers to be more efficient and productive by setting job designs which are effective, the manager also maintained the quality of product by increasing the satisfaction as well as improving morale (Rush, 2008).

What might happen if the workers went back to the old assembly line method?If the workers happen to go back to the old assembly line method, the problem will absolutely arise suppose the method was reinstated. There would be dissatisfaction and low motivation for the workers making things to get worse and worse since they would have seen better ways of work approach. In most cases, the management did not have problems with the workers deliberately sabotaging the flow of work in an organization; it is therefore possible that, the managers might start practicing such behaviors under those circumstances. Workers would never feel the responsible for the quality of the individual hotplates compared to what they seem to do now while the gains made would also be lost instantly.

References

Rush, H. M. (2008). Job design for motivation; [experiments in job enlargement and job enrichment,. New York: Conference Board.

Stack, L. (2010). Super competent the six keys to perform at your productive best. New York: Wiley.

Whiteley, P. (2002). Motivation. London: Capstone Pub..

Woerkom, M. V., & Poell, R. F. (2010). Workplace learning: concepts, measurement, and application. New York: Routledge.

Adoption of Square Payroll by Great Lakes Brewing Company for better Processes and Higher Sustainability

Name:

Title: Accounting Manager

For: The Company and IT Steering Committee

Executive Summary

Our company should strive to determine and embrace the most suitable system that facilitates the attainment of our target goal and objectives of ensuring sustainability, more efficiency, higher-convenience, reduced costs of operation, higher accuracy, and more transparency. Unfortunately, we have been relying on a payroll system that is less-automated and does not have a mobile app. Accordingly, this report relies on TELOS and NPV analysis to determine the most suitable system. Subsequently, exhaustive analysis and evaluation of available systems with regards to feasibility by considering aspects such as required resources, and desired outcomes would reveal the most suitable one for our organization. Fortunately, Square Payroll system acts as the most appropriate one since it has higher feasibility capacities. Also, the project would facilitate the attainment of all the desired goals and objectives on matters concerning payroll processes. Even so, this document elaborates on some alternative systems that Great Lakes Brewing Company could adopt to realize all or the majority of its target goals and objectives.

Business Case/Statement of Needs

Our company has benefited immensely from an antiquated payroll system that has been in operation for over ten years. However, it is high time that our organization determines and adopts a better payroll software to realize more efficiencies, higher accuracy, reduced operation costs, and higher transparency and sustainability. 

As an organization that significantly values its employees, we should adopt a payroll system that satisfies the demands and needs of all workers. Unfortunately, our workers find it difficult and almost impossible to access and learn how our payments to them are processed. Accordingly, we should choose a payroll system with ease of access and use by every employee. Thus, we should determine a suitable payroll system with a Mobile App to encourage remote and convenient access. Moreover, a suitable payroll system would allow employees to access, analyze, and evaluate their remunerations and relevant deductions with relative ease and comfort.

Moreover, our company should adopt a more transparent and reliable payroll system that offers all the essential details and reports to every worker and our accountants. Since our firm embraces and encourages employees to own stock, it is crucial to ensure that a highly-reliable and easy-to-study payroll system is adopted to promote workers’ satisfaction. That is, each employee would probably be more most concerned with details such as applicable State and Federal taxes, the number of paid hours per employee, and the date of depositing money in banks. 

Additionally, our company should adopt an appropriate payroll system that promotes continued prosperity and sustainability. As an entity whose primary focus is on sustainable development, it is crucial that we rely on a payroll system that facilitates the attainment of our goal by minimizing operation costs, encouraging more efficiency, and exhibiting reasonable adaptability to the ever-changing work environment (Gatrell, Reid & Steiger, 2018). Accordingly, a suitable payroll system should always remain efficient and up-to-date. Unfortunately, our current system is outdated and lacks vital support services. 

Further, the current payroll system is less-efficient because some of its processes are not automated. For instance, the system relies on manual updating of tax percentages. Consequently, accountants consume substantial efforts and time in processing payrolls for the workers. Therefore, we should embrace a more automated system to ensure higher efficiency, accuracy, and speed (Haris, 2003). Also, we need a system that provides a direct deposit of funds to employees’ bank accounts for speedy payments. Moreover, we would drastically reduce the amount of money that we spend on printing paychecks for employees. 

Goals of the Project

This project endeavors to identify and elaborate on a suitable payroll system that our firm should embrace to encourage more efficiency, higher accuracy, reduced operation costs, higher transparency and sustainability, and more automation in our organization with regards to our payroll system. Thus, this project analyzes and evaluates on available payroll systems that our firm could adopt to realize such objectives and goals.

Constraints

This research study relies on TELOS analysis to determine the most appropriate payroll system for our firm. TELOS analysis plays vital roles in elaborating on feasibility of a project (Šerman, Glavaš, Vukobratović & Kraus, 2017). The first constraint that influences this project is sustainability. As a firm whose primary aim is to ensure sustainability, a suitable payroll system would encourage the attainment of such a goal. Accordingly, we should determine and embrace a payroll system that would remain effective, efficient, and reliable over an extended period. Besides, we should adopt a system that is compatible with a wide array of devices, including mobile phones and computers.

Secondly, we should identify, purchase, and install an affordable yet efficient and effective payroll system. Since we engage in a number of events that are meant to support the local communities while conserving the environment, we should acquire a comparatively cheap payroll system to save significant amounts of money. Still, we need a system whose maintenance is less costly.

Additionally, we need a system that attracts a smooth and seamless transition from our current payroll system. Specifically, we need a better and more automated system compared to the one we are using. Moreover, an appropriate system would facilitate the accurate transfer of vital details from the current system. Also, a suitable system would aid in determining and highlighting failures and mistakes in the existing system to encourage timely corrections, thus helping our firm in avoiding unnecessary penalties and fines. For example, a suitable system would reveal pending Federal or state taxes. Still, we need a system that is compatible with available devices, including those that are used by the current system. Therefore, we need a system that improves the existing. 

Also, we need a system that will not demand advanced skills and knowledge from the users. Instead, a suitable system would require some basic training while causing insignificant impacts with regards to the smooth operations of our organization. That is, we need a system that would encourage continued operations during the installation, training of employees, and subsequent use. Since our employees and accountants would continue accomplishing their tasks and responsibilities during the adoption of the new system, we have limited time for training.  

Furthermore, we need a system that meets legal requirements to operate in the US where our firm is placed. Specifically, we need a system that ensures the deduction and remittance of all the necessary taxes while ensuring timely and accurate payment of employees to avoid unnecessary lawsuits. 

Time Vs. Relevancy 

We need a payroll system that would be in full operation in the next five months. Since our firm encourages its employees to take ownership of the organization’s stock, a suitable payroll system should be adopted and implemented within the shortest time possible to speed up the ownership process (forbes.com, 2019). Employees could need to gain a better understanding of how the firm has been operating with regards to the remittance of federal and state taxes as well as the processing of staff salaries. Such information could be necessary to facilitate informed decisions on matters about ownership of the organization.

Besides, we need a system that would remain relevant, effective, and efficient over an extended period because we are concerned with sustainability. Still, we need a system that would attract more convenience and efficiency while reducing operating costs in the short run. Thus, we need a more automated system to get rid of the costly practice of printing paychecks for employees. Precisely, we need a system that would lead to a drastic reduction in the cost of handling payroll, hence encouraging more saves withing a short while.

Impacts

Impact: Costs and Risks

Although a suitable system would facilitate the attainment of the above-stated goals and objectives, certain costs and risks could occur. First, a new system could have some hidden costs, such as those required for upgrading software or conducting relevant maintenance services. Unfortunately, virtually every appealing project has hidden costs (Weibel, Rost & Osterloh, 2010). Besides, a new payroll system may discourage identification and exploration of other opportunities that could emerge in the market place. For example, it could be difficult and costly for our firm to adopt better payroll systems in the future. Still, the new system may fail to deliver its promises. Manufacturers and promoters of current payroll systems could have used unproven claims and characteristics to boost sales rather than providing accurate information.

Moreover, a new system could result in unwanted delays and disruptions from the usual operations of our firm. For instance, employees and accountants may become demonstrate lower performance as they adjust to the use of a new system. Also, our organization could incur certain costs while training accountants and other employees on how the new system works. Still, some employees may exhibit some dissatisfaction with the use of a new system. Finally, the system may prove unprofitable in the long-term because extra costs such as those for maintenance may occur. Therefore, our organization may experience additional costs and risks that are not easily noticeable.

Impact: Benefits and Opportunities 

 A new payroll system could attract vital benefits and opportunities for our organization. Although a project could appear less attractive, certain hidden opportunities and benefits would render it beneficial after implementation (Grant, Teller & Teller, 2005). First, our firm may realize substantial savings and profits from the long-term use of the system. Precisely, the practice of automating almost every process and elimination of paperwork would result in more efficiency, accuracy, and a dramatic reduction in operation costs (Haris, 2003). Besides, it could become easier for our organization to adopt other improved payroll systems after embracing a new one. Moreover, our staff, especially accountants, could become more productive and efficient when handling their roles and responsibilities. As a result, employees could become more satisfied and motivated, following timely and accurate payment of their salaries.

Also, a new system could lead to significant changes with regard to payroll processes. For instance, employees could gain the opportunity to edit details on their payroll system, while accountants and the human resource manager would have to check and confirm the information in the system. Still, our firm could realize better competitive standing by ensuring timely and accurate processing and remittance of state and federal taxes as well as employee salaries. Subsequently, our firm would attract more competent individuals following an improved reputation. Therefore, a new system could attract essential benefits and opportunities that are not easily noticeable.

Potential Solution/ Recommendation

Our organization would realize its target goal and objectives by purchasing and using the Square Payroll system (McQuarrie, 2020). Square Payroll software is one of the most affordable payrolls in the market. Accordingly, our firm will spend relatively little amounts of funds to acquire, install, and use the software. As a medium-sized company with a focus on encouraging sustainability, it advisable that we acquire Square Payroll to minimize expenditures on matters concerning payroll. Unfortunately, Square Payroll has a limited number of add-on features compared with other payroll systems such as QuickBooks and Gusto. Since our key concern is on ensuring an efficient and effective system, we should adopt Square Payroll because it offers all the basic and vital features. Besides, Square Payroll relies on low cost-maintenance tends to be low. Precisely, our organization would be paying about $29 every month to acquire payroll services from the online platform.

Moreover, Square Payroll is the best option because it has a mobile app for Android and Ios, hence attracts more convenience for accountants, human resource manager and the employees. As such, our organization and employees would not have to acquire expensive computers and phones to utilize the software. Thus, employees and the organization would not incur extra costs of purchasing new phones and computers since they can install the app on their current devices.

Additionally, Square Payroll does not demand advanced skills and knowledge from the users. Instead, its basic features are relatively easier to use and discourages complexity. As a result, users would quickly identify the icon and feature to use. As a result, our organization would spend comparatively little amount of time, funds and relevant resources in training the staffs on the use of the software. Therefore, it will take a relatively short time for our firm to acquire, install and use the Square Payroll system. 

Further, Square Payroll is suitable for our firm because it facilitates smooth switch from the existing payroll system. Specifically, Square Payroll automatically retrieves vital documents and details from the current system (McQuarrie, 2020). Besides, it checks for any errors and mistakes with regards to functions such as payment of Federal and state taxes and employee salaries in the current system. Subsequently, our organization would avoid the otherwise costly, tedious and timeconsuming practice of switching from one payroll system to the other.

Accordingly, we should acquire and install Square Payroll system within the next few months to ensure we realize our target goals and objectives without delays. Moreover, all employees and accountants should strive and ensure that they have appropriate smartphones to facilitate ease of access and use of the new payroll system. Nonetheless, our organization should encourage ease of access and use of all the available computers and phones by every staff member so that those without the required devices do not feel excluded from the new system.

Still, Square Payroll would work best for our organization because it automatically updates all the crucial federal and state deductions. As such, our organization would comply with all the necessary legal requirements by accurately paying taxes on time. Similarly, Square Payroll encourages speedy and accurate payment of employees since it automates virtually all the relevant processes. Accordingly, our organization would avoid costly lawsuits that could emanate from practices such as delayed or incorrect payments. Therefore, Square Payroll is legally feasible for our firm.

However, it is relatively difficult to tell if Square Payroll will remain effective and efficient over an extended period because it is one of the newest payroll systems in the market. Hence, the software could exhibit some technical problems, especially with regards to the use of mobile app. Moreover, the Square Payroll may not prove attractive to the users due to its limited features. Also, Square Payroll could be missing some useful features that could attract better performance. Therefore, further research studies should be conducted to collect information from firms that have adopted the use of Square Payroll before purchasing, installing and using it.

Alternative Solutions

Although Square Payroll could be the best solution for our organization, alternative payroll systems that could effectively deliver the desired goals and objectives exist. First, Gusto could be the best alternative since it has more features and higher-performance compared with Square Payroll. Moreover, Gusto has a mobile app, thus attracts more convenience among its users (McQuarrie, 2020). Also, Gusto has gained good repuration and proves to be highly-efficient and effective. Still, the system is highly-automated for speedy and accurate processes. Besides, Gusto is legally feasible for our firm because it facilitates accurate and timely payment of state and federal taxes . However, Gusto is comparatively more expensive since its software cost over $39 per month. Still, Gusto demands advanced skills, hence, more training resources would be used to develop employees and accauntants. Further, Gusto does not have a reliable and readily available support because its support team is operate daytime on weekdays only. Hence, our firm’s payroll system could remain unoperational during weekends or at night when a technical hitch occurs. Hence, Gusto does not appear as the most suitable system for our organization.

The other alternative is OnPay. This payroll system could partially meet the required goals and objectives. The system offers payroll basics that facilitate accomplishment of virtually all the necessary processes in medium-sized businesses. As such, it could make a sutiable option because it does not require the use of advanced skills and extensive training. Luckily, OnPay provides employee onboarding guidelines to encourage switft adoption. Still, OnPay is legally feasible for our firm and other organizations in the US because it facilitates timely and accurate tax filing. Unfortunately, the system attracts inconviniences among its users since does not have a mobile app. Moreover it is relatively expensive for our firm to use OnPay system because it requires over $36 as maintenance fee every month (McQuarrie, 2020). Therefore, our firm’s focus on sustainability and support for local communities may be compromised by lack of adequate funds because OnPay requires money. Therefore, our firm should not acquire and use OnPay because it does not meet the specifications and requirements.

References

Gatrell, J., Reid, N., & Steiger, T. L. (2018). Branding spaces: Place, region, sustainability and the American craft beer industry. Applied Geography, 90, 360-370.

Grant, D. B., Teller, C., & Teller, W. (2005). ‘Hidden’opportunities and benefits in using web-based business-to-business surveys. International Journal of Market Research, 47(6), 641-666.

Great Lakes Brewing Company. (2019). Retrieved 8 March 2020, from https://www.forbes.com/companies/great-lakes-brewing-company/?list=best-small-companies#6c2e5c2e5fc6Haris, M. H. (2003). Automated payroll system (Doctoral dissertation, German-Malaysia Institute).

McQuarrie, K. (2020). Best Small Business Payroll Software 2020 | Business.org. Retrieved 8 March 2020, from https://www.business.org/finance/accounting/best-payroll-software/#OnPay_reviewŠerman, B., Glavaš, H., Vukobratović, M., & Kraus, Z. (2017). TELOS Feasibility Analysis of Photovoltaic Power Plant. Applied Engineering Letters, 2(3), 91.

Weibel, A., Rost, K., & Osterloh, M. (2010). Pay for performance in the public sector—Benefits and (hidden) costs. Journal of public administration research and theory, 20(2), 387-412.

Causes of Poverty in Developing World Today

Student’s Name

Institution

Causes of Poverty in Developing World TodayWhat are the devastating causes of poverty in the developing world today? It is an inquisitive question with a wide range of answers starting from corruption, illiteracy, political instability, limited social amenities, low technology level and rural-urban migration among many other social and economic factors. Poverty is a degrading issue in the third world countries that threaten the well-being of the civilians in these nations. With poverty the general economic level of the country low when it comes to the gross domestic income and per capita income. There are various strategies put in place to eradicate these poverty causing factors in different parts the world. Sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia, and the Caribbean are put in consideration in the discussion regarding causes of poverty in the developing world today.

To start with Sub-Saharan Africa, Congo nation will be put in consideration in evaluating the various causes of poverty in the region. In Congo, corruption is the primary cause poverty that makes people face lots challenges in establishing the everyday life requirements. Despite the fact that the nation has vast of natural resources, Congo poverty has been the topic of the penetrating throughout the entire parts of the country. The mining industry has been one central sector in the country that has been entirely ruled by corruption (Gaynor, 2015). The local people own the land where these valuable minerals and industrial raw materials are mined, but all the benefits go to the few wealthy merchants in the Congo. The people in the lower class level are used as a source of labor to the mining industries where they are subjected low wages and unconducive working environment conditions. Apart from corruption, lack of investments, diseases, and other natural calamities also plays a significant role in causing poverty in Congo.

In the Caribbean, Haiti is one of the nations that significantly face poverty. In winning its independence, it significantly took a long time for Haiti to undergo the revolution process which effectively left the national power. Foreign ownership, inadequate food, and deforestation, as well as soil erosion, are among the depriving causes of poverty in the region. Foreign investors and other unfamiliar people have significantly taken a large sector of the country’s economy. For example through the land ownership and investing in other industrial areas, while the local people who face financial constraints act as a source of labor (Raybould, et al. 2017). Inadequate food to sustain the entire population in Haiti also serves a significant cause of poverty in Haiti. Without food, people are not productive when it comes to working as well as enhancing other economic developments. Soil erosion, as well as deforestation, on the other hand, cause soil erosion where the fertile soils are carried away leading low agricultural production in Haiti.

Today, Poverty exists in all the parts of the universe when it comes to the third world countries as well as in the modern world. China is an excellent example of such developed world where poverty is a major degrading factor. Among the significant causes of poverty in the China include rural-urban migration, education gap, and access to healthcare as well as the adopted agricultural lifestyle (Piachaud, 2017). The rural-urban migration significantly leads to poverty in China where a high number of people move to the cities where they are overcrowded leading to devastating living conditions. The poor people in the nation leads to largely depends on the agriculture. They do not have adequate income to carry out advanced agricultural production thus end having low products.

As discussed above, Congo, Haiti, and China are among the developing countries in the world that are faced with the high level of poverty. It harshens the people’s living condition in the affected nations. Poverty dramatically leads to economic instability as well as influencing the social way of living among the affected societies. The governments, as well as other international bodies, have to efficiently support the affected communities whether financially or in different practical ways that will enhance agricultural and industrial development.

References

Gaynor, N. (2015). Poverty amid plenty: structural violence and local governance in western Congo. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 33(3), 391-410.

Piachaud, D. (2017). Reflections on Inequality and Poverty in China. In Social Policy Reform in China (pp. 103-110). Routledge.

Raybould, S., Ward, T., Burnett, R., Manikam, L., Tibe, M., & Munslow, B. (2017). Problems of dual vulnerability in nutrition: A qualitative study of older persons caring for under 5‐year‐olds in post‐disaster Haiti. The International journal of health planning and management.

ADP software is well designed to support the best practices of performance management systems. From its features the software is flexible and allows for reporting in the report section where there is a wide range to choose to range from payrolls, earning summaries, taxes benefits and others. The departments can customize these reports to how they best want it. The time recording and attendance is a feature that comes with ADP software that makes the record of hours simpler. According to the 2012 research by Pay Stream Advisors, 47% admitted that manual processing of employee information was a great challenge to them (“ADP”, n.d). The time recording and attendance feature make it easy to track employee working hours since it is automated. ADP integrating with ZipRecruiter makes hiring easier creating the best way to recruit top talent. These are some of the features of the software that support best practices of performance management systems.

SilkRoad being a talent acquisition software comes with best features that support talent management systems. The first feature id the recruitment that makes it easy to hire employees by enabling recruiters to source employees online. Onboarding feature makes it easy to create and easily personalize the onboarding journey including customized payrolls. The performance part in the software allows for the best practices in Performances management where employees own their performance through frequent check-ins, feedback and goal setting (“SilkRoad” n.d). This allows for the connection between an employee and the manager where they can engage. Both software allows for best practices in the performance systems through some of the features stated above.

References

SilkRoad Performance Pricing, Features, Reviews & Comparison of Alternatives (n.d) retrieved from https://www.getapp.com/hr-employee-management-software/a/silkroad-performance-wingspan/ADP Run Review (n.d) retrieved from https://selecthub.com/hris/payroll-solutions/adp-run-review/

Motivation For College Application

Student’s Name

Institution Of Affiliation

Instructor

Course

Date

Motivation For College Application

My desire is to pursue nursing and I hope through nursing I will be able to reach as many people as possible and take care of them as I have a caring personality. One of the major career goals I would like to achieve is not only becoming a nurse but also becoming a senior nurse and an instructor. After I finish my initial studies of becoming a nurse I would like to practice and after a while go back to school to further my studies in the field of nursing and enable other young people to take care of the patients in hospitals who need care given to them. I chose nursing because being a nurse feels the best thing to me. This is because through nursing I will be able to interact with patients, know what their problems are and try to help them to the best of my ability. The human connection, love and care that is needed for nursing describes me as well as the hard work that is needed for nurses. Nursing also provides a person with a platform for them to be able to take care of others and not just to focus on themselves. Focusing on oneself even though important is not the most important thing to do when it comes to caring for other people and therefore the best thing to do in the case of a nurse is to focus on the patients and that is what I would like to do. The desire to become a nurse therefore motivated me to apply for college since there is where I will learn on how to take care of patients and learn what it takes to make a good nurse.

Some of my personal goals for applying to college is that the college I applied to is one of the best and it is a good one. Another reason is that the college has a very good environment through which I can be able to freely interact and make friends whole at the same time making sure that I am on the course of making sure that my scores and performance is good in my course as a nurse. I have had many accomplishments and experiences which have made me come up with the desire to become a nurse. One of these experiences have been the learning about first aid and how to take care of injured people. When I did the course, I got to learn how nursing is important even though it can be a difficult job at times as some people do not wish to be consoled or it can be very difficult to take care of a person for example who has lost all their family members. One thing that made me understand myself better was the pharmacy job I did and the different types of volunteers works I have done and all I have seen is the importance of taking care of people and therefore I decided to become a nurse and take care of all the people who are sick or who needs a nurses help.

Name

Professor

Course

Date

Table of Contents

C TOC o “1-3” h z u auses of Soccer Not Being Very Popular in US PAGEREF _Toc321666696 h 3Introduction PAGEREF _Toc321666697 h 3Status of Soccer in the U.S PAGEREF _Toc321666698 h 3Reasons Why Soccer is Not Very Popular in the US. PAGEREF _Toc321666699 h 4Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc321666700 h 6Works Cited PAGEREF _Toc321666701 h 8Appendix PAGEREF _Toc321666702 h 9

Causes of Soccer Not Being Very Popular In USIntroductionProfessional soccer in the US has grown less popular than in most other regions of the world. The U.S professional first-division league, the Major League Soccer (MLS) is not, generally, as attractive in comparison to the American baseball and football major leagues. However, the importance of soccer in the United States has continued to grow since the 1990s. The major reason being the fact that in1994, the U.S hosted the FIFA World Cup for the first time. The general league structure in the U.S is considerably different from that employed in nearly all other parts of the globe, but comparable to that employed by other sports leagues in the U.S. This is evident in that, it lacks a relegation and promotion system between the lower and higher leagues, but utilizes a minor league system. It is essential to note that, despite its definite popularity in the world’s sports arena and in spite of recent achievements, U.S soccer continues to thrive only in the minor leagues. This is despite the development of the soccer market in the U.S since the World Cup in 1994, the MLS teams go on to struggling despite their projected market potential (Markovits 12).

STATUS OF SOCCER IN THE U.SIn the U.S there are four most important sports namely: the National Football League plays football, the Major League Baseball plays baseball, the National Basketball Association plays basketball, while the National Hockey League plays hockey. These four major sports are entirely characteristic of the American identity and culture. As a result of competition from other kinds of sports, soccer in the U.S has continued to struggle to achieve an economic grip in the country. The economic, cultural, as well as psychological space accessible for sport is narrow and that space is already full. This may be seen in the fact that the MLS continues to loose dramatically in TV deals, average salaries, as well as revenues in comparison with other key US sport. Since its inception in 1996, the MLS has lost approximately $350 million. Secondly, the average MLS player salary is approximately $115,000, while a basketball player earns an average salary of approximately $5.3 million (Stewart 101).

Reasons Why Soccer is Not Very Popular in US. The U.S overcrowded its sports space with only three games thus diminishing the chances of soccer of being integrated into the sports culture of the U.S. these factors demonstrate that the U.S has not acknowledged soccer as a mainstream sport. In the history of the United States, this nation has always resisted external influence (Foer 62). This can also be the case in regard to soccer, since soccer is perceived as a European sport. Therefore it fails to be acknowledged along with the sports that were invented in America, like, basketball, baseball, and football. In addition a large assortment of sports to select from, there are a number of more reasons why soccer fails to rank highly in popularity in the U.S. One of the major factors is scoring limitations in the sport. Some observers define soccer as a sport whereby 22 players run up and down on a grass field for one and a half hours with few incidents as fans shout wildly. This kind of a description recapitulates the overall American perception and attitude in regard to soccer. Baseball might be regarded as America’s most favorite pastime, that sports enthusiast would rather watch.  For the majority of Americans, soccer does not have a sufficient amount scoring. Although soccer players might be the best-conditioned sportspersons in the world, the American fans may probably prefer to watch less running in the field and more scoring. 

The majority of Americans perceive soccer as a low-scoring, slow-paced, and unexciting game. This perception of soccer is fairly precise when comparing the soccer to other sports like basketball, hockey, or American football. Scores of Americans are of the opinion that it fits in American culture to abhor soccer. Some observers are of the opinion that the hatred soccer in the U.S is increasingly American way of life. However, the lack of interest has more to do with the comparatively low scores in the soccer games. According to American sports enthusiasts, teams are loved because they score, since scoring is a tangible achievement that can be acknowledged, quantified, compared, tabulated, analyzed, and, primarily increased. This forms the American way of life (Trecker 6).

Youth involvement in soccer in the U.S has been associated with high school in such a way that, once the youth graduates from high school, participation in soccer drops. A major reason for this may be the fact that soccer is not showcased adequately in the media and consequently, it is not perceived as an adequately lucrative, professional option. Fundamentally, soccer in the U.S does not transition into a mainstream sport that is pursued by the majority of American fans. 

Though a number of American sports enthusiasts may refute it, the U.S is mesmerized by sporting violence. The attractiveness of American football is a demonstration of America’s adoration of sporting violence as well as aggressive behavior. Basketball as well, has evolved from the finesse sport it was to a reasonably violent game. Soccer definitely has intensity as well as some degree of contact, but it is not mean enough for the American fans (Warfield 32).

Commentators, sports writers, athletes, as well as American politicians continue to speak negatively in regard to the game. Jack Kemp, an ex- quarterback in Buffalo Bills, and also one of the most prominent conservatives in the 1980’s, tried to influence the US Congress to endorse a resolution that attempted prevent the US from playing host to the 1994 World Cup. According to Kemp, a distinction ought to be made that American football is democratic, and capitalistic, while soccer is a socialist sport from Europe. According to an influential sports commentator, Jim Rome, soccer does not fit in the definition of a sport, and therefore should not appear on his TV shows. These two Americans represent a vast majority of Americans who feel that soccer does not represent the American culture as well as history, but rather it represents the history and culture of European countries as well as their ways of life (Stotlar 89).

According to Hellerman and Markovits the issue revolves around the concept of American exceptionalism in regard to the global order, as well as how this exceptionalism, as well as influences the sporting space in the U.S. American sports depicts an entirely different relationship in regard to nationalism, compared to that of soccer played in rest of the world. This sense of self-contained nationalism that acts differently from the rest of the global arena typifies America’s most important sports, namely baseball, football, and basketball. Through the comprehensive analysis of Hellerman and Markovits, the unpopularity of soccer to emerge as a main sport in the U.S has far-reaching cultural as well as historical roots that are demonstrated in a comparative perspective to other modernized and industrial nations (Trecker 9).

Probably the unpopularity of soccer in the U.S is as a result of its diversity as a sport and depiction of a cross-section of America, in regard to the players, as well as the fan base. These range from stereotypical urban Latinos to white sub-urbanites. If the major three sports are primarily dominated by the working poor, and middle class in distinction to the white, sub-urban affluence associated with soccer, then race and class are definitely concerns that inform the unpopularity of soccer in the U.S.

CONCLUSIONHowever, even though soccer may not be traditionally perceived as a major sport America, it is currently growing in popularity. The 2006 World Cup for instance, witnessed the highest viewer numbers for a soccer match ever in the U.S. These are highly hypothetical arguments.  It is essential to cite a few survey data from a study conducted by Foer (2010).  The study entailed a mail analysis of 21,106 adults in the U.S conducted in the initial quarter of 2010.  According to this survey, 4.6% of the study respondents claimed that they had engaged in playing soccer in the past 1 year (see Appendices 1, figure 1. The figure depicts the incidences by gender, age, county size, household income, and education. Demographically, the soccer players in the U.S are fundamentally a broad range of individuals from diverse social structures. The men, they are younger than the women, who are primarily college-age, and 35 to 44 years of age. As measure of urbanization, the study utilizes the county sizes variable. The “A” counties are found in the largest metropolitan regions like Queens, Kings, and New York counties in New York City, Los Angeles county in Los Angeles, Cook county in Chicago. Whereas the “D” counties are found in the hinterlands, which have several hundreds of households scattered over a huge area. The results of the survey demonstrate that soccer playing has a higher incidence in the urban areas, while the soccer players have a propensity to be better educated as well as more affluent.

Works CitedFoer, F. How Soccer enlightens the World: An Implausible Globalization Theory, New York: HarperCollins, 2010.Print.

Markovits, S. Soccer & the American Exceptionalism. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008. Print.

Stewart, G. Quest for Value. N.Y. HarperCollins. 2007. Print.

Stotlar, D. Developing Successful Sports Sponsorship Programs. Macmillan: London. 2010. Print.

Trecker, K. “Cup & Cuts Brightens MLS Outlook.” Journal of Sports & Business 5. 2(2010): pp 6-9. Print.

Warfield, T. “Donovan Returns a Kick For the League”. Journal of Sports & Business 50.3 (2009): pp. 27- 32. Print.

AppendixFigure 1

Name

Professor

Course

Date

Needs and Motivation

Motivation is a difficult topic. A number of approaches try to explain how motivation works. In management, the most known descriptions of motivation in regards to needs of the employees. There are factors that motivate a person; these factors are found within a person. However, there are other factors outside the person can also have effects on the person. Every person has needs that he or she wants to be satisfied. All people have needs that they want satisfied. In management, there are several theories of motivation and needs (Cliffs Notes 1). This essay will discuss the Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs theory and how it is applied in Southwest according to the “People” section of 2011 Southwest One Report.

Maslow was and industrial psychologist who studied human behavior. He said that human needs can be arranged in a hierarchy as individuals progress from the lower level to the higher level needs. Individuals would be motivated to fulfill whichever needs were important to them at a given time. These needs include self-actualization needs, Ego/esteem needs, socio-affiliation needs, safety/security needs, and physiological needs (Lauby 1).

The Southwest satisfies the physiological needs of their employees by putting them first and offering them an opportunity to pursue good health. The need for safety and security is catered for by creating financial security for the employees. The socio-affiliation needs are taken care of by allowing employees to travel and socialize, have fun and stay connected. Making a positive difference caters for the ego and self-esteem needs of the employees. Self-actualization needs are met by allowing employees to learn and grow, create and innovate, and work hard to achieve their goals. The Southwest’s way, of motivating employees, is a good one and if I were one of its employees I would be positively motivated to work harder. I would work to achieve both personal and organizational goals. Putting employees first is a good way of motivation.

Works Cited

Name

Professor

Course

Date

Global warming

The earth is the only planet that records the existence of living organisms. Living organisms are all things that contain life namely plants and animals. Human beings are classified as the highest forms of animals making them responsible for the environment. As inhabitants of the environment, human beings have a responsibility of monitoring the activities of all living things. This responsibility has however been misused in that the environment continues to depreciate in value. One of the reasons for this depreciation is the existence of global warming. Global warming is caused by the change in normal temperatures of the globe. The change in the temperature is mostly triggered by the human activity which increases by the minute. Global warming has thus become one of the current environmental discussions. The solution to the question of global warming is evident in that individuals should practice safe keeping of the environment. This however is not the case in that people continue to undermine the seriousness of this situation. One of the ways of eradicating this issue is by imposing harsh penalties of primary offenders. This however is not enough to stop the abuse of the environment leaving the environment at the mercy of human beings (Maslin, p. 321).

The focus of this paper is to provide an analysis on global warming. The paper looks at different contributing elements to global warming. This involves the study of related issues that the environment experiences involving the climate. The paper forms its basis through the definition of significant terms in this area of study. This is followed by the discussion of the causes and effects of global warming to the environment. The paper further provides a concluding paragraph that summarizes the contents of the analysis.

Global warming is the change of the temperature of the due to the reaction of the greenhouse gases and the environment. The temperature of the earth is essential for the survival of the living organisms. This temperature is thus crucial to the extent that failure to maintain it can destroy the living organisms. There are several factors that contribute to global warming of the environment. Some of these factors are natural factors that are mostly cannot be avoided. Natural factors are not as dangerous owing to the fact that they are the least harmful elements of change. The other factor that contributes to the change in temperature is manmade activities. Manmade activities play a significant role as an agent of environmental change. Most of these activities are avoidable but remain to the biggest culprits.

Climate change has on several occasions been confused with global warming. This has in turn misleads the society on the true meaning of global warming. Climate change has a completely different meaning from global warming making both factors have different implications on the environment. Climate change is referred to as the change in temperatures, weather and seasons of the environment. Climate change varies from one location to another depending on conditions of the area. Like global warming, climate change is affected by both man made and natural factors (Maslin, p. 208).

Greenhouse gases Greenhouse gases are gases that inhibit solar radiation from penetrating to the atmosphere. Solar radiation is ideal for the maintenance of the environments radiation. The exposure of greenhouse gasses to the environment interferes with the activities of the solar radiation thus changing the normal climate. Some of the notorious greenhouse gases are carbon, choroflourcaborns and watervapour which are natural. Despite the fact that most of the greenhouse gases are natural, human activities have been known to trigger the creation of manmade gases. This has increased the level of gases in the atmosphere which as a result increases the rate of climate change in the environment. Most of the manmade gases are emitted from the burning of wood and coal which have a high concentration of carbon.

The ozone is an essential part of climate change and global warming. The ozone is vital to the sustainability of all living things. The ozone layer is significant in that it protects the earth’s environment from the harsh rays of the sun. The ozone layer is in gashouse state making it more difficult to comprehend. It is thus impossible to determine the location of the ozone due to its gaseous state. This situation worsens the condition of the ozone in that people are not able to see the extent to which the layer is destroyed. The ozone is situated between the atmosphere and the earth. The main aim of this location is to maintain the correct temperature of the environment. It does this by blocking the dangerous rays produced from the sun. Human beings play a significant role in the sustainability of the ozone layer. Over the years, the ozone has slowly been changing its formation due to human activity. The main agent of this change is the release of carbon gases to the earth’s environment. The continued release worsens the hole formed in the ozone layer which in turn increases the extent of the ozone depletion. Ozone depletion is made possible through the reaction of the carbon gases with the gases of the ozone layer. This activity exposes the environment to the harsh rays of the sun endangering the safety of all living things as a result. .

All these factors are related in that they all affect each other in one way or another. Failure to observe proper car of one factor affects the other negatively. This leads to the spiraling damage of the environment making it loose its value. One of the ways of controlling this rising issue is by creating awareness of the dangers of careless human activity. This can only be effective if society is aware of the implications that come of environmental damage. The concentration on global warming is ideal in that it is central to the management of the earth’s environment. Global warming will thus be looked at more critically owing to its effects on human life (Maslin, p. 163).

Beginning of global warming

The issue on global warming is not one that has been introduced in present day. Global warming dates from the time of the occurrence of the ice age. The earth was filled with an enormous amount of ice over 18, 000 years ago. These dynamics were changed when the ice in the earth succumb to the change in temperature. This resulted in the melting of the ice creating a warmer and sunnier environment. This gave rise to the creation of longer summers and the reduction of cold seasons. The temperatures stabilized for a long because of the controlled human activity and population. The temperatures have however been changing as a result of the introduction of different factors in the environment. One of the factors responsible for global warming is the activities of the greenhouse gases. The greenhouse gases comprise of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and water vapor. These gases are present in the atmosphere making it possible for them to trap the heat from the sun. The reaction of the gasses attracts the heat to the earth’s surface which in turn increases the temperature. The heat that gets into the atmosphere remains and changes the dynamics of the temperature. One of the disadvantages of the greenhouse effects is that the process cannot be reciprocated. This means that the temperature is change remains permanent.

Increased causes of global warming

As stated earlier, global warming involves the increase in temperature of the environment. This increase is caused by various factors which are either man made or natural. In order to control the dynamics of global warming, human activity needs to change. One of the ways of looking at the human activity in relation to global warming is the occurrence of globalization. Globalization is the increased interaction of different communities due to the existence of factors such as trade, communication and migration. All these elements are part and parcel of human activity and are therefore unavoidable. Globalization is recorded to have emerged from the ancient days. During this time, communities were keen on migrating so as to get better living conditions. This led to the interaction of different communities thus leading the exchange of social-cultural aspects. Globalization continued to evolve with the time by keeping up with the introduction of new factors. Some of this additions resulted into the creation of a new world that was highly reliant on chemicals for the provision of goods and services. The changes in the lifestyle of human beings led to the introduction of new ideas. One of the pivotal inventions involves the introduction of introduction and the industrial age. This consists of the use of technology in all aspects of life. Technology led to the introduction of urbanization which characterized the use of electronics to ease the workload of human beings. Household have since then adapted to the use of devices such as vehicles, refrigerators and vacuum cleaners on a daily basis. These electronics are responsible for releasing the most dangerous gases in the environment. The rate of urbanization continues to rise due to the increase of the rate of development. This in turn places the environment at risk owing to human beings dependant nature on all things electronics. The use of these commodities release gases in form of carbon dioxide to the earth’s stratosphere. These gases are responsible for the emotion of heat to the environments normal temperature. The change in temperature is not ideal for the sustaining the lives of plants and animals. This is due to the creation of a chemical imbalance between the natural gases and the emitted gases. The environment is not able to return the balance of the gases on its own. It is up to human beings to step in by talking control of the products that the expose to the environment (Maslin, p. 215).

Effects of global warming

Global warming brings about different effects on both human beings and plants. The analysis on the beginning of global warming shows that the process of global warming is inevitable. This process can be controlled if human beings change their lifestyle. Global warming is always associated with negative implications. This gives people a negative perception of the process. Global warming is however responsible for the sustainability of human living things. The temperatures that were present before the occurrence of the melting of the ice age were impossible to live in. Most of the animals could not exist in such conditions due to their body temperature. This is also relatable to plants in that plants need heat in order for their leaves to produce chlorophyll. The greenhouse gases are thus pivotal for the creation of warm temperatures suitable for both human and plant lives. Global warming can thus be credited for the creation of suitable temperatures in the environment.

The creation of global warming has been an advantage and disadvantage to the earth’s environment. One of the factors that earth continues to face is the continued reaction of the greenhouse gases with the sun. As stated earlier, once the heat from the sun is attracted by the gasses to the environment it cannot get out of the environment. This means that the temperatures of the earth are expected to rise in the next years to come. The greenhouse gases are naturally present in earth atmosphere. The problem arises due to the increased release of more greenhouse gases by human beings. This is triggered buy factors such as globalization, urbanization and innovation of more technology. The more the factors increase, the more the earth becomes subject to the release of the greenhouse gases. This has dangerous effects on the earth and its inhabitants in that temperature should be received in moderation. Excess heat is hazardous to the sustainability of all living things. The imbalance of the greenhouse gasses would mean lack of protection from excess heat and cold. Excess heat is dangerous for all living things in the surface of the earth. Global warming is responsible for the cause of conditions such as skin cancer. Skin cancer damages the cells of human beings making the body organs vulnerable to the outside environment. This condition can lead to death and is thus dubbed as one of the most vital skin conditions to date. Global warming is also dangerous in that exposure to the sun leads to the damage of body parts such as the eyes. Human beings are advised to limit their exposure to the sun due to the strong ultra violet rays that it relays. Increased temperatures would affect the eyesight of most human beings increasing the risk of getting blind as a result.

Global warming has some long time implications on the sustainability of the earth. The earth is the principle habitat of all things that breathe. Living things are thus at the mercy of the environment in that their existence is threatened if the conditions are unbearable. Research shows that if these conditions continue to escalate, the lives of living things will reduce by a great margin. Increased temperatures will mean that all organisms will be destroyed in the long run. This is alarming in that the lifespan of all living things continues to reduce when the temperature increase (Maslin, p. 346).

Control of global warming

Global warming is a controllable factor if the activities of human beings are monitored. The greenhouse gases are essential for the overall control of the temperature of the environment. The gases naturally occur in that they were present before the existence of mankind. The gases are thus able to regulate their temperature without the interference of human beings. One of the ways global warming can be controlled is the observation of activities of human beings. Human beings pose the most risk to the sustainability of the global temperatures. This is ironic in that they are the most affected by the effects of global warming. One of the ways human beings can control this spiraling issue is by observing their living conditions. The United States is one of the countries responsible for the increase of global warming. The country consumes the largest amount of fuel which in turn releases an enormous percentage of gases to the environment. This is dangerous due to the fact that the population continue to rise annually. The increase in population increases the demand of fuel which reflects on the increased temperatures. One of the ways that human beings can control this occurrence is by reducing the consumption of fuel. This is difficult in that fuel is responsible for the production of goods and services. Human beings should thus consume fuel carefully. Fuel saving methods can include carpooling so as to reduce the number of vehicles on the road. People can also opt for using alternative vehicles that are safe for the environment. Some of the vehicles in the market are the prius hybrid and the electrical cars. These options reduce the consumption of fuel which as a result makes the environment safe for living things to live in (Maslin, p. 238).

In conclusion, Global warming is one of the globe environment issues human beings face. Global warming was formed from the reactions of the greenhouse gases that changed the environmental condition of the earth. The greenhouses are responsible for the regulation of the earth’s temperature making them an essential part of human life. These gases are natural making them self reliant. Human beings are also responsible for the emission of gases to the earth’s environment due to their day to day activities. One of the ways that this is done is through the use of fuel which releases by products such as carbon dioxide and water vapor. These reactions attract sunlight from the ultraviolet rays which warm up the temperatures of the environment. There are several factors that contribute to the increase in temperatures of the environment. Most of these are brought about by the change in the lifestyle of human beings. Factor like globalization, technology and urbanization have a long-term effect on the environment in that they have become a way of life. It is difficult to decrease the occurrence of such factors making it to control the rate of global warming. One of the solutions that human beings have is to carefully monitor their activities so as to control the situation. This can only be successful if different countries educate their citizens on the vitality of this issue. The inability to monitor human activity reduces the sustainability of all living things. This in turn poses a risk to the future of fall things that call the environment home.

Works cited

Maslin, Mark. Global Warming. Stillwater, MN: Voyageur Press, 2006. Print.

Name

Professor’s name

Course

Date

Week 1-Mother Tongue by Amy Tan

The main idea of the article Mother Tongue by Amy Tan is that people have different perspectives of the English language. The author is trying to pass across the point that people tend to look down on people that do not speak the perfect English language. This is seen in how the author’s mother is treated by the people she encounters. For instance, people pretended not to understand what her mother was saying at the bank and in stores because her English was broken. The primary purpose of this article is to sensitize the audience against unequal treatment of people based on the language they speak. This article calls out the behaviors of people who mistreat non-native English speakers. The article also aims to explain the author’s experiences and challenges that people who do not speak English as their first language go through. The article is about the conflicts that Amy Tan goes through in her daily life both as a writer and with the family. The language she uses in her profession is not the same language she uses to speak to her mother because it is complex and filled with vocabulary. Tan feels deeply about her mother tongue because she has experienced first-hand her mother being treated unequally because she speaks broken language. She has seen people ignore her presence simply because she cannot communicate as best as she would want to because of her Chinese accent. At times, she was forced to pick up her mother’s calls and pretend to be her.

A good thesis statement for this article would be “while language is important in communication, non-native English speakers struggle to be understood because of their mother-tongue interference making their communication experiences difficult.” The main message of this article is that it is our duty to be accommodative of each other as human beings. At the end of the day, no human is perfect, and as such, we should try to make life experiences of everyone as smooth as possible. The article is important as it addresses an important issue that people rarely talk about unequal treatment of people along the lines of the language they speak. I would describe Tan’s relationship with her mother as a considerate and loving one. Growing up, Tan helped her mother communicate with people by answering her calls. Even as Tan is writing her book, she says she wants to write a book that her mother would read and understand. This is very considerate of her. The target audience for this article is immigrants who do not speak English as their first language and members of the public who might be struggling with language. When giving the presentation, Tan realizes that her mother is part of her audience and so she might not understand everything that she says. This is because Tan tends to use more complex language filled with vocabulary, but when she speaks to her mother, she uses simpler language. The tone used in this article is relaxed and informative. The point of view of this text is that when giving a talk, speakers should assess their audience to ensure that they will understand what they say. Also, the article opines against unequal treatment of non-English native speakers.

Quote Sandwich

Quote 1: Tan writes “I knew I had succeeded where it counted when my mother finished reading my book and gave me her verdict: so easy to read.”

Paraphrase: Tan explains that she knew she had succeeded when her mother finished reading the book and said it was easy to read.

Explanation: The explanation is that when writing her book, Tan had purposed to write a book that her mother could comfortably read and understand. Tan wanted to show that communicating does not have to be a challenging experience for non-native speakers. She knew she had achieved her goal when her mother confirmed that the book was easy to read.

Quote 2: Tan writes, “Why he don’t send me check, already two weeks late. So mad he lie to me, losing me money.”

Paraphrase: Tan explains that her mother was not sent a check by her stockbroker and was angry that she lost money (Tongue, 2).

Explanation: Tan’s mother could not speak perfect English, so she had her speak to the stockbroker on the phone in her place. Her mother was trying to say that she was concerned that she had not received her check and was afraid that she had lost money. Although her mother could barely speak proper English, Tan understood everything she said.

Works Cited

Tongue, Mother. “Amy Tan.” The World is a Text: Writing, Reading, and Thinking about Culture and Its Contexts (2003): 291.

Summary of After the Adolescent Pregnancy

Parents, Teens, and Families

Life Span Development SC 506

University of West Alabama

Introduction

In the article, After the Adolescent Pregnancy: Parents, Teens, and Families author Benson provides information to help understand adolescent conditions and decisions during and after pregnancy. Benson focuses on five dimensions and frameworks that are associated with adolescent pregnancy. The five dimensions and frameworks include: pregnancy, abortion, childbearing, adoption, and teen parenthood. Benson addresses the role of social workers in helping adolescents deal with the issues mentioned above. Benson conducted an investigation to determine a solution to help adolescents deal with issues of pregnancy.

According to Benson (2004), most social workers will work with a pregnant or parenting adolescent sooner or later. Adolescent pregnancy and parenthood have many important consequences. Social Workers can provide valuable assistance to adolescents and their families as they deal with these life changing events. Being that most Social Workers have had many different areas of practice relating to the issue, they are able to be more helpful, and informing of the issues to guide adolescents to make healthy decisions. Social Workers play an important role with families concerning common problems, and they are the key concept to helping promote a good outcome.

Dimensions and Framework

The first dimension in the framework is pregnancy. During pregnancy the adolescents are often very stressed and depressed. The support of the family is important to help keep the stress level down. It is important to communicate and encourage good health during the adolescent’s pregnancy. Good health is extremely important for an adolescent, because their body is not fully developed to carry a baby and they have a greater risk of complications; therefore it is important for them to eat health for them and the baby.

The second dimension in the framework is abortion. Most adolescents want to have abortions because they feel their family will not support their decision to conceive a baby. This notion goes back to the first dimension, where it states the importance of family support. The dimension stated that if an adolescent chooses to have an abortion, she has to comply with the state law. It is important to help adolescents cope with the decision to have an abortion. If an adolescent chooses to have an abortion, it is important to support them in any decision they make.

The third dimension is childbearing and adoption. Childbearing for an adolescent is considering being associated with lower likelihood to finish school. Poverty could also contribute to early childbearing, because if an adolescent gets pregnant, and have the baby, she then may have to drop out of school to support them. As a result she will end up with a very low paying job or no job at all. Benson mentions that only 1-2 % of adolescents put their baby up for adoptions. If they don’t have the baby then they have an abortion. Most adolescents are provided with very little information on adoption.

The last dimension is parenthood. Becoming an adolescent parent changes the individual in society. The adolescent is put into a different view. The expectance of the adolescent change from a child to an adult.

Importance

The article is extremely important as it relates to my field of work. The article mentions the important roles of a Social Worker with adolescent pregnancy. Being that I am a Social Worker and I work with young adult’s everyday, I felt this was a very helpful article to gather information from and use as a resource for my clients in the near future. The article shared information about the different decisions an adolescent has, and the importance of family support. Not all adolescents will have family support, or support at all, and that is when my job as a Social Worker will come into play. Also it is important to be knowledgeable of the information in this article, because as a Social Worker we need to be aware of all options available for a client. As the article stated that most adolescent do not know about adoptions, so the Social Worker can share that information with them, and maybe they can use adoption as an option.

Personal

The article discusses the different dimensions of adolescent pregnancy. In my opinion the article was informative. The information from the article will now make me be sure that my clients are aware of all options that are available. I will teach the family the important of family support, and the importance of teaching the adolescent all she needs to know about the issue. The article did raise some questions for me, because it stated that most adolescent that choose to have the baby, will drop out of school. I believe that is when family support comes into play. If the adolescent has a baby, the family needs to work out a plan so that the adolescents life can stay as normal as possible.

Conclusion

Overall, the article provides information to help Social Workers understand conditions and decisions before and after pregnancy. The framework emphasizes individualization, family support, and future orientation. The article provided helpful information.

Reference

Benson, M. J. (2004). After the Adolescent Pregnancy Parents,

Teens, and Families. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 21, 435-455.